Green DES-mediated preparation of the rose-shaped S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst (β-BiO/BiO)/TiO to boost antibiotics degradation.

Here, the rose-shaped S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst (β-BiO/BiO)/TiO was successfully prepared by a new, green and simple deep eutectic solvent-mediated strategy, which not only exhibits exceptional photocatalytic activity for tetracycline degradation, but also displays good stability, excellent universality and superior hydrogen evolution activity.

The mediating effect of clinical belongingness on the relationship between anxiety and professional identity in nursing interns: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Previous studies have reported that anxiety negatively affects professional identity (PI), and clinical belongingness is positively correlated with PI among nursing interns. However, little is known about the relationship between anxiety, PI, and clinical belongingness among nursing interns.

Objective: To explore the relationship between PI, clinical belongingness, and anxiety among nursing interns, and to demonstrate the mediating role of clinical belongingness in this relationship.

Gut bacteria Prevotellaceae related lithocholic acid metabolism promotes colonic inflammation.

Background: The conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids by the gut microbiota has been implicated in colonic inflammation. This study investigated the role of gut microbiota related bile acid metabolism in colonic inflammation in both patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

Methods: Bile acids in fecal samples from patients with IBD and DSS-induced colitis mice, with and without antibiotic treatment, were analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).

A Facile Approach to Tetracyclic Indolines: Highly Diastereoselective [4+2] Annulation of Indoles with Bicyclic N-Substituted Cyclobutanes.

A new stereoselective [4+2] annulation method for constructing tetracyclic indolines by reacting indoles with bicyclic N-substituted cyclobutanes has been developed. Using Sc(OTf) as a catalyst, a series of tetracyclic indolines with four continued stereogenic carbon centers have been obtained in ≤86% yields as single diastereomers. This reaction offers an accessible way for the rapid construction of the core structures of biologically active natural products like paucidirinine, deethylibophyllidine, and ibophyllidine.

Auto-Rad: End-to-End Report Generation from Lumber Spine MRI Using Vision-Language Model.

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a major cause of chronic lower back and leg pain, and is traditionally diagnosed through labor-intensive analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans by radiologists. This study aims to streamline the diagnostic process by developing an automated radiology report generation (ARRG) system using a vision-language (VL) model. We utilized a Generative Image-to-Text (GIT) model, originally designed for visual question answering (VQA) and image captioning.

Imperfect gold standard gene sets yield inaccurate evaluation of causal gene identification methods.

Causal gene discovery methods are often evaluated using reference sets of causal genes, which are treated as gold standards (GS) for the purposes of evaluation. However, evaluation methods typically treat genes not in the GS positive set as known negatives rather than unknowns. This leads to inaccurate estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and AUC.

Interfacial behaviour of short-chain fluorocarbon surfactants at the n-hexane/water interface: a molecular dynamics study.

The utilization of long-chain fluorocarbon surfactants is restricted due to environmental regulations, prompting a shift in the focus of research towards short-chain fluorocarbon surfactants. The present study employs molecular dynamics techniques to model the behaviour of potassium perfluorobutylsulfonate (PFBS) at the n-hexane/water interface, aiming to investigate the efficacy of short-chain fluorocarbon surfactants in enhancing oil recovery. The findings suggest that ionized PFBS has the ability to autonomously migrate to the oil/water interface, forming a layered thin film, with the sulfonic acid group being submerged in water, while the fluorocarbon chain is oriented towards the oil phase.

Copper Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation Reaction of Exocyclic Sulfonyl Enamides for the Synthesis of N,O-Spiroketal and Spiroketal.

A copper-catalyzed [3+2] annulation reaction of exocyclic enamines/enol ethers with 1,4-benzoquinone esters has been developed, providing facile access to N,O-spiroketals and spiroketals under mild conditions with broad substrate scope (26 examples, 71-94 % yields). Gram scale synthesis and chemical transformations demonstrated that this method is potentially useful in the synthesis of natural products and drugs containing a N,O- spiroketal moiety. The chiral N,O-spiroketal could be obtained with 98 % ee after recrystallization, when a chiral SaBOX ligand was employed.

"Turn-on" and pinhole-free ultrathin core-shell Au@SiO nanoparticle-based metal-enhanced fluorescent (MEF) chemodosimeter for Hg.

This study reports a metal-enhanced fluorescence chemodosimeter for highly sensitive detection of Hg ions. Silica-coated Au nanoparticles (Au@SiO NPs) with a pinhole-free 4-5 nm shell were synthesized and functionalized with a monolayer of turn-on fluorescent probes. Compared to other organic fluorescent probes suffering from poor biocompatibility and detection limits, this design of a monolayer of turn-on fluorescent probes immobilized on the Au@SiO NPs with a pinhole-free 4-5 nm shell avoids fluorescence quenching and allows the fluorescent probe within the field of the inner Au NPs to experience metal-enhanced fluorescence.

Effect of screening colonoscopy frequency on colorectal cancer mortality in patients with a family history of colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China, and its incidence in the elderly is increasing annually. Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic non-specific intestinal inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Aim: To assess the effect of screening colonoscopy frequency on colorectal cancer mortality.

Predicting environmental impacts of smallholder wheat production by coupling life cycle assessment and machine learning.

Wheat grain production is a vital component of the food supply produced by smallholder farms but faces significant threats from climate change. This study evaluated eight environmental impacts of wheat production using life cycle assessment based on survey data from 274 households, then built random forest models with 21 input features to contrast the environmental responses of different farming practices across three shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), spanning from 2024 to 2100. The results indicate significant environmental repercussions.

Automated pancreatic segmentation and fat fraction evaluation based on a self-supervised transfer learning network.

