A Cerium Oxide Loaded Hyaluronic Acid Nanosystem Remits Glucose Oxidative Stress-Induced Odontoblasts Mitochondrial Apoptosis through Regulation of PGAM5 Pathway.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) induced mitochondrial oxidative stress (OS) can lead to severe injury of dental pulp. The cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNP) have been proven to have excellent antioxidative activity. However, whether CNP can relieve dental pulp damage caused by DM and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Lactate improves postoperative cognitive function through attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in aged mice via activating the SIRT1 pathway.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a recognized clinical phenomenon characterized by cognitive impairment in patients following anesthesia and surgery, especially in the elderly. However, the pathogenesis of POCD remains unclear. In the last decades, lactate's neuroprotective properties have been increasingly mentioned.

Extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived stem cell alleviate diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating Chit1/NLRP3/Caspase-1-Mediated pyroptosis.

It is well-established that chronic hyperglycemia progressively destroys the heart structure, weakening function and leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Extracellular vesicles derived from adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC-EVs) have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects, but their role in DCM is still poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of ADSC-EVs on DCM and potential mechanisms.

Personalized progression modelling and prediction in Parkinson's disease with a novel multi-modal graph approach.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuron degeneration, leading to diverse motor and non-motor impairments. This variability complicates accurate progression modelling and early-stage prediction. Traditional classification methods based on clinical symptoms are often limited by disease heterogeneity.

The Effect of α-FeO(0001) Surface Containing Hydroxyl Radicals and Ozone on the Formation Mechanism of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals.

The formation of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) is mediated by the particulate matter's surface, especially transition metal oxide surfaces. In the context of current atmospheric complex pollution, various atmospheric components, such as key atmospheric oxidants ·OH and O, are often absorbed on particulate matter surfaces, forming particulate matter surfaces containing ·OH and O. This, in turn, influences EPFRs formation.

Bio-Inspired Photoelectric Dual-Mode Sensor Based on Photonic Crystals for Human Motion Sensing and Monitoring.

Photoelectric dual-mode sensors, which respond to strain signal through photoelectric dual-signals, hold great promise as wearable sensors in human motion monitoring. In this work, a photoelectric dual-mode sensor based on photonic crystals hydrogel was developed for human joint motion detection. The optical signal of the sensor originated from the structural color of photonic crystals, which was achieved by tuning the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microspheres diameter.

β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase functionalized two-dimensional photonic crystals for quantitative and visual sensing of ketone bodies.

β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a substantial physiological ketone body. Its elevated concentration causes ketoacidosis, which is a disorder with a high mortality rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a simple method for the in-situ monitoring of BHB in urine.

A novel dual-target Septin9 methylation assay for improved detection of early-stage colorectal cancer and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common malignancies in the world, and periodic examination of the patient is advantageous in reducing the mortality of CRC. The first blood-based Septin9 gene methylation assay which recognized by the US FDA for CRC examination was Epi proColon. However, this assay was not broadly applied in the current clinical guideline because of its relatively lower sensitivity in the detection of early-stage CRC.

Fluoride-resistant within cross-kingdom biofilms support growth under fluoride and attenuate the anti-caries effect of fluorine.

Fluoride-resistant () might affect the ecological balance of biofilms in the presence of fluoride. We used a and () cross-kingdom biofilm model to investigate whether fluoride-resistant in biofilms would support growth under fluoride stress and attenuate the anti-caries effect of fluorine. The impact of fluoride-resistant on formation of cross-kingdom biofilms by and in the presence of fluoride was investigated using the crystal violet staining assay.

Unlocking the potential: T1-weighed MRI as a powerful predictor of levodopa response in Parkinson's disease.

Background: The efficacy of levodopa, the most crucial metric for Parkinson's disease diagnosis and treatment, is traditionally gauged through the levodopa challenge test, which lacks a predictive model. This study aims to probe the predictive power of T1-weighted MRI, the most accessible modality for levodopa response.

Methods: This retrospective study used two datasets: from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (219 records) and the external clinical dataset from Ruijin Hospital (217 records).

Online Streaming Video Super-Resolution With Convolutional Look-Up Table.

Online video streaming has fundamental limitations on the transmission bandwidth and computational capacity and super-resolution is a promising potential solution. However, applying existing video super-resolution methods to online streaming is non-trivial. Existing video codecs and streaming protocols (e.

