Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials in Adults with Williams Syndrome.

Background:  Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic, multisystemic, neurodevelopmental disorder, in which studies have demonstrated the presence of auditory deficits such as conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, cochlear weakness, and subclinical signs of hearing impairment. However, few studies have assessed this population's central auditory system.

Purpose:  To analyze long-latency auditory evoked potential (LLAEP) in adults with WS and compare them with those obtained from neurotypical individuals with no hearing complaints.

Audiological Characterization of Individuals with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome.

 Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a genetic disorder in which individuals may present sensorineural and/or conductive hearing loss, and the results of behavioral auditory assessments are not accurate.  To characterize the audiological profile of individuals with CdLS through behavioral, electroacoustic, and electrophysiological audiological assessments.  The study included 13 individuals of both sexes, aged between 3 and 26 years, with diagnoses confirmed through genetic studies.

Peripheral and brainstem auditory evaluation in post-COVID-19 individuals.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the peripheral and central auditory pathways in adult individuals after COVID-19 infection.

Method: A total of 44 individuals aged between 19 and 58 years, of both genders, post-COVID-19 infection, confirmed by serological tests, with no previous hearing complaints and no risk factors for hearing loss, were assessed. All the participants underwent the following procedures: pure tone audiometry, logoaudiometry, immitanciometry, and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP), in addition to answering a questionnaire about auditory symptoms.

Peripheral Auditory Pathway and ABR Characterization in Adults with Williams Syndrome.

 Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion in chromosome 7, affecting ∼ 28 genes. Studies have demonstrated conductive losses seemingly related to the absence of the gene and mild to profound sensorineural losses due to cochlear fragility.  To characterize and compare the peripheral auditory system and auditory brainstem response (ABR) of adults with WS and neurotypical adults matched by age and gender.

The Relationship between Speech Sound Disorder and Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential.

Introduction: Speech sound disorder (SSD) is a speech and language disorder associated with difficulties in motor production, perception, and phonological representation of sounds and speech segments. Since auditory perception has a fundamental role in forming and organizing sound representation for its recognition, studies that evaluate the cortical processing of sounds are required. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the relation between SSD severity measured by the percentage of correct consonants (PCCs) with the cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) using speech stimulus.

Study of the peripheral and central auditory pathways in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis.

Objective: To investigate the peripheral and central auditory pathways in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) individuals.

Method: The research sample comprised 15 individuals (one female and 14 males), aged 8 to 46 years. The following procedures were used: medical history survey, otoscopy, speech and pure-tone threshold audiometry, acoustic immittance measures, and central auditory pathway assessment with brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) and long-latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEP).

Auditory central pathways in children and adolescents with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease. Auditory evoked potential studies have demonstrated conduction and neural processing deficits in adults with MS, but little is known about the electrophysiological responses in children and adolescents.

Objective: to evaluate the central auditory pathway with brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) and long-latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEP) in children and adolescents with MS.

A longitudinal study of the peripheral and central auditory pathways in individuals with acute lymphoid leukemia.

Objective: To characterize the peripheral and central auditory pathways in individuals with Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) and compare assessment results before and during chemotherapy.

Method: The study included 17 subjects with ALL, divided into two age groups: 3 to 6 (11 individuals) and 7 to 16 years old (6 individuals). Each subject was evaluated twice (before and 3 to 6 months after chemotherapy treatment) with the following procedures: medical history survey, otoscopy, Pure-Tone Threshold (PTA) and speech audiometry, acoustic immittance measures, Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP) and Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (LLAEP).

Audiological profile and cochlear functionality in Williams syndrome.

Purpose: to evaluate cochlear functionality in Williams syndrome (WS) individuals.

Methods: a study with 39 individuals, being 22 with WS aged between 7 and 17 years, 15 male and 7 female, and 17 individuals with typical development and normal hearing. All individuals were evaluated using pure tone audiometry, acoustic immittance measurements, and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE).

Neuronal plasticity of the auditory pathway in children with speech sound disorder: a study of Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials.

Purpose: To analyze the results of Long-latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (LLAEP) in children with Speech Sounds Disorder (SSD) after speech therapy.

Methods: Longitudinal and prospective clinical study at 14 children with SSD, with ages ranging from five to seven years, of both genders. Were applied Picture Naming task and Imitation task, and from these tasks it was calculated the Percentage of Consonants Correct index.

Auditory Event Related Potentials in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objective: To analyze auditory cortical processing in high functioning ASD individuals.

Methods: Thirty individuals were included in the study (15 with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 15 with typical development), and their Auditory Event Related Potentials evaluation, elicited with tone burst and speech stimuli, were analyzed.

Results: There were no significant differences between individuals with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder without intellectual disability and those with typical development in the auditory Event-related Potentials elicited with tone bursts or speech stimuli.

Influence of obstructive sleep apnea on auditory event-related potentials.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the P300 response of auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) and to correlate the electrophysiological findings with OSA severity.

Methods: Patients with no OSA and mild, moderate, and severe OSA according to polysomnography (PSG) with normal hearing and no comorbidities were studied. Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, the use of chronic medications, and a risk of hearing loss were excluded.

Cortical auditory evoked potentials in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.

Purpose: To identify and analyze what are the characteristic findings of Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEP) in children and / or adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to typical development, through a systematic literature review.

