Resveratrol in animal models of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer: A systematic review with machine learning.

Background: Resveratrol (RES), a common type of plant polyphenols, has demonstrated promising therapeutic efficacy and safety in animal models of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. However, a comprehensive analysis of these data is currently unavailable. This study aimed to systematically review the preclinical evidence regarding RES's effects on animal models of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer via meta-analyses and optimised machine learning techniques.

Pentraxin3 exacerbates acute pancreatitis injury by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation pathway.

Local pancreatic necrosis and systemic inflammatory response caused by acute pancreatitis (AP) are closely related to the disease prognosis and severity. This study aimed to explore whether pentraxin 3 (PTX3) regulates AP pancreatic necrosis and reveals the underlying mechanism. By using AP time gradient transcriptomics, proteomics and liquid phase chip analysis, we found a close association between PTX3 and AP.

Traditional Chinese medicine Chaiqinchengqi decoction for patients with acute pancreatitis: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Chaiqinchengqi decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown promising effects in in vitro, animal and preliminary small human studies for acute pancreatitis, but evidence of clinical practice is limited.

Purpose: To investigate whether Chaiqinchengqi decoction could improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Study Design: Prospective, pragmatic, randomized controlled trial.

Efficacy and safety of Chinese tonic medicines for treating sepsis or septic shock: a protocol for a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction with high morbidity and mortality. Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Chinese tonic medicines (CTMs) in treating sepsis or septic shock. However, trials directly comparing the efficacy and safety of different CTMs for sepsis or septic shock are still lacking.

Comparative efficacy of Chinese tonic medicines for treating sepsis or septic shock: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Sepsis or septic shock is a life-threatening medical emergency with a poor prognosis and a high economic burden for both individuals and healthcare resources. Evidence suggests that Chinese tonic medicines (CTMs), as adjuvant treatments, are effective in treating this disease. Nevertheless, the ongoing discourse regarding the optimal CTMs persists.

Coagulopathy and acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology and clinical treatment.

Coagulopathy is a critical pathophysiological mechanism of acute pancreatitis (AP), arising from the complex interplay between innate immune, endothelial cells and platelets. Although initially beneficial for the host, uncontrolled and systemic activation of coagulation cascade in AP can lead to thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications, ranging from subclinical abnormalities in coagulation tests to severe clinical manifestations, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation. Initiation of coagulation activation and consequent thrombin generation is caused by expression of tissue factor on activated monocytes and is ineffectually offset by tissue factor pathway inhibitor.

Inhibition of xanthine oxidase alleviated pancreatic necrosis HIF-1-regulated LDHA and NLRP3 signaling pathway in acute pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially fatal condition with no targeted treatment options. Although inhibiting xanthine oxidase (XO) in the treatment of AP has been studied in several experimental models and clinical trials, whether XO is a target of AP and what its the main mechanism of action is remains unclear. Here, we aimed to re-evaluate whether XO is a target aggravating AP other than merely generating reactive oxygen species that trigger AP.

Invariant feature based label correction for DNN when Learning with Noisy Labels.

Learning with Noisy Labels (LNL) methods have been widely studied in recent years, which aims to improve the performance of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) when the training dataset contains incorrectly annotated labels. Popular existing LNL methods rely on semantic features extracted by the DNN to detect and mitigate label noise. However, these extracted features are often spurious and contain unstable correlations with the label across different environments (domains), which can occasionally lead to incorrect prediction and compromise the efficacy of LNL methods.

A predictive model for residual lesions after LEEP surgery in CIN III patients.

Background And Aims: The residual lesions after Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) contributes to poor prognosis in patients with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3 (CIN3). The aim of this study is to establish an effective clinical predictive model for residual lesions in CIN3 patients after LEEP.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 436 CIN3 patients who underwent total hysterectomy within 3 months after LEEP.

What should be measured and reported in clinical trials for the treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis? A study protocol for establishing a core outcome set.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterised by inflammation of the exocrine pancreas, which potentially leads to local complications and organ failure resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. A long-term follow-up by an experienced team is needed. Currently, a variety of outcome measures are used in clinical trials for patients with AP.

Predicting Persistent Acute Respiratory Failure in Acute Pancreatitis: The Accuracy of Two Lung Injury Indices.

