New perspective, more rational decoupling: A case study of China.

Scholars usually unconsciously employ the Tapio decoupling model with a static perspective and results-oriented philosophy, which often leads to errors. Therefore, we propose an improved Tapio decoupling model that adopts a dynamic perspective and process-oriented philosophy. Taking China, the world's largest carbon emitter, as a case study, we investigate the decoupling of its provincial industrial carbon emissions (ICE) from industrial value-added (IVA) during 2005-2020 using both the conventional and improved decoupling model, followed by a comparative analysis of their results.

Is the boom in staple crop production attributed to expanded cropland or improved yield? A comparative analysis between China and India.

The characteristics of cropland development and the dynamics of food production in China and India, the world's largest agricultural and most populous countries, are of great importance to global food security. However, there is a notable lack of a thorough comparison between China and India in this regard. Here, we systematically compare the differences between China and India using cropping intensity and crop production data, including cropland area, harvested area, total staple crop (i.

[Prediction of Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Cultivated Soil Based on Multi-source Auxiliary Variables and Random Forest Model].

Spatial prediction of the concentrations of soil heavy metals (HMs) in cultivated land is critical for monitoring cultivated land contamination and ensuring sustainable eco-agriculture. In this study, 32 environmental variables from terrain, climate, soil attributes, remote-sensing information, vegetation indices, and anthropogenic activities were used as auxiliary variables, and random forest (RF), regression Kriging (RK), ordinary Kriging (OK), and multiple linear regression (MLR) models were proposed to predict the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in cultivated soils. In comparison to those of RK, OK, and MLR, the RF model had the best prediction performance for As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, and Zn, whereas the OK and RK models had highest prediction performance for Cu and Ni, respectively, showing that was the highest, and mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were the lowest.

[Effects of Supplementation of Different Amendments on Soil Heavy Metals and Enzyme Activities in Coastal Saline Land].

The supplementation of soil amendments may not only improve the soil physical and chemical properties but also lead to the accumulation of heavy metals in soil. This experiment included six treatments:control (CK), organic manure (OM), polyacrylamide+organic manure (PAM+OM), straw mulching+organic manure (SM+OM), buried straw+organic manure (BS+OM), and bio-organic manure+organic manure (BM+OM) to explore the effects of different soil amendments on heavy metals and soil enzyme activities in coastal saline land and the relationship between them. The results revealed that compared with that in the CK treatment, the contents of soil Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb exhibited an upward trend after the supplementation of soil amendments, among which the SM+OM and PAM+OM treatments had the most significant effects on the contents of soil Cr and Cu, respectively, whereas the BM+OM treatment had the most significant effects on the contents of soil Ni and Pb.

Analysis on the changes of fertilization intensity and efficiency in China's grain production from 1980 to 2019.

Background: Relieving serious non-point source pollution of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) is an urgent task in China. It is necessary to explore the changing characteristics of chemical fertilization intensity (FI) and efficiency to provide references. A new method of 'relative productivity proportion weight', which was simpler than data envelope analysis, was proposed to construct models of fertilizer allocation efficiency (FAE) and chemical fertilizer integrated efficiency (FIE) by considering NPK multi-inputs and the grain output scale, respectively.

[Spatial Heterogeneity of PM Concentration in Response to Land Use/Cover Conversion in the Yangtze River Delta Region].

The sustainable management direction of PM concentrations in the Yangtze River Delta region remains unclear due to regional spatial effects. This study combined the random forest model, spatial econometric model, and multi-scale geographically weighted regression model (MGWR) to explore the multi-scale spatial response of PM concentration to land use/cover conversion. The results show that:① PM concentrations in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2000 to 2018 showed four types of spatial-temporal patterns of spatially continuous aggregation, with strong regional synchronous changes.

Quantifying ecosystem service mismatches for land use planning: spatial-temporal characteristics and novel approach-a case study in Jiangsu Province, China.

Land use and land cover changes associated with urbanization have had a significant influence on ecosystem services (ESs), but previous studies have insufficiently focused on the relationships between ES supply and demand; these relationships are seldom considered in the science-policy frameworks of land use planning. In this study, a specific supply-demand indicator was constructed to measure ES supply and demand and their disparity across multiple scales in Jiangsu Province from 2000 to 2018. High spatial heterogeneity and mismatches of ES supply and demand were found in water yield, grain production, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, heat regulation, and recreation services.

Comparison of fertilizer use efficiency in grain production between developing countries and developed countries.

Background: The investigation of chemical fertilization intensity (FI) and efficiency can provide basal data for decision-making in food production and environmental impact assessments of fertilization. The present study aimed to compare trends of the FI and efficiency during 1961-2018 in developed and developing countries using a simple method.

Results: The FI in China increased rapidly from approximately 5 kg ha in 1961 to the highest value of 282 kg ha in 2014, and then decreased to approximately 231 kg ha in 2018.

Differential effects of various reclamation treatments on soil characteristics: an experimental study of newly reclaimed tidal mudflats on the east China coast.

Reclamation of coastal land is increasingly being used as a means of raising agricultural productivity and improving food security in China. Applications of organic and inorganic supplements on reclaimed soils can significantly adjust a range of soil properties, C, N, P content and stoichiometry, and extracellular enzyme activities. However, the linkages between soil C꞉N꞉P stoichiometry and extracellular enzyme activities following reclamation of coastal saline soil remain largely unclear.