Naked-Eye Visual Thermometer Based on Glycerol─Nonclose-Packed Photonic Crystals for Real-Time Temperature Sensing and Monitoring.

Real-time sensing and monitoring of temperature are of great significance for assessing human health. The sensitivity and stability are inevitable issues for thermometers. In this study, a thermometer with the cylindrical thermochromic hydrogel was prepared for real-time visual monitoring of temperature, which had excellent temperature sensitivity, angle-independence axially, and environmental stability.

Imaging, pathology, and diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor of the pancreas: A case report and review of literature.

Background: A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is often located in the pleura, while SFT of the pancreas is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of SFT of the pancreas and discuss imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Case Summary: A 54-year-old man presented to our hospital with pancreatic occupancy for over a month.

Intracellular Regulation Limits the Response of Intestinal Ferroportin to Iron Status in Suckling Rats.

Scope: Iron status is regulated via iron absorption as there is no active iron excretion. Divalent metal-ion transporter-1 (DMT1) and ferroportin (FPN) are two key proteins vital for iron absorption, but the regulation of them in suckling mammals differs from that in adults. This study aims to explore regulation of iron transporters under different iron conditions during suckling.

Formation Mechanism of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals on Alkaline Earth Oxide Surfaces.

The formation of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) is usually related to transition-metal oxides in particulate matter (PM). However, recent studies suggest that alkaline-earth-metal oxides (AEMOs) in PM also influence EPFRs formation, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here, density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate the formation mechanism of EPFRs by CHOH on AEMO (MgO, CaO, and BaO) surfaces and compare it with that on transition-metal oxide (ZnO and CuO) surfaces.

Disinhibition of hippocampal parvalbumin interneurons on pyramidal neurons participates in LPS-induced cognitive dysfunction.

Background: The vulnerability of hippocampal pyramidal (PY) neurons played a key role in the onset of cognitive impairment. Multiple researches revealed that neuroinflammation together with microglia activation and parvalbumin (PV) interneurons participated in the pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism was still unclear.

Predictive value of remnant-like particle cholesterol in the prediction of long-term AF recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation.

Objective: The relationship between remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) levels and the progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) is not known. This research aimed to explore the association of RLP-C with long-term AF recurrence events post-radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of AF.

Methods: In total 320 patients with AF who were subjected to the first RFCA were included in this research.

Hippocampal estrogens rescued the decline of synaptic plasticity after surgery and anesthesia by inhibiting microglia overactivation.

Background: Elderly patients experience postoperative cognitive impairment frequently; therefore, effective interventions are urgently needed. Central nervous inflammation characterized by microglia may promote the progression of POCD by reducing synaptic plasticity. Notably, clinical studies revealed that the incidence of female patients was significantly lower than that of male patients.

Melatonin-mediated mitophagy protects against long-term impairments after repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposures.

Background: Melatonin is known to have protective effects in aging, neurodegenerative disorders and mitochondria-related diseases, while there is a poor understanding of the effects of melatonin treatment on mitophagy in neonatal cognitive dysfunction after repeated sevoflurane exposures. This study explores the protective effects of melatonin on mitophagy and cognition in developing rats exposed to sevoflurane.

Methods: Postnatal day six (P6) neonatal rats were exposed to 3 % sevoflurane for 2 h daily from P6 to P8.

Comprehensive Metabolite Identification of Genipin in Rats Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Genipin, an aglycone of geniposide, is a rich iridoid component in the fruit of Ellis and has numerous biological activities. However, its metabolic profiles in vivo and vitro remain unclear. In this study, an effective analytical strategy based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) in positive and negative ion modes was developed to analyze and identify genipin metabolites in rat urine, blood, feces, and fecal fermentation in combination with many methods including post-collection data mining methods, high-resolution extracted ion chromatography (HREIC), and multiple mass defect filtering (MMDF).

The Roles of Lipid Metabolism in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases in the Elderly.

Lipid metabolism plays crucial roles in cellular processes such as hormone synthesis, energy production, and fat storage. Older adults are at risk of the dysregulation of lipid metabolism, which is associated with progressive declines in the physiological function of various organs. With advancing age, digestion and absorption commonly change, thereby resulting in decreased nutrient uptake.