Tuning the Selectivity of the Hydrogenation/Hydrogenolysis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural under Batch Multiphase and Continuous-Flow Conditions.

The hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been carried out either under single (aqueous) phase or batch multiphase (MP) conditions using mutually immiscible aqueous/hydrocarbon phases, 5 % Ru/C as a catalyst, and both with and without the use of trioctylmethyl phosphonium bis-(trifluoro methane) sulfonimide ([P ][NTf ]) as an ionic liquid (IL). Alternatively, the hydrogenation of HMF was explored in the continuous-flow (CF) mode with the same catalyst. By changing reaction parameters, experiments were optimized towards the formation of three products: 2,5-bis(hydroxy methyl)furan (BHMF), 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran (BHMTHF), and 1-hydroxyhexane-2,5-dione (HHD), which were obtained in up to 92, 90, and 99 % selectivity, respectively, at quantitative conversion.

Selective Hydrogenation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 1-Hydroxy-2,5-hexanedione by Biochar-Supported Ru Catalysts.

The development of sustainable and efficient catalysts -namely Ru supported on activated biochars- is carried out for the selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 1-hydroxy-2,5-hexanedione (HHD). Activated biochars obtained from pyrolysis and steam-based physical activation of two different biomasses from animal (leather tannery waste; A ) and vegetal (hazelnut shells; A ) origins show completely different chemical, textural, and morphological properties. Compared to A , after impregnation with 0.