[Impacts of Spartina alterniflora invasion on coastal wetland ecosystem: Advances and prospects].

Coastal wetland, affected by the interaction of land and marine ecosystems, is a typical fragile and sensitive zone. Spartina alterniflora is the most successful invasive species in global coastal zone, with important impact on coastal wetland ecosystems. We systematically summarized available literature, and reviewed the effects of S.

Enrichment, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Soil Potentially Harmful Elements Associated with Different Land Use in Coastal Tidelands Reclamation Area, Eastern China.

Coastal tidelands are important ecological habitat resources and valuable resources for agricultural land reclamation. Enrichment of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in soil caused by anthropogenic activity is an important factor implicated in the ecological deterioration of soil in China. A total of 54 soil sample sites were selected from a 30-year reclaimed tideland and an adjoining coastal wetland.

Coastal Landscape Vulnerability Analysis in Eastern China-Based on Land-Use Change in Jiangsu Province.

The unreasonable land use in rapid urbanization areas induced by large-scale urban construction activities have caused massive ecological issues. In this study, landscape vulnerability index () and landscape human interference index () were originally addressed and calculated using multi-temporal land-use data from 2000 to 2015. Then, the spatial-temporal relationship assessment model of landscape fragility caused by human activities were constructed for each county of Jiangsu Province, China, so as to analyze the spatial distribution of landscape vulnerability and determine the impacts of artificial disturbance on landscape vulnerability.

[Assessment of Soil Quality in Coastal Tidal Flat Reclamation Areas Based on MDS-TOPSIS Model].

Investigating the change of soil quality during reclamation can provide scientific guidance for desalinization, fertilization, etc. Soil samples were collected from natural tidal flat areas (0 years) and coastal tidal flat reclamation areas with different reclamation years (5, 30, 38, and 61 years) to assess the changes in soil quality after 60 years of reclamation. Soil quality was evaluated using a soil quality index (SQI), which was calculated by the selected minimum data set (MDS) and TOPSIS method.

[Response of Soil Enzyme Activities and Their Relationships with Physicochemical Properties to Different Aged Coastal Reclamation Areas, Eastern China].

Land reclamation transforms a tidal flat from a marine ecosystem to terrestrial ecosystem, which significantly changes the soil ecosystem process, affecting the soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme is involved in almost all soil biochemical processes. Clarifying the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities can reveal the changes of soil quality after reclamation and provide a theoretical basis for the scientific regulation of the soil ecosystem.

Assessment of Urban Ecosystem Health Based on Matter Element Analysis: A Case Study of 13 Cities in Jiangsu Province, China.

Urban public health is an important global issue and receives public concern. The urban ecosystem health (UEH) indicator system was constructed with 27 assessment indicators selected from vigor, organization, resilience, service function, and population health, then the matter element analysis (MEA) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) weighting method were used to assess the UEH of each city in Jiangsu Province during the period of 2000-2014. The results show that the overall ecosystem health status of each city shows continuous improvement.

Response of soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities to long-term reclamation of coastal saline soil, Eastern China.

Soil enzyme activity during different years of reclamation and land use patterns could indicate changes in soil quality. The objective of this research is to explore the dynamics of 5 soil enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, amylase, urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase) involved in C, N, and P cycling and their responses to changes in soil physicochemical properties resulting from long-term reclamation of coastal saline soil. Soil samples from a total of 55 sites were collected from a coastal reclamation area with different years of reclamation (0, 7, 32, 40, 63a) in this study.

Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in the Coastal Area of Mid-Eastern China.

Soils play an important role in sequestrating atmospheric CO₂. Coastal tidal flats have been intensively reclaimed for food security and living spaces worldwide. We aimed to identify the changes of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) following coastal reclamation and their spatial variation in the coastal area of mid-Eastern China to provide information for coastal cropland management.

Landscape ecological security response to land use change in the tidal flat reclamation zone, China.

As coastal development becomes a national strategy in Eastern China, land use and landscape patterns have been affected by reclamation projects. In this study, taking Rudong County, China as a typical area, we analyzed land use change and its landscape ecological security responses in the tidal flat reclamation zone. The results show that land use change in the tidal flat reclamation zone is characterized by the replacement of natural tidal flat with agricultural and construction land, which has also led to a big change in landscape patterns.

The impact of urban land expansion on soil quality in rapidly urbanizing regions in China: Kunshan as a case study.

At a stage of rapid economic development and urbanization in China, most cities are faced with serious problems caused by environment deterioration such as pollution, space press, afforestation degradation, and disordering. Kunshan City, one of the most economically vigorous regions in China, has suffered a more prominent conflict between urbanization and environmental safety. In this paper, urban land expansion in Kunshan City in the Yangtze River Delta was measured with reference to the Landsat data recorded in 1982, 1991, 1995, and 2003 and change in land-use pattern in 1981, 1991, 1995, and 2004 as well as that in nutrients in soils of different purposes between the periods were analyzed to study the effect of urban land-use expansion on soil characteristics.