Siblings' similarity in neural responses to loss reflects mechanisms of familial transmission for depression.

Having a depressed first-degree relative is one of the most replicated risk factors for depression. Research on the familial transmission of depression, however, has largely ignored siblings, even though sibling relationships are commonplace and characterized by frequent and intense emotions. It has been suggested that frequent contacts in close relationships lead to similarities in emotions and cognitions over time, a process underpinned by biobehavioral synchrony.

Effects of human inequality and urbanization on ecological well-being performance: A System-GMM analysis.

Enhancing the efficiency with which ecological consumption is transformed into human well-being is a necessary condition for achieving sustainable development. However, the current literature lacks systematic methods and applications for scientifically assessing Ecological Well-being Performance (EWP). How to value and index EWP is crucial to improve EWP.

The effects of family support and smartphone-derived homestay on daily mood and depression among sexual and gender minority adolescents.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents are at elevated risk for depression. This risk is especially pronounced among adolescents whose home environment is unsupportive or nonaffirming, as these adolescents may face familial rejection due to their identity. Therefore, it is critical to better understand the mechanisms underlying this risk by probing temporally sensitive associations between negative mood and time spent in potentially hostile home environments.

Cognitive inflexibility and heightened error monitoring are related to lower sexual functioning.

Sexual functioning is an important predictor of well-being and relationship satisfaction. Previous research indicates that several aspects of cognitive function are related to sex-related behaviors and functioning among individuals with sex-related disorders, neurological disorders, and in older adults; however, this has been relatively underexamined in younger populations. To examine this, the present study assessed whether behavioral and/or neurophysiological measures of cognitive function are associated with sexual functioning in a community sample of young 489 adults (64 % female) ages 18-30.

Detecting adolescent depression through passive monitoring of linguistic markers in smartphone communication.

Background: Cross sectional studies have identified linguistic correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD) in smartphone communication. However, it is unclear whether monitoring these linguistic characteristics can detect when an individual is experiencing MDD, which would facilitate timely intervention.

Methods: Approximately 1.

Transient presence of stomatocytes: A clue to the diagnosis of overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis in a child with beta-thalassemia.

Background: Overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (OHSt) is a rare disorder characterized by abnormalities in erythrocytic volume homeostasis. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate management and genetic counseling.

Methods: We present the case of a child with beta-thalassemia and a history of multiple blood transfusions.

Capturing mood dynamics through adolescent smartphone social communication.

Most adolescents with depression remain undiagnosed and untreated-missed opportunities that are costly from both personal and public health perspectives. A promising approach to detecting adolescent depression in real-time and at a large scale is through their social communication on the smartphone (e.g.

A prospective study of the relative contribution of adolescent peer support quantity and quality to depressive symptoms.

Background: During adolescence, peer support has an increasingly important role in identity formation and well-being. Prior research has identified that lack of social support from peers in adolescence is a potent risk factor for depression. Two ways that social support has been operationalized is by the number of one's friends (i.

Pregnant woman with acute promyelocytic leukemia delivers healthy twins and is cured successfully: A case report.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) during pregnancy is rare and difficult to treat. To the best of our knowledge, there is little precedent for successful treatment with combined chemotherapeutic agents without affecting delivery. The present study reported the case of a 31-year-old woman pregnant with twins who presented to the antenatal service at 13-week gestational age with complaints of vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, bleeding gums and skin ecchymosis, and was eventually diagnosed with APL.

Electrophysiological evidence of mal-adaptation to error in remitted depression.

Identifying risk markers for major depressive disorder (MDD) that persist into remission is key to address MDD's high rate of recurrence. Central to MDD recurrence are the disorder's negative information processing biases, such as heightened responses to errors, which may subsequently impair abilities to monitor performance and adjust behaviors based on environmental demands. However, little is known regarding the neurophysiological correlates of post-error adaptation in depression.

Preliminary evidence that individuals with remitted alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder exhibit enhanced neural responses to reward: An EEG study.

Introduction: Disruptions in neural responses to reward are implicated in risk for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). It is not clear whether these findings extend to those in remission from AUD and MDD, a critical question as studies of remission can (a) rule out effects due to current symptoms, and (b) can reveal potential trait-like differences.

Methods: Individuals with and without remitted AUD (rAUD) and/or rMDD (rMDD) were drawn from a larger study to create four groups: rAUD (n = 54), rMDD (n = 66), rAUD + rMDD (n = 53), and a community control group (CCG; n = 81).

Urbanization, Human Inequality, and Material Consumption.

Global material consumption needs to be reduced to be within its planetary boundary. Urbanization and human inequality are two profound economic-social phenomena, which have potential impacts on material consumption. This paper aims to empirically explore how urbanization and human inequality affect material consumption.

Childhood trauma predicts blunted error monitoring in adulthood: An event-related potential study.

Abuse and neglect have detrimental consequences on emotional and cognitive functioning during childhood and adolescence, including error monitoring, which is a critical aspect of cognition that has been implicated in certain internalizing and externalizing psychopathologies. It is unclear, however, whether (a) childhood trauma has effects on error monitoring and, furthermore whether, (b) error monitoring mediates the relation between childhood trauma and psychopathology in adulthood. To this end, in a large sample of young adults (ages 18-30) who were oversampled for psychopathology (N = 390), the present study assessed relations between childhood trauma and error-related negativity (ERN), which is a widely used neurophysiological indicator of error monitoring.

Isolated myeloid sarcoma with pericardial and pleural effusions as first manifestation: A case report.

