SOX3 duplication in a boy with 46,XX ovotesticular disorder of sex development and his 46,XX sister with atypical genitalia: Probable germline mosaicism.

Ovotesticular disorders of sex development (OT-DSD) are characterized by ovarian follicles and seminiferous tubules in the same individual, with a wide range of atypical genitalia. We report on two sibs with atypical genitalia and SRY-negative 46,XX DSD, OT-DSD was confirmed only in the boy, while the girl had bilateral ovaries. Chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) showed a 737-kb duplication at Xq27.

Prognosis determination of endocervical adenocarcinomas morphologically reclassified as HPV associated or HPV independent.

Objective: To evaluate the prognosis of endocervical adenocarcinomas after reclassification according to the morphologic type based on the 2020 World Health Organization Classification.

Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study with cases admitted at the University of Campinas, Brazil, from 2013 to 2020. The sample included 140 cases morphologically reclassified: 100 cases as adenocarcinoma HPV-associated (HPVA), 17 as HPV-independent (HPVI), and 23 non-HPVA/HPVI.

Preoperative Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Non-epithelial Ovarian Tumors: Clinical Features and Tumor Markers.

Objective:  To evaluate the role of clinical features and preoperative measurement of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), human epididymis protein (HE4), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serum levels in women with benign and malignant non-epithelial ovarian tumors.

Methods:  One hundred and nineteen consecutive women with germ cell, sex cord-stromal, and ovarian leiomyomas were included in this study. The preoperative levels of biomarkers were measured, and then surgery and histopathological analysis were performed.

Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Based on Magnetic Fields to Assemble Low-Grade Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Aggregates Containing Lymphocytes.

There is a limited number of established ovarian cancer cell lines matching the low-grade serous histotype available for research purposes. Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems provide in vitro models with better tissue-like characteristics than two-dimensional (2D) systems. The goal in the study was to characterize the growth of a given low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma cell line in a 3D culture system conducted in a magnetic field.

Stage and histology of cervical cancer in women under 25 years old.

Objective: To evaluate the histological and stage characteristics of cervical cancer in women under 25 years old, and to compare them with older women.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of cases from the Hospital Cancer Registry of São Paulo State/Brazil from 2000 to 2015. Variables were age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and histological type.

CAISMOV24, a new human low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma cell line.

Background: The spontaneous immortalization of primary malignant cells is frequently assigned to their genetic instability during in vitro culturing. In this study, the new epithelial ovarian cancer cell line CAISMOV24 was described and compared with its original low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma.

Methods: The in vitro culture was established with cells isolated from ascites of a 60-year-old female patient with recurrent ovarian cancer.

45,X/46,XY ovotesticular disorder of sex development revisited: undifferentiated gonadal tissue may be mistaken as ovarian tissue.

Background: The 45,X/46,XY karyotype has been associated with mixed gonadal dysgenesis (MGD) and ovotesticular disorder of sex development (DSD). Our aim was to revise the diagnosis of ovotesticular DSD in two patients in the context of a retrospective study of 45,X/46,XY subjects with genital ambiguity.

Case Presentation: Patient 1 had a left streak gonad; the right one was considered an ovotestis.

Underdiagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or Worse Lesion in Women with a Previous Colposcopy-Guided Biopsy Showing CIN 1.

 Expectant follow-up for biopsy-proven cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 is the current recommendation for the management of this lesion. Nevertheless, the performance of the biopsy guided by colposcopy might not be optimal. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the rate of underdiagnoses of more severe lesions in women with CIN 1 diagnosis and to evaluate whether age, lesion extent and biopsy site are factors associated with diagnostic failure.

Analysis of Conservative Surgical Treatment and Prognosis of Microinvasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix Stage IA1: Results of Follow-Up to 20 Years.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognosis and recurrence of microinvasive squamous cervical (MIC) cancer stage IA1 in women treated conservatively or by hysterectomy, and followed-up to 20 years.

Methods: It was studied in a cohort of 139 women with MIC, 41 definitively managed by conization and 98 by hysterectomy from January 1994 to December 2003 and followed-up until 2013. The definitive treatment, age, conization technique (loop electrosurgical excision procedure or cold knife conization), cone margin, residual disease in hysterectomy specimen, and the association with recurrence (intraepithelial cervical neoplasia grade 3/intraepithelial vaginal neoplasia grade 3 or worse, and microinvasive or worse) were analyzed.