Research Strategies: Based on the formulation of a research question, a bibliographic survey was carried out in seven databases (Web of Science, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Scielo, Science Direct, and Google Sholar), with the following descriptors: autism spectrum disorder (transtorno do espectro autista), autistic disorder (transtorno autístico), evoked potentials, auditory (potenciais evocados auditivos), event related potentials, P300 (potencial evocado P300) e child (criança). This review was registered in Prospero, under number 118751.

Central Auditory Nervous System Stimulation through the Cochlear Implant Use and Its Behavioral Impacts: A Longitudinal Study of Case Series.

The purpose of this study was to investigate, over a period of five years, the cortical maturation of the central auditory pathways and its impacts on the auditory and oral language development of children with effective use and without effective use of a Cochlear Implant (CI). A case series study was conducted with seven children who were CI users and seven children with normal hearing, with age- and gender-matched to CI users. The assessment was performed by long-latency auditory evoked potentials and auditory and oral language behavioral protocols.

Auditory hypersensitivity in Williams syndrome.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate auditory hypersensitivity in WS and to evaluate hyperacusis through standardized protocols, checking if it can be associated with the absence of acoustic reflexes in people with WS.

Method: The study was performed in 17 individuals with WS, aged between seven and 17 years old (10 males and seven females), and 17 individuals with typical development age- and gender-matched to individuals with WS. Statistical tests were used to analyze the responses collected with the Loudness Discomfort Level (LDL) test as well as ipsilateral and contralateral reflex responses.

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the neural encoding of verbal and nonverbal stimuli in individuals with autism spectrum disorder using brainstem auditory evoked potentials.

Methodology: Thirty individuals between 7 and 12 years of age and of both genders participated in this study. Fifteen were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, and 15 had typical development.

Characteristics of auditory evaluation in Williams syndrome: a systematic review.

Purpose: Identify the characteristics of the clinical audiological evaluation of individuals with Williams syndrome by means of a systematic literature review.

Research Strategies: The following research question was initially determined: "What are the characteristics of clinical auditory assessment in individuals with Williams syndrome?". From this, a bibliographic search was conducted in four databases using the descriptors: Williams syndrome, Hearing loss, and Audiology.

Cortical maturation of long latency auditory evoked potentials in hearing children: the complex P1-N1-P2-N2.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to monitor the emergence and changes to the components of the Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (LLAEP) in normal hearing children.

Methods: This longitudinal study included children of both genders: seven aged between 10 and 35 months, and eight children between 37 and 63 months. The electrophysiological hearing evaluation consisted of analysis of LLAEP obtained in a sound field generated with loudspeakers positioned at an azimuth of 90°, through which the syllable /ba/ was played at an intensity of 70 dB HL.

Correction: Cortical maturation in children with cochlear implants: Correlation between electrophysiological and behavioral measurement.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Maturation of long latency auditory evoked potentials in hearing children: systematic review.

Purpose: To analyze how Auditory Long Latency Evoked Potentials (LLAEP) change according to age in children population through a systematic literature review.

Research Strategies: After formulation of the research question, a bibliographic survey was done in five data bases with the following descriptors: Electrophysiology (Eletrofisiologia), Auditory Evoked Potentials (Potenciais Evocados Auditivos), Child (Criança), Neuronal Plasticity (Plasticidade Neuronal) and Audiology (Audiologia).

Selection Criteria: Level 1 evidence articles, published between 1995 and 2015 in Brazilian Portuguese or English language.

Cortical maturation in children with cochlear implants: Correlation between electrophysiological and behavioral measurement.

Central auditory pathway maturation in children depends on auditory sensory stimulation. The objective of the present study was to monitor the cortical maturation of children with cochlear implants using electrophysiological and auditory skills measurements. The study was longitudinal and consisted of 30 subjects, 15 (8 girls and 7 boys) of whom had a cochlear implant, with a mean age at activation time of 36.

Auditory Cortical Maturation in a Child with Cochlear Implant: Analysis of Electrophysiological and Behavioral Measures.

The purpose of this study was to longitudinally assess the behavioral and electrophysiological hearing changes of a girl inserted in a CI program, who had bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss and underwent surgery of cochlear implantation with electrode activation at 21 months of age. She was evaluated using the P1 component of Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potential (LLAEP); speech perception tests of the Glendonald Auditory Screening Procedure (GASP); Infant Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS); and Meaningful Use of Speech Scales (MUSS). The study was conducted prior to activation and after three, nine, and 18 months of cochlear implant activation.

Auditory pathways' maturation after cochlear implant via cortical auditory evoked potentials.

Introduction: Evaluation of cortical auditory evoked potentials in children with cochlear implants has been proven to be an effective method for assessing cortical maturation after electrical stimulation.

Objective: To analyze the changes in latency values of cortical auditory evoked potentials before and three months after cochlear implant use.

Material And Methods: This was a case-control study with a group of five children using cochlear implant awaiting activation of the electrodes, and a control group composed of five normal-hearing children.

Long latency auditory evoked potentials in children with cochlear implants: systematic review.

The aim of this study was to analyze the findings on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in children with cochlear implant through a systematic literature review. After formulation of research question and search of studies in four data bases with the following descriptors: electrophysiology (eletrofisiologia), cochlear implantation (implante coclear), child (criança), neuronal plasticity (plasticidade neuronal) and audiology (audiologia), were selected articles (original and complete) published between 2002 and 2013 in Brazilian Portuguese or English. A total of 208 studies were found; however, only 13 contemplated the established criteria and were further analyzed; was made data extraction for analysis of methodology and content of the studies.