Perspectives on adhesion and irreversible fouling to delineate mitigation effects of autoinducer-2 mediated quorum quenching on biofouling.

This study systematically investigated the effect of interfering with autoinducer-2 (AI-2) signaling system on controlling initial fouling attachment and irreversible components. Exposure of bacteria to the inhibitor significantly reduced the expression of the luxS gene, which resulted in a 37.3% reduction of AI-2 signaling molecule synthesis.

A Nonviral Approach to Generate Transient Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Using mRNA for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has emerged as a pioneering cancer treatment, achieving unprecedented success in treating certain hematological malignancies such as lymphomas and leukemias. However, as more cancer patients receive CAR-T cell therapies, treatment-associated secondary primary malignancies are increasingly being reported partly due to unexpected CAR transgene insertion, raising serious safety concerns. To address this issue, we describe here a nonviral, non-integrating approach to generate transient CAR-T cells using mRNA.

ZNF451 collaborates with RNF8 to regulate RNF168 localization and amplify ubiquitination signaling to promote DNA damage repair and regulate radiosensitivity.

The ubiquitination of histone H2A/H2AX, catalyzed by RNF8/RNF168, is a crucial step in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), playing a significant role in transmitting and amplifying DNA damage response signals. However, the upstream regulatory mechanisms of RNF168 remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that ZNF451 catalyzes the SUMOylation of RNF168, thereby regulating the ubiquitination of histone H2A/H2AX.

A Deferoxamine-Loaded Microneedle Patch Enhances Healing of Radiation-Induced Skin Injury: Potential Involvement of Ferroptosis.

Radiation-induced skin injury (RSI) presents a significant challenge in wound care due to its complex pathophysiology, which includes increased oxidative stress, impaired angiogenesis, and delayed re-epithelialization. Transcriptomic analysis reveals significant alterations in genes associated with the ferroptosis pathway following radiation exposure. In this study, we introduce microneedles composed of silk fibroin hydrogel loaded with deferoxamine (SF+MNs+DFO) to inhibit ferroptosis.

Impact of dexmedetomidine on agitation and inflammatory response during recovery from anesthesia in young children following cochlear implantation surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on agitation and inflammatory response during recovery from anesthesia in young children following cochlear implantation surgery.

Methods: We randomly divided 80 children who underwent unilateral cochlear implantation into two equal groups. Group D received an intravenous infusion of Dex after induction of anesthesia, while those in group C received an equal volume of saline infusion.

Clinicopathologic features and exploration of new molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced bone injury: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Radiation-induced bone injury (RBI) has a multifaceted mechanism of occurrence, is influenced by various factors, and is difficult to prevent. Clinicopathologic features and manifestations of disease progression were observed in two patients with distinct fractures: one with a left-sided fourth rib fracture after postoperative radiotherapy for lung cancer, and the other with a right-sided intertrochanteric femur fracture following accidental exposure to a Ir radiation source 5 years prior. These two clinical case reports discussed the clinicopathologic features of RBI and disease progression and utilized transcriptome sequencing to explore potential new targets for treating this type of RBI.

Evaluation and prediction of relapse risk in stable systemic lupus erythematosus patients after glucocorticoid withdrawal (PRESS): an open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled study in China.

Objectives: To explore the relapse rate after glucocorticoid (GC) withdrawal with or without hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) maintenance in sustained clinically inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: The PRESS trial is a multicentre, 33-week, open-label, three-arm, non-inferiority designed, randomised controlled trial. SLE patients with sustained clinically inactive disease who maintained on low-dose GC plus HCQ therapy were screened and qualified patients were randomly assigned to three groups: drug-free group (both GC and HCQ withdrew); HCQ group (discontinued GC but maintained HCQ); dual maintenance group (both GC and HCQ continued).

Exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibrolasts mediated ciplatin resistance.

Objective: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a highly invasive form of head and neck cancer, carries a significant risk of distant metastasis. NPC is particularly prevalent in Asia and has a high incidence in southern China. Cisplatin-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP), a chemotherapy agent, is commonly employed in NPC treatment.

Status of sleeping habits and its influence on growth and metabolism of children in Beijing: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Sleep disturbances are associated with poor health outcomes in children. However, the sleep problems that occur in children's growth and metabolism need to be further studied. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of sleep habits on the growth and metabolism in school-aged children.

Phospho-TRIM21 orchestrates RPA2 ubiquitination switch to promote homologous recombination and tumor radio/chemo-resistance.

RPA2, a key component of the RPA complex, is essential for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding and DNA repair. However, the regulation of RPA2-ssDNA interaction and the recruitment of repair proteins following DNA damage remain incompletely understood. Our study uncovers a novel mechanism by which phosphorylated TRIM21 (Phospho-TRIM21) regulates RPA2 ubiquitination, thereby modulating homologous recombination and tumor radio/chemo-resistance.

Chinese Registry of Rheumatoid Arthritis (CREDIT) VI: Temporal Trends in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis and Moderate-To-Severe Disease Activity - A Multicenter Cohort Study of Treatment Strategies and Outcomes.

Aim: The continuous update of international guidelines and enhanced availability of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) have made a significant impact on the diagnosis and treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA). This study aims to systematically evaluate the current treatment strategies and outcomes within a large-scale cohort of patients with ERA.