Background/aims: Early and accurate identification of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) at high risk of persistent acute respiratory failure (PARF) is crucial. We sought to determine the accuracy of simplified Lung Injury Prediction Score (sLIPS) and simplified Early Acute Lung Injury (sEALI) for predicting PARF in ward AP patients.

Methods: Consecutive AP patients in a training cohort from West China Hospital of Sichuan University (n = 912) and a validation cohort from The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (n = 1033) were analyzed.

Optimising the measurement of intra-bladder pressure in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis.

Background: Measuring intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is important for management of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Intra-bladder pressure (IBP) is an indirect index that reflects IAP, but measuring techniques vary. We sought to optimise IBP measuring techniques in predicted SAP patients.

AGI grade-guided chaiqin chengqi decoction treatment for predicted moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis (CAP trial): study protocol of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, pragmatic clinical trial.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disease with increased incidence globally but without internationally licenced pharmacological therapy. Moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP/SAP) contributes predominately for its morbidities and mortality and has been managed in West China Hospital for decades using the traditional Chinese medicinal formula chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD). The current study tests whether the early administration of CQCQD will result in improved clinical outcomes in predicted MSAP/SAP patients.

Impact of admission and early persistent stress hyperglycaemia on clinical outcomes in acute pancreatitis.

Background: To determine the impact of glucose levels at admission and during first week (early phase) on clinical outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and to investigate the relationship between stress hyperglycaemia (SHG) and hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG).

Methods: Two independent and prospective databases were retrospectively analysed (n = 1792). Patients admitted with pain of less than 48 hours and confirmed AP were included.

Safety and efficacy of intravenous hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia versus intramuscular pethidine in acute pancreatitis: An open-label, randomized controlled trial.

Hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) provides satisfactory postoperative pain therapy, but its effect has not been assessed in acute pancreatitis (AP). To assess the safety and efficacy of intravenous hydromorphone PCA for pain relief in AP. This open-label trial included AP patients admitted within 72 h of symptom onset, aged 18-70 years old, and with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity ≥5.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Shenmai Injection in Treating Acute Pancreatitis: Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Verification.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the exocrine pancreas without specific treatment. Shenmai injection (SMI) was reported to eliminate the severity of experimental AP. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the synergistic protective effects of SMI on AP based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Optimising fluid requirements after initial resuscitation: A pilot study evaluating mini-fluid challenge and passive leg raising test in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis.

Background: The goals and approaches to fluid therapy vary through different stages of resuscitation. This pilot study was designed to test the safety and feasibility of a fluid therapy protocol for the second or optimisation stage of resuscitation in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: Spontaneously breathing patients with predicted SAP were admitted after initial resuscitation and studied over a 24-h period in a tertiary hospital ward.

Transcriptomics and Network Pharmacology Reveal the Protective Effect of Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction on Obesity-Related Alcohol-Induced Acute Pancreatitis Oxidative Stress and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Obesity-related acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by increasing prevalence worldwide and worse clinical outcomes compared to AP of other etiologies. Chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD), a Chinese herbal formula, has long been used for the clinical management of AP but its therapeutic actions and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study has investigated the pharmacological mechanisms of CQCQD in a novel mouse model of obesity-related alcohol-induced AP (OA-AP).

Predicting persistent organ failure on admission in patients with acute pancreatitis: development and validation of a mobile nomogram.

Background: Early prediction of persistent organ failure (POF) is important for triage and timely treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: All AP patients were consecutively admitted within 48 h of symptom onset. A nomogram was developed to predict POF on admission using data from a retrospective training cohort, validated by two prospective cohorts.

Vitamin D and Pancreatitis: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence.

Emerging research indicates that vitamin D metabolic disorder plays a major role in both acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP). This has been demonstrated by studies showing that vitamin D deficiency is associated with pancreatitis and its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by binding with the vitamin D receptor (VDR). However, the role of vitamin D assessment and its management in pancreatitis remains poorly understood.

Extracellular histones cause intestinal epithelium injury and disrupt its barrier function in vitro and in vivo.

Extracellular histones are cytotoxic to various cells and have been extensively proven a vital mediator of multiple organ injuries. However, the effect of extracellular histones on the intestine remains largely unknown. This study aimed to clarify the effect of extracellular histones on the intestine.