Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate diet-induced obesity by activating thermogenesis and alleviating inflammation in adipose tissue.

Obesity and its related metabolic disorders seriously threaten our health and significantly reduce our life expectancy. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mice. The results demonstrated that BMSCs significantly reduced body weight, improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese mice.

GalNAc-Conjugated siRNA Targeting Complement C3 Inhibits Osteoclast Activation in Periodontitis.

Objective: The complement cascade plays an important role in the inflammation amplification and tissue destruction of periodontitis. Importantly, complement C3 was proved to be the central element of complement cascade. Thus, targeting inhibition of C3 has become one of the focuses of treatment method development and exploration.

Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Cannabis sativa fruit (Cannabis Fructus).

Cannabis sativa fruit (Cannabis Fructus) refers to the dried and ripe fruit of Cannabis sativa L. It is widely distributed in the northeast, North, and South China. It has medicinal, ecological, and economic values.

Correlation of Blood and Intestinal Mucosa miR-34a Expressions with Disease Severity in Ulcerative Colitis Patients.

Background: miR-34a has been implicated in many autoimmune diseases and gastrointestinal diseases. However, the expression of miR-34 in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients were not fully studied. This study was performed to in-vestigate the association of blood and intestinal tissue miR-34a expression of patients with disease severity in UC patients.

Porphyromonas gingivalis aggravates colitis via a gut microbiota-linoleic acid metabolism-Th17/Treg cell balance axis.

Periodontitis is closely related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). An excessive and non-self-limiting immune response to the dysbiotic microbiome characterizes the two. However, the underlying mechanisms that overlap still need to be clarified.

Fructose Potentiates Bone Loss and Marrow Adipose Tissue Accumulation by Inhibiting Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Increased fructose consumption has been elucidated to contribute to metabolic diseases. Bone is a dynamic organ that undergoes constant remodeling. However, the effects of fructose on bone health are still in dispute.

Reuterin isolated from the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri promotes periodontal tissue regeneration by inhibiting Cx43-mediated the intercellular transmission of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of reuterin, a bioactive isolated from the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) on periodontal tissue regeneration, and provide a new strategy for periodontitis treatment in the future.

Background: Data discussing the present state of the field: Probiotics are essential for maintaining oral microecological balance.

Purpurolide C-based microneedle promotes macrophage-mediated diabetic wound healing inhibiting TLR4-MD2 dimerization and MYD88 phosphorylation.

Delayed wound healing in diabetes is a global challenge, and the development of related drugs is a clinical problem to be solved. In this study, purpurolide C (PC), a small-molecule secondary metabolite of the endophytic fungus , was found to promote diabetic wound healing. To investigate the key regulation targets of PC, RNA-seq, molecular docking calculations, TLR4-MD2 dimerization SDS-PAGE detection, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) were performed, indicating that PC inhibited inflammatory macrophage activation by inhibiting both TLR4-MD2 dimerization and MYD88 phosphorylation.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived apoptotic bodies alleviate alveolar bone destruction by regulating osteoclast differentiation and function.

Periodontitis is caused by overactive osteoclast activity that results in the loss of periodontal supporting tissue and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential for periodontal regeneration. However, the hypoxic periodontal microenvironment during periodontitis induces the apoptosis of MSCs. Apoptotic bodies (ABs) are the major product of apoptotic cells and have been attracting increased attention as potential mediators for periodontitis treatment, thus we investigated the effects of ABs derived from MSCs on periodontitis.

Macrophage-derived apoptotic bodies impair the osteogenic ability of osteoblasts in periodontitis.

Objectives: Periodontitis is induced by the imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity, which leads to periodontal tissue destruction. Macrophages play a vital role in periodontitis. However, the hypoxic periodontal environment will also induce macrophage apoptosis within a short time.

The bidirectional effect of neutrophils on periodontitis model in mice: A systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate the regulatory role of neutrophils as the first line of host immune defense in the periodontal microenvironment of mice.

Methods: A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases for articles published between 2012 and 2023. In this review, articles investigating the effect of neutrophils on alveolar bone resorption in a mouse model of periodontitis were selected and evaluated according to eligibility criteria.

Inequalities and mental health during the Coronavirus pandemic in the UK: a mixed-methods exploration.

Background: The World Health Organisation declared the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a global pandemic on 11th March 2020. Since then, the world has been firmly in its grip. At the time of writing, there were more than 767,972,961 million confirmed cases and over 6,950,655 million deaths.

The impacts of oral and gut microbiota on alveolar bone loss in periodontitis.

Periodontitis, a chronic infectious disease, primarily arises from infections and the invasion of periodontal pathogens. This condition is typified by alveolar bone loss resulting from host immune responses and inflammatory reactions. Periodontal pathogens trigger aberrant inflammatory reactions within periodontal tissues, thereby exacerbating the progression of periodontitis.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus inhibits osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the TLR2/NF-κB pathway.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of ultrasonicated Lactobacillus rhamnosus extract in osteoclast differentiation and its underlying mechanism, providing new strategies for the treatment of periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: Osteoclasts were induced using macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand. Lactobacillus rhamnosus extracts were obtained via ultrasonic crushing and ultracentrifugation.

Stevioside reduces inflammation in periodontitis by changing the oral bacterial composition and inhibiting P. gingivalis in mice.

Background: Excessive sugar intake has become a major challenge in modern societies. Stevioside is a promising non-calorie sweetener with anti-inflammatory effects; however, its effects on the oral environment and periodontitis remain unclear. Therefore, this study explores the effect of stevioside on periodontitis in mice.

Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aging Progress via the Calcineurin-NFAT Signaling Pathway.

Aging is a gradual process that is coupled with a decline in the regenerative capacity of stem cells and a subsequent reduction in tissue function and repair. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in maintaining the function of stem cells. The present study aimed to investigate the role of H2S in mesenchymal stem cell aging and the underlying mechanism and to provide novel insights into stem cell therapies in elderly people.

Liver macrophages show an immunotolerance phenotype in nonalcoholic fatty liver combined with -lipopolysaccharide infection.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the functions and potential regulatory targets of local macrophages in nonalcoholic fatty liver combined with ()infection.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to analyze the phenotypes and functional changes in various cells in the liver tissue of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice fed with . Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunofluorescence staining were applied to observe the inflammation and expression levels of macrophage antigen presenting functional markers in the NASH liver.

The effect of the Litcubanine A on the treatment of murine experimental periodontitis by inhibiting monocyte-macrophage chemotaxis and osteoclast differentiation.

Background: Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues that is closely connected with systemic diseases. During periodontitis, the inappropriate recruitment and activation of monocytes-macrophages causes an increase in osteoclast activity and disrupts bone homeostasis. Therefore, it is a promising therapeutic strategy to treat periodontitis by regulating the functions of monocytes-macrophages.