Effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgically treated traumatic brain injury population at a level I trauma center in the Boston metropolitan area: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Objective: The median household income is a useful metric for healthcare disparity assessment. New England holds the highly diverse, densely populated Boston metropolitan area, which is known for having one of the highest living wages in the US. To the authors' knowledge, there is no published data on the effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgical treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

The Neuroimmune Interface: Age-Related Responses to Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a significant public health issue, with diverse consequences across the lifespan. This comprehensive review explores the complex interplay between age-related responses and the immune system following TBI. TBI exhibits distinct effects in pediatric, adult, and elderly populations, with profound implications for recovery and long-term outcomes.

Traditional Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment Scales Do Not Predict Outcomes from Brain Metastases: A Population-Based Predictive Nomogram.

Brain metastases are an uncommon yet life-limiting manifestation of prostate cancer. However, there is limited insight into the natural progression, therapeutics, and patient outcomes for prostate cancer once metastasized to the brain. This is a retrospective study of 461 patients with metastatic prostate cancer to the brain with a primary outcome of median overall survival (OS).

GluN2B on Adult-Born Granule Cells Modulates (R,S)-Ketamine's Rapid-Acting Effects in Mice.

Background: Standard antidepressant treatments often take weeks to reach efficacy and are ineffective for many patients. (R,S)-ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been shown to be a rapid-acting antidepressant and to decrease depressive symptoms within hours of administration. While previous studies have shown the importance of the GluN2B subunit of the NMDA receptor on interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex, no study to our knowledge has investigated the influence of GluN2B-expressing adult-born granule cells.

Global Disparities in the Presentation and Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Review and Analysis.

Objective: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with high mortality rates. There is a significant gap in the literature describing global disparities in demographics, management, and outcomes among patients with aSAH. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess global disparities in aSAH presentation and management.

( )-ketamine's rapid-acting antidepressant effects are modulated by NR2B-containing NMDA receptors on adult-born hippocampal neurons.

Standard antidepressant treatments often take weeks to reach efficacy and are ineffective for many patients. ( )-ketamine, an -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, has been shown to be a rapid-acting antidepressant and to decrease depressive symptoms within hours of administration. While previous studies have shown the importance of the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) on interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), no study has investigated the influence of NR2B-expressing adult-born granule cells (abGCs).

Prognostic Indicators for Intracranial Metastases from Pancreatic Cancer: A Population-Based Retrospective Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database Analysis.

Objective: The natural history, treatment options, and clinical outcomes of pancreatic metastases to the brain remain largely unknown. Here, we seek to investigate characteristics that influence OS in pancreatic metastases to the brain.

Methods: This is a population-based retrospective study of OS in 508 patients with pancreatic metastases to the brain using the SEER database.

Endothelial deletion of EPH receptor A4 alters single-cell profile and Tie2/Akap12 signaling to preserve blood-brain barrier integrity.

Neurobiological consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) result from a complex interplay of secondary injury responses and sequela that mediates chronic disability. Endothelial cells are important regulators of the cerebrovascular response to TBI. Our work demonstrates that genetic deletion of endothelial cell (EC)-specific EPH receptor A4 (EphA4) using conditional and knockout (KO) mice promotes blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and tissue protection, which correlates with improved motor function and cerebral blood flow recovery following controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury.

Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Fear Generalization in Mice Involves Hippocampal Memory Trace Dysfunction and Is Alleviated by (R,S)-Ketamine.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating neurological disorder caused by an impact to the head by an outside force. TBI results in persistent cognitive impairments, including fear generalization and the inability to distinguish between aversive and neutral stimuli. The mechanisms underlying fear generalization have not been fully elucidated, and there are no targeted therapeutics to alleviate this symptom of TBI.

Prognostic Indicators for H3K27M-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma: A Population-Based Retrospective Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database Analysis.

Background: Diffuse midline glioma with histone H3K27M mutation (H3K27M DMG) is a recently recognized World Health Organization grade IV glioma with a dismal prognosis. Despite maximal treatment, this high-grade glioma exhibits an estimated median survival of 9-12 months. However, little is known with regards to prognostic risk factors for overall survival (OS) for patients with this malignant tumor.

Traumatic brain injury-induced fear generalization in mice involves hippocampal memory trace dysfunction and is alleviated by ( )-ketamine.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating neurological disorder caused by an impact to the head by an outside force. TBI results in persistent cognitive impairments, including fear generalization, the inability to distinguish between aversive and neutral stimuli. The mechanisms underlying fear generalization have not been fully elucidated, and there are no targeted therapeutics to alleviate this symptom of TBI.

Cross-Talk and Subset Control of Microglia and Associated Myeloid Cells in Neurological Disorders.

Neurological disorders are highly prevalent and often lead to chronic debilitating disease. Neuroinflammation is a major driver across the spectrum of disorders, and microglia are key mediators of this response, gaining wide acceptance as a druggable cell target. Moreover, clinical providers have limited ability to objectively quantify patient-specific changes in microglia status, which can be a predictor of illness and recovery.

Trauma-related dissociation and the autonomic nervous system: a systematic literature review of psychophysiological correlates of dissociative experiencing in PTSD patients.

Neurophysiological models link dissociation (e.g. feeling detached during or after a traumatic event) to hypoarousal.