The Effects of Parental Absence on Children Development: Evidence from Left-Behind Children in China.

Parental care in early childhood is viewed as one of the most important factors that help foster children's abilities. Using two nationally representative datasets collected in China, this paper examines the effects of parental absence on the short-term in-school outcomes and long-term educational achievement of left-behind children. The results show that parental absence is negatively associated with the development of left-behind children.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on energy metabolism and glutamate level in the peri-infarct area following permanent MCAO.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO2P) on ischemic metabolites and the glutamate level after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). HBO2P was administered: five treatments, one treatment per day. The permanent rabbit MCAO models were induced by a modified transorbital approach.