Accurate segmentation of the pancreas from abdominal computed tomography (CT) images is challenging but essential for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic disorders such as tumours and diabetes. In this study, a dataset with 229 sets of high-resolution CT images was generated and annotated. We proposed a novel 3D segmentation model named nnTransfer (nonisomorphic transfer learning) net, which employs generative model structure for self-supervision to facilitate the network's learning of image attributes from unlabelled data.

Preoperative Grading of Rectal Cancer with Multiple DWI Models, DWI-Derived Biological Markers, and Machine Learning Classifiers.

this study aimed to utilize various diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques, including mono-exponential DWI, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), for the preoperative grading of rectal cancer. 85 patients with rectal cancer were enrolled in this study. Mann-Whitney U tests or independent Student's -tests were conducted to identify DWI-derived parameters that exhibited significant differences.

Computed tomographic imaging features to differentiate gastric schwannomas from gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a matched case-control study.

To investigate clinical data and computed tomographic (CT) imaging features in differentiating gastric schwannomas (GSs) from gastric stromal tumours (GISTs) in matched patients, 31 patients with GSs were matched with 62 patients with GISTs (1:2) in sex, age, and tumour site. The clinical and imaging data were analysed. A significant (P < 0.

Diagnostic Accuracy of CT-Guided Percutaneous Pulmonary Biopsy for Distinguishing Benign and Malignant Solitary Pulmonary Nodules.

Background: Isolated pulmonary nodules (SPNs) are small, circular lesions within lung tissue, often challenging to diagnose due to their size and lack of typical imaging features. Timely diagnosis is crucial for treatment decisions. However, the difficulty in qualitative diagnosis necessitates clinical biopsies.

A signature based on neutrophil extracellular trap-related genes for the assessment of prognosis, immunoinfiltration, mutation and therapeutic response in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Liver cancer is a highly lethal and aggressive form of cancer that poses a significant threat to patient survival. Within this category, liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) represents the most common subtype of liver cancer. Despite decades of research and treatment, the overall survival rate for LIHC has not significantly improved.

Kawasaki disease with peritonsillar abscess as the first symptom: A case report.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD), also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is an acute, self-limiting vasculitis of unknown aetiology that mainly involves the medium and small arteries and can lead to serious cardiovascular complications, with a 25% incidence of coronary artery aneurysms. Periton-Sillar abscesses are a rare symptom of KD and is easily misdiagnosed at its early stages.

Case Summary: A 5-year-old boy who presented to a community hospital with a 3-d fever, difficulty in opening his mouth, and neck pain and was originally treated for throat infection without improvement.

Sophoricoside attenuates autoimmune‑mediated liver injury through the regulation of oxidative stress and the NF‑κB signaling pathway.

The prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is increasing, yet specific pharmacotherapies remain to be explored. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of sophoricoside (SOP), a bioactive component of medical herbs, on AIH and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Bioinformatic approaches were used to predict the potential targets and underlying regulatory mechanisms of SOP on AIH.

Insights into Stereoselectivity Switch in Michael Addition-Initiated Tandem Mannich Cyclizations and Their Extension from Enamines to Vinyl Ethers.

Both - and - tetracyclic spiroindolines are the core of many important biologically active indole alkaloids, but the divergent synthesis of these important motifs is largely hampered by the limited stereoselectivity control. A facile stereoinversion protocol is reported here in Michael addition-initiated tandem Mannich cyclizations for constructing tetracyclic spiroindolines, providing an easy access to two diastereoisomeric cores of monoterpene indole alkaloids with high selectivity. The mechanistic studies including in situ NMR experiments, control experiments, and DFT calculations reveal that the reaction undergoes a unique retro-Mannich/re-Mannich rearrangement including a C-C bond cleavage that is very rare for a saturated six-membered carbocycle.

Influence factors and nomogram for volume reduction rate in benign thyroid nodule after thermal ablation.

Background: Thermal ablation is a minimally invasive and safe treatment for benign thyroid nodules, and the volume reduction rate (VRR) of nodule is a primary clinical efficacy indicator.

Purpose: To screen factors influencing VRR in benign thyroid nodules after thermal ablation and establish a predictable nomogram.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 238 patients with benign thyroid nodules who underwent thermal ablation between January 2016 and September 2021.

Automatic right ventricular segmentation for cine cardiac magnetic resonance images based on a new deep atlas network.

Background: The high morbidity and mortality of heart disease present a significant threat to human health. The development of methods for the quick and accurate diagnosis of heart diseases, enabling their effective treatment, has become a key issue of concern. Right ventricular (RV) segmentation from cine cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images plays a significant role in evaluating cardiac function for clinical diagnosis and prognosis.

Computed tomography features of gastric leiomyoma versus gastric stromal tumor: a case-control study with propensity score matching.

Objective: To differentiate gastric leiomyomas (GLs) and gastric stromal tumors (GSTs) based on preoperative enhanced computed tomography characteristics.

Methods: Twenty-six pathologically confirmed GLs were propensity score-matched to 26 GSTs in a 1:1 ratio based on sex, age, tumor site, and tumor size. Tumor shape and contour, mucosal ulceration, growth pattern, enhancement pattern and degree, longest diameter, and longest diameter/vertical diameter ratio were compared between the groups.

A comparison of the use of contrast media with different iodine concentrations for enhanced computed tomography.

In this study, we compared the enhancement of blood vessels and liver parenchyma on enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the upper abdomen with two concentrations of contrast media (400 and 300 mg I/mL) based on similar iodine delivery rate (IDR) of 0.88 and 0.9 g I/s and iodine load of 450 mg I/kg.