Altered gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in community-acquired pneumonia: a metagenomic and metabolomic study.

Unlabelled: Emerging evidence suggests that altered gut microbiota is linked to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), but the potential mechanisms by which gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to the development of CAP remain unclear. Fecal samples from 32 CAP patients and 36 healthy controls were analyzed through metagenomic sequencing and metabolomic profiling. The gut microbiota composition in CAP patients showed significant differences and lower diversity compared to healthy controls.

Efficacy and safety of single-dose suraxavir marboxil tablet in the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in adults: a multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of suraxavir marboxil (GP681, abbreviated as suraxavir) in adults with uncomplicated influenza.

Methods: We conducted a multi-centre randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in 18 Chinese centres. Participants had to be aged 18 to 65 years with a positive influenza test, presenting with at least one influenza systemic and respiratory symptom in at least moderate severity within 48 hours of onset.

Analysis of clinical characteristics and mortality risk factors in patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) results in high mortality. 121 cases were included in this study to explore the characteristics and risk factors of CAP patients caused by hypervirulent or resistant KP strains, which were limited reported in previous studies. We found that neither hypervirulent KP nor ESBL-producing KP infections affect mortality (P > 0.

Procalcitonin-guided use of antibiotic in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to analyse the effect and safety of procalcitonin (PCT)-guided antibiotic therapy in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

Methods: We conducted a multicentre, open-label, randomized controlled trial amongst patients hospitalized for AECOPD in six hospitals in China. Enrolled patients were randomly assigned to either the PCT-guided group or the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) strategy-guided group.

Effects of intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced oesophageal cancer.

Purpose: We explored the efficacy and influencing factors of chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 226 locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy alone. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyse the impact of relevant factors.

Analyzing lung cancer risks in patients with impaired pulmonary function through characterization of gut microbiome and metabolites.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide, there is growing studies confirm the role of impaired lung function in LC susceptibility. Moreover, gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with LC severity. Whether alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites are associated with long-term lung dysfunction in LC patients remain unclear.

Characterizing microbiota and metabolomics analysis to identify candidate biomarkers in lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading malignant disease and cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Most patients with lung cancer had insignificant early symptoms so that most of them were diagnosed at an advanced stage. In addition to factors such as smoking, pollution, lung microbiome and its metabolites play vital roles in the development of lung cancer.

Prognostic Factors for Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia: Results from the CAP-China Network.

Background: Limited data were available about the burden of cardiovascular events (CVEs) during hospitalization in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The aim was to assess the incidence, characteristics, predictive factors and outcomes of CVEs in elderly patients with CAP during hospitalization.

Methods: This study was a multicenter, retrospective research on hospitalized elderly patients with CAP from the CAP-China network.

Myelitis: A Common Complication of Tuberculous Meningitis Predicting Poor Outcome.

Background: Myelitis is an important complication in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). However, a paucity of publications exists on the spectrum of neurological and MRI findings of TBM-related myelitis. The risk factors and prognosis of myelitis in patients with TBM are not fully understood.

Concurrent pigeon paramyxovirus-1 and infection in a fatal case of pneumonia.

Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1), an antigenic variant of avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1), mainly infects pigeons. PPMV-1 genotype VI is the dominant genotype infecting pigeons in China. Human infection of avian paramyxovirus was rarely reported, and usually developed mild symptoms, such as conjunctivitis.

Sirolimus combined with oseltamivir and corticosteroid treatment for a puerpera with severe pneumonia caused by 2009 pandemic H1N1: A case report.

Severe pneumonia in patients infected with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) virus was partially attributed to excessive immune response. Anti-virus treatment for these patients was insufficient. Here we reported the therapy effect of sirolimus, an immunosuppressor, combined with oseltamivir and corticosteroid for a puerpera with severe pneumonia caused by pH1N1 virus.

Cost Effectiveness of Different Initial Antimicrobial Regimens for Elderly Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients in General Ward.

Purpose: The cost-effectiveness of different guideline-concordant antimicrobial regimens for elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was rarely discussed. This study attempts to explore the most appropriate cost-effectiveness of guideline-concordant antimicrobial regimen for elderly patients with CAP in general wards.

Patients And Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective, 4:2:1 matched study enrolling 511 elderly patients with CAP hospitalized in general wards.

Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a case report and literature review.

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare condition that occurs mainly in premenopausal women and is characterized most commonly by pulmonary metastases. Here, we report the case of a 45-year-old woman who presented with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules on chest examination during a health checkup 13 years after myomectomy. This patient has a normal menstrual cycle, moderate anemia, and no obvious respiratory symptoms.

Disease burden and prognostic factors for clinical failure in elderly community acquired pneumonia patients.

Background: The study was to evaluate initial antimicrobial regimen and clinical outcomes and to explore risk factors for clinical failure (CF) in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Methods: 3011 hospitalized elderly patients were enrolled from 13 national teaching hospitals between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2014 initiated by the CAP-China network. Risk factors for CF were screened by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Effects of age, comorbidity and adherence to current antimicrobial guidelines on mortality in hospitalized elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Limited information exists on the clinical characteristics predictive of mortality in patients aged ≥65 years in many countries. The impact of adherence to current antimicrobial guidelines on the mortality of hospitalized elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has never been assessed.

Methods: A total of 3131 patients aged ≥65 years were enrolled from a multi-center, retrospective, observational study initiated by the CAP-China network.

Disease characteristics and management of hospitalised adolescents and adults with community-acquired pneumonia in China: a retrospective multicentre survey.

Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics and management of patients hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in China.

Design: This was a multicentre, retrospective, observational study.

Setting: 13 teaching hospitals in northern, central and southern China from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 PARTICIPANTS: Information on hospitalised patients aged ≥14 years with radiographically confirmed pneumonia with illness onset in the community was collected using standard case report forms.

CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism contributes to lung cancer susceptibility among lung squamous carcinoma and smokers: a meta-analysis.

Many studies have examined the association between the CYP1A1 Ile462Val gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, a meta-analysis was performed. Ultimately, 43 case-control studies, comprising 19,228 subjects were included.

CYP1A1 MspI polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis involving 20,209 subjects.

Published data describing the association between CYP1A1 MspI gene polymorphism and lung cancer risk are inconclusive. To determine a more conclusive relationship, we performed an updated meta-analysis of all eligible studies and conducted the subgroup analysis by stratification according to the ethnicity source, histological types of lung cancer, gender and smoking status of case and control populations. A total of 51 studies comprising 20,209 subjects were included in the analysis.

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) is a common cause of acute respiratory infection and has been hypothesised to cause several chronic diseases, including lung cancer. Numbers studies were conducted to analyse the association between C.