J Hand Surg Glob Online
September 2024
Peripheral nerve injuries can be devastating. Although neuropraxic and some axonotmesis injuries will recover spontaneously, nerve repair or reconstruction is required to restore function in high-grade axonotmesis or neurotmesis injuries. The first step of nerve repair or reconstruction is adequate nerve debridement with removal of necrotic and fibrous tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hand Surg Glob Online
July 2024
Metastatic hand tumors are uncommon but important to include in the differential diagnosis for hand masses. In this study, we report the case of a patient presenting initially with hand pain and swelling with no other pertinent medical history except for an extensive smoking history. Subsequent mass biopsy and work-up revealed metastatic lung cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Wrist fractures have increased over the past several decades. The objective of this study was to identify all-cause and sports-related incidence rates of wrist fractures presenting to emergency departments (EDs) in the United States (U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Orthopedic surgery residency programs are some of the least gender-diverse specialty programs in medicine. Despite strong representation at the undergraduate and medical school levels and increased applications to orthopedic surgery residency programs by women, there is still a substantial gender gap at the resident level. This study explores the relationship between the gender diversity of orthopedic surgery residency programs and program rankings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Many distal radius fractures are treated with a volar locking plate, but a minority undergo dorsal bridge plate fixation. This study's primary purpose was to compare therapy utilization following distal radius fractures treated with traditional open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) versus dorsal bridge plate fixation. Secondary outcomes were time to first and last therapy visits and therapy costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To use the top 100 articles pertaining to the shoulder labrum to understand the impact that social medial platforms have on the dissemination of shoulder research and to highlight bibliometric factors associated with Altmetric Attention Scores (AAS) to offer insight into the impact that social media platforms have on the dissemination, attention, and citation of shoulder research publications.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. In January 2023, the Altmetric database was searched using the PubMed Medical Subject Headings terms "shoulder labrum.
Attritional extensor tendon ruptures are common in the setting of arthritis but, to our knowledge, have never previously been reported in the setting of a distal ulna fracture. This case report describes a 56-year-old male patient who sustained a left-hand dog bite resulting in crush injuries to the thumb and ring finger and a minimally displaced distal ulna fracture. The patient initially underwent appropriate surgical intervention for the thumb and finger crush injuries and non-operative management of the distal ulna fracture with splint immobilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) peripheral tears with persistent wrist pain can be treated with arthroscopic surgical repair owing to vascularization of the peripheral region. The safety and efficacy of all-inside repair has been shown in prior case series. The purpose of this study was to compare two methods of arthroscopic peripheral TFCC repair: all-inside vertical mattress and outside-in horizontal mattress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ) dislocation is a rare injury that can disrupt the proximal tibia-fibula joint. The abnormalities in knee x-ray imaging can be subtle and difficult to detect, requiring careful assessment. This rare cause of lateral knee pain requires a high level of suspicion for diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev
March 2023
Introduction: The Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) is a multiple-choice examination developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons annually since 1963 to assess orthopaedic residents' knowledge. This study's purpose is to analyze the 2017 to 2021 OITE trauma questions to aid orthopaedic residents preparing for the examination.
Methods: The 2017 to 2021 OITEs on American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons' ResStudy were retrospectively reviewed to identify trauma questions.
J Hand Surg Glob Online
January 2023
Purpose: Medical cannabis (MC) has been proposed as a potential addition to multimodal pain management regimens in orthopedics. This study evaluates hand and upper-extremity patient perspectives of MC as a treatment for common orthopedic and musculoskeletal pain conditions. This study also aims to identify the proportion of patients already using MC, perceived barriers to MC use, and opinions on insurance coverage and legality of cannabis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The primary study objective was to describe the incidence of osteochondral damage (OD) in our cohort of patients with patellar instability (PI). The secondary objective was to assess for associations between patient demographic characteristics, duration of PI, and quantitative radiographic measurements of anatomic risk factors for PI and OD in this cohort.
Methods: A retrospective chart review identified patients treated for PI at a tertiary referral center between 2013 and 2018.
Background: Suspensory fixation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) grafts has emerged as a popular device for femoral graft fixation. However, improper deployment of the suspensory fixation can compromise proper graft tensioning, leading to failure and revision. Also, soft tissue interposition between the button and bone has been associated with graft migration and pain, occasionally requiring revision surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Significant variation exists in the published rates of return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Functional outcomes and psychological response to injury have been implicated as factors that influence return to sport. Most studies focus on patients aged in the mid-20s, and less is known about this topic in adolescents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe astrocytic response to injury is characterized on the cellular level, but our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling the cellular processes is incomplete. The astrocytic response to injury is similar to wound-healing responses in non-neural tissues that involve epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) and upregulation in ZEB transcription factors. Here we show that injury-induced astrogliosis increases EMT-related genes expression, including Zeb2, and long non-coding RNAs, including Zeb2os, which facilitates ZEB2 protein translation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFG-quadruplexes are pervasive nucleic acid secondary structures in mammalian genomes and transcriptomes that regulate gene expression and genome duplication. Small molecule ligands that modify the stability of G-quadruplexes are widely studied in cancer, but whether G-quadruplex ligands can also be used to manipulate cell function under normal development and homeostatic conditions is largely unexplored. Here we show that two related G-quadruplex ligands (pyridostatin and carboxypyridostatin) can reduce proliferation of adult neural stem cell and progenitor cells derived from the adult mouse subventricular zone both and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Neurobiol
September 2018
Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, and the regulation of its transcription is critical for the specification and maintenance of catecholaminergic neuron phenotypes. For many genes, regulatory genomic DNA sequences that are upstream of the proximal promoter control expression levels as well as region-specific expression patterns. The regulatory architecture of the genomic DNA upstream of the Th proximal promoter, however, is poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdaptation of neural circuits to changes in sensory input can modify several cellular processes within neurons, including neurotransmitter biosynthesis levels. For a subset of olfactory bulb interneurons, activity-dependent changes in GABA are reflected by corresponding changes in () expression levels. Mechanisms regulating promoter activity are poorly understood, but here we show that a conserved G:C-rich region in the mouse proximal promoter region both recruits heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that facilitate transcription and forms single-stranded DNA secondary structures associated with transcriptional repression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropathic pain often develops following nerve injury as a result of maladaptive changes that occur in the injured nerve and along the nociceptive pathways of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms likely account for these changes; however, the exact nature of these mechanisms remain largely unknown. A growing number of studies suggest that alteration in gene expression is an important step in the progression from acute to chronic pain states and epigenetic regulation has been proposed to drive this change in gene expression.
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