Methods: Data from the Chinese Registry of Rheumatoid Arthritis (CREDIT), a large multicenter Chinese registry of RA, were collected to analyze temporal trends in clinical profiles, therapeutic strategies, and treatment outcomes among patients with ERA.

Construction of a predictive model for the effectiveness of plastic surgery and repair in patients with facial basal cell carcinoma.

This study aims to identify factors influencing aesthetic outcomes following facial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) plastic surgery to enhance post-operative satisfaction and cosmetic results. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 303 patients who underwent facial BCC plastic surgery between June 2021 and June 2023. Data on demographics, blood tests, SF-12, and Skindex-16 scores were analyzed.

Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: 2024 update.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with destructive arthritis as its main clinical manifestation, which is a major cause of disability. It is very important to formulate and update a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of RA that adhere to international guideline development standards and can be applied to clinical practice in China. This guideline is endorsed and developed by the National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, collaborated with Rheumatologists Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Rheumatology Rehabilitation Branch of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Branch of Chinese Research Hospital Association, and Rheumatology Branch of Beijing Association of Holistic Integrative Medicine, based on grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) and reporting items for practice guidelines in healthcare (RIGHT).

Clinical Significance of Serum MMP-9, S100-β and GFAP in Patients with Mental Disorders after Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Diagnosing psychiatric disorders following craniocerebral trauma primarily depends on clinical symptoms and neuropsychological evaluation, which can be subjective and limited. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), S100 calcium-binding protein β (S100-β), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in post-traumatic mental disorders.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 108 patients with craniocerebral trauma admitted to Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine between January 2021 and December 2023.

Future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus based on CSTAR (XXVIII): the effect of different antiphospholipid antibodies isotypes.

Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffered from an increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this multi-center prospective study, we aimed to determine the association between antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in SLE.

Methods: In total, 1573 SLE patients were recruited based on the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research group (CSTAR) registry.

Risk prediction of new-onset thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a multicenter prospective cohort study based on Chinese SLE treatment and research group (CSTAR) registry.

Background: Thrombocytopenia (TP) is a hematological manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is associated with unfavorable prognostic outcomes. This study aimed to develop a risk prediction model for new-onset TP in SLE patients.

Methods: Based on the multicenter prospective Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) registry, newly diagnosed SLE patients without TP at registration were enrolled.

RRM1 promotes homologous recombination and radio/chemo-sensitivity via enhancing USP11 and E2F1-mediated RAD51AP1 transcription.

Ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1), the catalytic subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, plays a pivotal role in converting ribonucleotides (NTP) into deoxyribonucleotides (dNTP), essential for DNA replication and repair. Elevated RRM1 expression is associated with various human cancers, correlating with poorer prognosis and reduced overall survival rates. Our previous study found that RRM1 will enter the nucleus to promote DNA damage repair.

Spatial resolution enhancement using deep learning improves chest disease diagnosis based on thick slice CT.

CT is crucial for diagnosing chest diseases, with image quality affected by spatial resolution. Thick-slice CT remains prevalent in practice due to cost considerations, yet its coarse spatial resolution may hinder accurate diagnoses. Our multicenter study develops a deep learning synthetic model with Convolutional-Transformer hybrid encoder-decoder architecture for generating thin-slice CT from thick-slice CT on a single center (1576 participants) and access the synthetic CT on three cross-regional centers (1228 participants).

Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus using cross-modal specific transfer fusion technology based on infrared spectra and metabolomics.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Currently, the medical diagnosis of SLE mainly relies on the clinical experience of physicians, and there is no universally accepted objective method for diagnosing SLE. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an intelligent approach to accurately diagnose SLE to assist physicians in formulating appropriate treatment plans.

Predictive model for acute radiation esophagitis in esophageal carcinoma based on prognostic nutritional index and systemic inflammatory index and its application.

Acute radiation esophagitis (ARE) is a common complication in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Therefore, it is important to construct an effective ARE risk-prediction model for clinical treatment. The present study performed a retrospective analysis of 225 patients with esophageal cancer who received radiotherapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Hefei, China) from January 2018 to December 2022.

PFOA/PFOS Facilitated Intestinal Fatty Acid Absorption by Activating the PPARα Pathway: Insights from Organoids Model.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) continue to be extensively present in the natural environment and seriously threaten human health. The intestinal tract is the primary organ of PFOA/PFOS exposure due to the consumption of contaminated food and drinking water. However, it remains unclear how PFOA/PFOS affects intestinal function and overall health.

Unleashing the Power of Cold Atmospheric Plasma: Inducing Mitochondria Damage-Mediated Mitotic Catastrophe.

Despite the promise of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) for cancer treatment, the challenges associated with the treatment of solid tumors and penetration depth limitations remain, restricting its clinical application. Here, biological evidence is provided that the killing effect of CAP treatment is confined to less than 500 µm subcutaneously and the actual biological dose decreased gradually with depth for the first time, indicating that the limited penetration depth has become an urgent problem that demands immediate solutions. Significantly, it is showed that different from high-dose treatments, CAP decreased the doses to the low-dose range but still exhibited anti-tumor effects via mitotic catastrophe.