Insights into the evolution and mechanisms of response to heat stress by whole genome sequencing and comparative proteomics analysis of the domesticated edible mushroom .

is a valuable edible mushroom rich in natural bioactive compounds. In the present study, a high-quality whole-genome of a domesticated strain of was sequenced, revealing a 40.67 Mb genome in 13 contigs.

Metabolism study of two phenethylamine - derived new psychoactive substances using in silico, in vivo, and in vitro approaches.

New psychoactive substances (NPS) are substances that are not controlled by international drug control conventions but are abused and pose a threat to public health. Proscaline and methallylescaline are two phenylethylamines with psychoactive and stimulant effects and are also derivatives of the classic hallucinogen mescaline. However, limited toxicity information on proscaline and methallylescaline has hindered the identification of these two NPS.

Metabolic shifts in tryptophan pathways during acute pancreatitis infections.

Infectious complications (ICs) in acute pancreatitis (AP) are primarily driven by intestinal bacterial translocation, significantly increasing mortality and hospital stays. Despite this, the role of the gut microenvironment, particularly its metabolic aspects, in AP remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated a cohort of patients with AP, and conducted supplemental murine studies, to explore the relationship between the gut metabolome and the development of ICs.

Vapour-liquid-solid-solid growth of two-dimensional non-layered β-BiO crystals with high hole mobility.

Currently, p-type two-dimensional (2D) materials lag behind n-type ones in both quantity and performance, hindering their use in advanced p-channel transistors and complementary logic circuits. Non-layered materials, which make up 95% of crystal structures, hold the potential for superior p-type 2D materials but remain challenging to synthesize. Here we show a vapour-liquid-solid-solid growth of atomically thin (<1 nm), high-quality, non-layered 2D β-BiO crystals on a SiO/Si substrate.

Quantification and Molecular Analysis of Antagonism between Xylose Utilization and Acetic Acid Tolerance in Glucose/Xylose Cofermentation Strains.

For bioethanol production from lignocellulosic materials, an ideal microorganism must possess both excellent xylose utilization and a high tolerance to inhibitory compounds. However, these two traits often exhibit antagonism in recombinant xylose-utilizing strains. In this study, we developed a quantitative metric using an aggregated parameter to evaluate the degree of this antagonism and applied it to evaluate the antagonism of three strains (LF1, LF1-6M, and 6M-15), which had been iteratively evolved in xylose and hydrolyzate environments.

Association Between Serum Uric Acid to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Pneumonia After Endovascular Treatment of Vertebrobasilar Artery Occlusion.

Background: The uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) is a novel marker of inflammation and metabolism. We aimed to explore the association of UHR with pneumonia after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with vertebrobasilar artery occlusion (VBAO).

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled participants diagnosed with acute VBAO treated with EVT within 24 hours of estimated occlusion time from the multicenter PERSIST study.

Evaluation of the Regulatory Effect of the Pan-PPAR Agonist Chiglitazar on the Dawn Phenomenon.

Introduction: The dawn phenomenon (DP), characterized by early morning hyperglycemia, poses a significant challenge in diabetes management and is associated with increased glycemic variability and long-term complications. Despite its clinical impact, effective therapeutic strategies remain limited. Chiglitazar, a novel pan-PPAR agonist, has demonstrated benefits in improving lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity, but its potential role in mitigating DP remains unexplored.

[Comparison of adverse oral behaviors between patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction and healthy individuals].

Purpose: To explore the differences in adverse oral behavior between patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction(ADDWoR) and healthy individuals without temporomandibular disorders(TMD).

Methods: From January to October 2023, a total of 170 patients with clinically confirmed ADDWoR were recruited from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and 165 healthy subjects were recruited as controls during the same period. All subjects completed baseline data survey and Oral Behavior Checklist(OBC).

Selective removal of cesium ions from aqueous solution by different metal (Zn/Ni) hexacyanocobaltate.

Radioactive Cs removal and treatment have attracted widespread attention since the Chernobyl disaster and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant accident. So far, Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) are recognized as the most effective Cs adsorbents possessing excellent sorption ability and radiation resistance. Here, two types of PBA-based Cs adsorbents, potassium zinc hexacyanocobaltate (Zn-Co PBA) and potassium nickel hexacyanocobaltate (Ni-Co PBA), were prepared by chemical precipitation method.

Changes in the craniofacial morphology and hyoid bone position in the neutral and forward head posture in healthy individuals: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Posture assessment is an important part of clinical physical examination. Head posture changes should be considered in the measurement of the craniofacial morphology and hyoid bone position.

Objective: To compare the craniofacial morphology and hyoid bone position in the neutral head posture (NHP) and forward head posture (FHP) in healthy individuals.

Metabolizable and net energy evaluation of corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran in growing male pheasants.

The apparent metabolizable energy(AME), AME corrected to zero-nitrogen retention(AMEn) and net energy (NE) values of corn, soybean meal and wheat bran were determined in growing male pheasants with reference diet substitution method. Reference diet was formulated according to standard Pheasants requirement, and test diets contained 40 % of corn, 20 % of soybean meal and 30 % of the wheat bran samples of thereference diet. Ninety male pheasants at the age of 12 wk with similar body weights were randomly divided into four groups.