Comparing the Copenhagen Index (CPH-I) and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA): Two equivalent ways to differentiate malignant from benign ovarian tumors before surgery?

Aim: To evaluate the prediction of malignancy in women with pelvic masses using the Copenhagen Index (CPH-I) and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA).

Patients And Methods: Three hundred eighty four women operated due to an ovarian mass were enrolled between January 2010 and June 2015. All patients had histopathological diagnosis, HE4 and CA125 measurement.

Metastatic mucinous carcinomas in the ovary: a practical approach to diagnosis related to gross aspects and to immunohistochemical evaluation.

Ovarian mucinous carcinomas are uncommon, and the differential diagnosis is metastatic carcinoma mainly from the gastrointestinal tract. The aim was to verify the importance of immunohistochemical reactions and the algorithm described in literature on the basis of laterality and tumor size. Twenty-five cases identified as metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas were reviewed, along with clinical records; a tissue microarray was created, and immunohistochemical reactions for CK7, CK20, Ca125, hormonal receptors, WT1, DPC4, β-catenin, and Cdx2 were determined.

Value of HPV-DNA test in women with cytological diagnosis of atypical glandular cells (AGC).

Objective: This study analyzed whether HPV (human papillomavirus) testing contributes towards defining histological abnormalities in women with atypical glandular cells (AGC) diagnosed at cervical cytology.

Study Design: One hundred and eight women with conventional cervical cancer screening smears suggestive of AGC not otherwise specified (AGC-NOS) and favor neoplastic (AGC-FN) were consecutively enrolled. All women underwent colposcopic examinations and biopsy was performed according to the cytopathologic and/or colposcopic abnormalities present.

Endometrial polyp with sex cord-like pattern.

We report on an unusual endometrial polyp in a postmenopausal woman taking tamoxifen for 7 years after surgical resection of a breast carcinoma. A 63-year-old woman with endometrial thickening was submitted to hysteroscopy with biopsy, which revealed a polyp with a sex cord-like pattern. The hysterectomy specimen showed florid adenomyosis, and in the background, there were rare sex cord-like foci.

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Ki67 as related to disease severity and HPV detection in squamous lesions of the cervix.

Objectives: To assess the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and Ki67 in cervical squamous lesions in relation to disease severity and human papillomavirus (HPV) detection.

Subjects And Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 223 women subjected to diathermic conization of the cervix have been enrolled, between February 2001 and April 2004. All patients undertook pelvic examination, including colposcopy and collection of samples for Hybrid Capture II (HCII).

Human papillomavirus DNA detection and histological findings in women referred for atypical glandular cells or adenocarcinoma in situ in their Pap smears.

Objective: To evaluate the association between high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection and histological diagnosis in women referred for atypical glandular cells (AGC) or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) at Pap smear.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 146 women referred for AGC (124), AGC with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (15), or AIS (7) were tested for HPV DNA using Hybrid Capture II (HC II). All women underwent colposcopic examination, and cervical biopsy was performed for 95 patients.

Immunohistochemical patterns for alpha- and beta-catenin, E- and N-cadherin expression in ovarian epithelial tumors.

Objectives: This study aims were to analyze and compare the E- and N-cadherin, beta- and alpha-catenin expression in benign and malignant epithelial neoplasms of the ovary, correlating with tumor staging, histological grade, and presence of metastases during evolution.

Methods: Immunohistochemical reactions were performed on paraffin-embedded tissues and evaluated according to the number of positive, stained cellular structures and reaction intensity for each molecule. Information about histological type and grade, tumoral stage, and disease evolution was obtained from the patients' clinical records.

p53, estrogen and progesterone receptors in diagnostic curettage for endometrial adenocarcinoma and their correlation with morphological data and disease stage at hysterectomy.

Context: Diagnostic staging is an important prognostic factor for endometrial adenocarcinoma. Apart from the histological type and histological grade, some markers seem to be associated with the stage and biological behavior of the disease. Among these are p53, estrogen and progesterone receptors.