Rationale: Myeloid sarcoma (MS) involves the proliferation of extramedullary blasts from 1 or more myeloid lineages, replacing the original tissue structures, and these neoplasias are called granulocytic sarcoma, chloroma, or extramedullary myeloid neoplasms. These tumors develop in lymphoid organs, bones, skin, soft tissues, various mucous membranes, organs, and the central nervous system. MS is rare in non-leukemic patients, while MS patient with effusion as the first manifestation is even rare.

Do public employment services affect the self-rated health of migrant workers in China?

Migrant workers greatly contributing to China's industrialization and urbanization are confronted with increasing health risks. This study empirically investigates the effects of public employment services on the self-rated health of migrant workers in Shanghai China, by using data from the National Bureau of Statistics from 2015 to 2020. The estimation results under the Ordered Probit model illustrate that public employment services significantly improve the self-rated health of migrant workers, and vocational training, job development and other related services show an apparently positive correlation with the self-rated health.

Event-related potentials to acoustic startle probes during unpredictable threat are associated with individual differences in intolerance of uncertainty.

Individual differences in sensitivity to unpredictable threat may be a critical mechanism for internalizing psychopathology phenotypes. The present study examined whether the startle probe-elicited N100 and P300 during unpredictable threat - two event-related potentials indexing early and elaborative attentional processing of unpredictable threat - may be endophenotypes for internalizing psychopathology, including fear and distress/misery disorders and intolerance of uncertainty (IU), a clinical trait that is transdiagnostically associated with internalizing disorders. A large sample of adult siblings (N = 375) completed the no, predictable, and unpredictable threat task, during which the N100 and P300 were recorded.

Exposure-response analyses of erdafitinib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Background: Exposure-response analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between selected efficacy and safety endpoints and serum phosphate (PO4) concentrations, a potential biomarker of efficacy and safety, in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients with FGFR alterations treated with erdafitinib.

Methods: Data from two dosing regimens of erdafitinib in a phase 2 study (NCT02365597), 6 and 8-mg/day with provision for pharmacodynamically guided titration per serum PO4 levels, were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard or logistic regression models. Efficacy endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR).

Erdafitinib's effect on serum phosphate justifies its pharmacodynamically guided dosing in patients with cancer.

A population pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) model was developed using data from 345 patients with cancer. The population PK-PD model evaluated the effect of erdafitinib total and free plasma concentrations on serum phosphate concentrations after once-daily oral continuous (0.5-12 mg) and intermittent (10-12 mg for 7 days on/7 days off) dosing, and investigated the potential covariates affecting erdafitinib-related changes in serum phosphate levels.

An Effortful Approach to Social Affiliation in Schizophrenia: Preliminary Evidence of Increased Theta and Alpha Connectivity during a Live Social Interaction.

People with schizophrenia often experience a profound lack of motivation for social affiliation-a facet of negative symptoms that detrimentally impairs functioning. However, the mechanisms underlying social affiliative deficits remain poorly understood, particularly under realistic social contexts. Here, we investigated subjective reports and electroencephalography (EEG) functional connectivity in schizophrenia during a live social interaction.

Prediction of the drug-drug interaction potential of the α1-acid glycoprotein bound, CYP3A4/CYP2C9 metabolized oncology drug, erdafitinib.

Erdafitinib is a potent oral pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor being developed as oncology drug for patients with alterations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor pathway. Erdafitinib binds preferentially to α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 and 3A4. This article describes a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for erdafitinib to assess the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 inhibitors and CYP3A4/CYP2C9 inducers on erdafitinib pharmacokinetics (PK) in patients with cancer exhibiting higher AGP levels and in populations with different CYP2C9 genotypes.

Machine learning classifies predictive kinematic features in a mouse model of neurodegeneration.

Motor deficits are observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) prior to the appearance of cognitive symptoms. To investigate the role of amyloid proteins in gait disturbances, we characterized locomotion in APP-overexpressing transgenic J20 mice. We used three-dimensional motion capture to characterize quadrupedal locomotion on a treadmill in J20 and wild-type mice.

The DISTANCE study: Determining the impact of social distancing on trauma epidemiology during the COVID-19 epidemic-An interrupted time-series analysis.

Background: The large-scale social distancing efforts to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission have dramatically changed human behaviors associated with traumatic injuries. Trauma centers have reported decreases in trauma volume, paralleled by changes in injury mechanisms. We aimed to quantify changes in trauma epidemiology at an urban Level I trauma center in a county that instituted one of the earliest shelter-in-place orders to inform trauma care during future pandemic responses.

Comparability of social anhedonia across epidemiological dimensions: A multinational study of measurement invariance of the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale.

Social anhedonia, or the loss of motivation in and pleasure from social engagement, is an important feature in understanding the etiology and outcome of various psychopathologies. While the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS) represents one of the most commonly used self-report measures of social anhedonia, little is known regarding the construct comparability across populations. We examined measurement invariance of the full and brief RSAS in a diverse, international sample of 14,064 participants across nine epidemiological dimensions, including gender, age, ethnicity, education, community income, continent, migrant status, ethnic density, and urbanicity.

Discovery of Ketone-Based Covalent Inhibitors of Coronavirus 3CL Proteases for the Potential Therapeutic Treatment of COVID-19.

The novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 that emerged in 2019 is caused by the virus SARS CoV-2 and named for its close genetic similarity to SARS CoV-1 that caused severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002. Both SARS coronavirus genomes encode two overlapping large polyproteins, which are cleaved at specific sites by a 3C-like cysteine protease (3CL) in a post-translational processing step that is critical for coronavirus replication. The 3CL sequences for CoV-1 and CoV-2 viruses are 100% identical in the catalytic domain that carries out protein cleavage.