Phylogeny and taxonomy of the polyploid species that contain St genome (Triticeae; Poaceae) based on four nuclear DNA and three chloroplast genes.

Background: The genus Pseudoroegneria (Nevski) Á.Löve contributes the St genome for more than 60% of perennial Triticeae species. However, the strong dominant character of the St genome makes it challenging to distinguish each species and/or even genus based on single or combined morphological traits.

High-Dielectric 2D Bismuth Oxides with Large Bandgaps: The Role of 6s Lone Pair Hybridization.

Large-bandgap and high-dielectric 2D dielectrics are crucial for transistor performance because they maximize gate-to-channel capacitive coupling, yet such high-quality materials remain scarce. This study employed first-principles calculations to predict 18 distinct 2D bismuth oxides (BiOs). It is demonstrated that the 6s lone pairs in 2D BiOs form benign positive feedback between the bandgap and dielectric constant.

Current antiviral therapies and promising drug candidates against respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses leading to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children and elderly individuals worldwide. Although significant progress in the prevention and treatment of RSV infection was made in 2023, with two anti-RSV vaccines and one monoclonal antibody approved by the FDA, there is still a lack of postinfection therapeutic drugs in clinical practice, especially for the pediatric population. In recent years, with an increasing understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of RSV, drugs and drug candidates, have shown great potential for clinical application.

Indole-3-Lactic Acid Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Ferroptosis Through Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway.

The clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited due to its cardiotoxicity, which is primarily attributed to its interaction with iron in mitochondria, leading to lipid peroxidation and myocardial ferroptosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota-derived metabolite, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), in mitigating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Cardiac function, pathological changes, and myocardial ferroptosis were assessed in vivo.

State-of-the-art anesthesia practices: a comprehensive review on optimizing patient safety and recovery.

Objective: This review explores recent advancements in anesthesia care, focusing on the integration of innovative practices to enhance patient outcomes across the perioperative period.

Methods: Following the framework of Whitmore and Knafl, we systematically searched six databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, CINAHL, OVID, and Cochrane Library) for studies published from January 2020 to January 2024, relating to advancements in anesthesia care, best practice implementation, and patient outcomes. After independent screening and data extraction by two reviewers, the review focuses on innovations in anesthetic drugs, monitoring technologies, anesthesia techniques, and evidence-based practices in anesthesia and clinical guidelines.

Baicalein attenuates ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis through the activation of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group a member 1.

Baicalein, one of the major active flavonoids found in Scutellaria baicalensis, has been revealed to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties in allergic airway inflammation. This study aimed to explore the role of baicalein and its relevant mechanism in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). The bioinformatics tools were used to predict the targets of baicalein and AR-related genes.

[Evidence mapping of clinical research on traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].

This study systematically retrieved the clinical studies in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and employed evidence mapping to summarize the overall research status and deficiencies of TCM in treating IPF. CNKI, VIP, SinoMed, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMbase were searched for the relevant studies published from inception to February 20, 2024. The distribution characteristics of the evidence were analyzed and presented through charts combined with words.

Modulation mode of amygdala morphology and cognitive function under acute sleep deprivation in healthy male.

The amygdala plays a crucial role in various behavioral functions and psychiatric conditions, with its morphology showing alterations in sleep disorders. While the impact of chronic sleep disorders on amygdala morphology has been studied, the effects of acute sleep deprivation (ASD) remain largely unexplored. The present study aimed to investigate the modulation between amygdala sub-region volumes and spatial working memory (SWM) performance under ASD conditions.

Diagnostic value of dual-layer spectral detector CT parameters for differentiating high- from low-grade bladder cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of spectral parameters of dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (DLCT) in distinguishing between low- and high-grade bladder cancer (BCa).

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included pathologically confirmed BCa patients who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced DLCT. Patients were divided into low- and high-grade groups based on pathology.

Widely Targeted Metabolomics Revealed the Metabolic Basis of Physiological Function and Flavor of Natto.

Natto is a fermented product derived from soybeans through the action of Bacillus subtilis natto, possessing various pharmacological and health-promoting properties. However, due to the absence of large-scale and systematic investigations into its metabolite profile, the mechanisms governing the biological functions and flavor characteristics of natto remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, a comprehensive, widely targeted metabolome analysis was conducted using UHPLC-MS/MS to compare soybeans and natto.

Boron Clusters Escort Doxorubicin Squashing Into Exosomes and Overcome Drug Resistance.

Exosome-based drug delivery holds significant promise for cancer chemotherapy. However, current methods for loading drugs into exosomes are inefficient and cost-prohibitive for practical application. In this study, boron clusters are mixed with doxorubicin (DOX) and exosomes, enabling the efficient encapsulation of DOX into exosomes through a superchaotropic effect.

Reduction of Hepatic Fat Content by Dulaglutide for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: A Two-Centre Open, Single-Arm Trial.

Background: With the elevated level of NAFLD prevalence, the incidence of diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome and other diseases is also significantly elevated. GLP-1RA can exert weight loss, glucose-lowering effects and various nonglycaemic effects. However, the relationship between quantitative reduction in hepatic fat content and improvement of pancreatic islet function by GLP-1RA is unclear.