Long-term follow-up of an IgA nephropathy cohort: outcomes and risk factors.

Aim: IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common glomerulopathy worldwide and in Uruguay, raised treatment controversies. The study aimed to analyze long-term IgAN outcomes and treatment.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of a Uruguayan IgAN cohort, enrolled between 1985 and 2009 and followed up until 2020, was performed.

Adherence to multidisciplinary care in a prospective chronic kidney disease cohort is associated with better outcomes.

Introduction: The Renal Healthcare Program Uruguay (NRHP-UY) is a national, multidisciplinary program that provides care to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. In this study, we report the global results of CKD patient outcomes and a comparison between those treated at the NRHP-UY Units, with those patients who were initially included in the program but did not adhere to follow up.

Methods: A cohort of not-on dialysis CKD patients included prospectively in the NRHP-UY between October 1st 2004 and September 30th 2017 was followed-up until September 30th 2019.

Mineral and bone disorder and longterm survival in a chronic kidney disease grade 3b-4cohort.

Mineral and bone disorder biomarkers 'normal ranges' are controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and 25(OH) vitamin D levels and mortality risk, in a chronic kidney disease (CKD) grade (G) 3b-4 cohort. The Uruguayan National Renal Healthcare Program (NRHP-UY) CKD patients' cohort, included between 1 October 2004 and 1 March 2020 and followed-up until 1 March 2021, was analyzed with the Ethics Committee approval.

ISPD recommendations for the evaluation of peritoneal membrane dysfunction in adults: Classification, measurement, interpretation and rationale for intervention.

Guideline 1: A pathophysiological classification of membrane dysfunction, which provides mechanistic links to functional characteristics, should be used when prescribing individualized dialysis or when planning modality transfer (e.g. to automated peritoneal dialysis (PD) or haemodialysis) in the context of shared and informed decision-making with the person on PD, taking individual circumstances and treatment goals into account.

Substitution of Oral for Intravenous Cyclophosphamide in Membranous Nephropathy.

Background: Optimal immunosuppressive treatment for membranous nephropathy is still a matter of controversy. Current recommendations include oral cyclophosphamide combined with steroids (modified Ponticelli regimen) as first-line treatment in patients who are high risk. However, concerns about the cumulative toxicity of oral cyclophosphamide persist.

Is Chronic Kidney Disease Progression Influenced by the Type of Renin-Angiotensin-System Blocker Used?

Introduction: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) reduce proteinuria and slow renal disease progression more effectively than other therapies in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, differences regarding efficacy and safety between these therapies remain controversial.

Objectives: Aim of this study was to analyze the different treatment effect of ACEI, ARB, and non-ACEI/ARB in CKD progression.

Prevalence of Symptoms and Symptom Clusters of Patients on Dialysis in Uruguay.

Background: Patients on dialysis report high levels of symptom burden. The association of these symptoms may have an increased deleterious effect on the patients' well-being.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of symptoms, to identify symptom clusters, and to describe the impact of concurrent symptoms on physical and emotional well-being in a sample of dialysis patients.

Duration of Treatment with Corticosteroids and Recovery of Kidney Function in Acute Interstitial Nephritis.

Background And Objectives: Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis represents an emerging cause of acute kidney disease, especially among polymedicated elderly patients. Although corticosteroids are frequently used, controversy exists about the timing of initiation, efficacy, safety, and duration of treatment.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: We performed a retrospective study of 182 patients with biopsy-proven drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis from 13 Spanish centers.

Temporal trends in biopsy proven glomerular disease in Uruguay, 1990-2014.

Our aim is to describe variations in the incidence rates of glomerular disease diagnosed by renal biopsies performed in Uruguay over the last 25 years in relation to sex, age, clinical presentation and histological diagnosis. We analyzed all renal biopsies performed in Uruguay during the 25 years period and estimated incidence rates per million people per year (pmp/yr) for the population older than 14 years. Mann Kendall's trend analysis was used to assess incidence trends.

Risk Factors And Prevention of Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis.

Background: Peritonitis is a major complication and the main cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD) failure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate peritonitis risk factors and its prevention with a new peritoneal educational program (NPEP).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of a cohort of chronic PD patients, older than 16 years, who began PD in the period 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2015 at a Uruguayan PD center, with follow-up until 31 December 2016.

Lupus Nephritis in Males: Clinical Features, Course, and Prognostic Factors for End-Stage Renal Disease.

Introduction: Because of their rarity in men, systemic lupus erythematous and lupus nephritis (LN) are poorly understood in men. Our aim was to analyze the clinical presentation and course of histology-proven systemic lupus erythematous and LN in males and to determine the risk factors for progression to end-stage renal disease.

Methods: Fifty patients from 2 historical cohorts in Spain (Hospital 12 de Octubre) and Uruguay were retrospectively analyzed and compared with a female cohort matched for age and disease characteristics.

[Severe hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis. Report of six cases].

Rhabdomyolysis results from acute necrosis of skeletal muscle fibers and consequent leakage of muscle constituents into the circulation. It ranges from an asymptomatic state to a severe condition associated with extreme elevations in creatine kinase and acute renal failure. Reported etiologies of rhabdomyolysis include alcohol abuse, drugs, muscle trauma and muscle overexertion.

Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Cystatin C versus Creatinine in a Uruguayan Population.

Background. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from biomarkers has evolved and multiple equations are available to estimate renal function at bedside. Methods.

Calcium citrate improves the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by acidosis in proximal tubular cells.

Introduction: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key event in renal fibrosis. The aims of the study were to evaluate acidosis induced EMT, transforming-growth-factor (TGF) β1 role and citrate effect on it.

Methods: HK2 cells (ATCC 2290) were cultured in DMEM/HAM F12 medium, pH 7.

Using a multidisciplinary training program to reduce peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objectives: The present study evaluated the tool used to assess patients' skills and the impact on peritonitis rates of a new multidisciplinary peritoneal dialysis (PD) education program (PDEP).

Methods: After the University Hospital Ethics Committee approved the study, the educational and clinical records of PD patients were retrospectively analyzed in two phases. In phase I, an Objective Structured Assessment (OSA) was used during August 2008 to evaluate the practical skills of 25 patients with adequate Kt/V and no mental disabilities who had been on PD for more than 1 month.

Peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients in Uruguay.

Uruguay is a South American country (3241003 inhabitants) where renal replacement treatment is universally available. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence and outcome of peritonitis, and the causative organisms and their sensitivity, in order to recommend an empiric initial antibiotic treatment. A retrospective descriptive study of all peritonitis during the period 2004-2005 was performed (144 peritonitis, 44% due to gram-positive bacteria).

Calcium citrate ameliorates the progression of chronic renal injury.

Background: Metabolic acidosis is a consequence of chronic renal failure and it may produce bone demineralization, muscle proteolysis, and progression of chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of correction of metabolic acidosis with calcium citrate in an experimental model of renal mass ablation.

Methods: Wistar rats were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy and were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups: nontreated (NFX); treated with calcium citrate (1.