HUWE1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of oxidative damage repair gene ATM maintains mitochondrial quality control system in lens epithelial cells.

Mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting from a diminished oxidative damage repair capacity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral lens epithelial cells (LECs), is a key pathogenic mechanism in age-related cortical cataract (ARCC). This study aims to investigate the potential role of the E3 ligase HUWE1 and its ubiquitination substrate, the oxidative damage repair gene ATM, in the pathogenesis of ARCC. Our findings reveal that ATM protein expression is downregulated in human peripheral lens epithelial cells and the turbid cortex, correlating with increased expression of HUWE1.

Progranulin Plays a Protective Role in Pneumococcal Meningitis by Inhibiting Pyroptosis.

Objective: Pneumococcal meningitis is a serious infectious disease with a high mortality rate and a global presence, and survivors have different degrees of neurological sequelae as a consequence of the host response to the infection. Progranulin (PGRN) is a multifunctional autocrine growth factor that is also a major immunoregulator. We want to investigate the role for PGRN in Pneumococcal meningitis in vivo and in vitro.

METTL14-mediated depression of NEIL1 aggravates oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction of lens epithelial cells through regulating KEAP1/NRF2 pathways.

Abnormal base excision repair (BER) pathway and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) of RNA have been proved to be significantly related to age-related cataract (ARC) pathogenesis. However, the relationship between the Nei Endonuclease VIII-Like1 (NEIL1) gene (a representative DNA glycosylase of BER pathway) and its m6A modification remains unclear. Here, we showed that the expression of NEIL1 was decreased in the ARC anterior lens capsules and HO-stimulated SRA01/04 cells.

HMGB1 Encapsulated in Podocyte-Derived Exosomes Plays a Central Role in Glomerular Endothelial Cell Injury in Lupus Nephritis by Regulating TRIM27 Expression.

Exosomes play a role in cell communication by transporting content between cells. Here, we tested whether renal podocyte-derived exosomes affect the injury of glomerular endothelial cells in lupus nephritis (LN). We found that exosomes containing high levels of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) were released from podocytes in patients with LN, BALB/c mice injected with pristane (which induces lupus-like disease in mice), and cultured human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) treated with LN plasma.

Targeted Activation of OGG1 Inhibits Paraptosis in Lens Epithelial Cells of Early Age-Related Cortical Cataract.

Purpose: To investigate potential modes of programmed cell death in the lens epithelial cells (LECs) of patients with early age-related cortical cataract (ARCC) and to explore early-stage intervention strategies.

Methods: Anterior lens capsules were collected from early ARCC patients for comprehensive analysis. Ultrastructural examination of LECs was performed using transmission electron microscopy.

An Anticancer Bioactive Peptide Combined with Oxaliplatin Inhibited Gastric Cancer Cells and .

Background: Gastric cancer has become one of the major diseases threatening human health. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of an anticancer bioactive peptide (ACBP) combined with oxaliplatin (OXA) on MKN-45, SGC7901, and NCI-N87 differentiated human gastric cancer cells and GES-1 immortalized human gastric mucosal epithelial cells. The therapeutic effect and action mechanism of short-term intermittent ACBP combined with OXA on nude mice with human gastric cancer were also investigated.

Nanoemulsion-based pseudopolyrotaxane hydrogel for enhanced corneal bioavailability and treatment of corneal inflammation.

Corneal inflammation, a condition that can potentially lead to blindness, is often treated with topical eye drops. However, the limited ocular drug bioavailability of the eye drops necessitates frequent dosing. Herein, a nanoemulsion-based pseudopolyrotaxane hydrogel was fabricated to improve corneal bioavailability and thereby suppress inflammation.

Systemic inflammatory regulators and age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: We investigated the relationship between systematic regulators of inflammation and the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), both wet and dry forms, by using bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: We performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using genome-wide study (GWAS) data for 91 plasma proteins from 14,824 individuals of European descent across 11 study groups. Next, we utilized data from the FinnGen consortium to study AMD using the inverse- variance-weighted approach for Mendelian randomization.

Mechanisms of endocrine resistance in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer may recur or metastasize years or decades after its diagnosis. Furthermore, hormone receptor expression may persist in relapsed or metastatic cancer cells. Endocrine therapy is one of the most efficacious treatments for hormone receptor-positive breast cancers.

A case of acute idiopathic maculopathy in both eyes with peripheral vascular occlusion.

Background: This study aimed to present a case of bilateral symmetric onset of acute idiopathic maculopathy after high fever with peripheral vascular occlusion.

Case Presentation: A 54-year-old yellow female experienced acute binocular visual acuity decrease after 1 day of high fever, and binocular visual acuity decreased to index or anterior. OCT in the external hospital showed dome-shaped cortical detachment in the symmetrical macular area of both eyes with subretinal fluid, discontinuity in the ellipsoid zone and the chimera.

Efficacy of the efficacy between dexamethasone versus triamcinolone acetonide after cataract surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effects between dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation among cataract patients.

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published up to August 2020. The primary outcome was intraocular pressure.

Mitochondria-mediated self-cycling nanoreactor enabling uninterrupted oxidative damage for enhanced chemodynamic therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), which employs intracellular HO to produce toxic hydroxyl radicals to kill cancer cells, has received great attention due to its specificity to tumors. However, the relatively insufficient endogenous HO and the short-lifetime and limited diffusion distance of •OH compromise the therapeutic efficacy of CDT. Mitochondria, which play crucial roles in oncogenesis, are highly vulnerable to elevated oxidative stress.

The hysteresis damage of cold exposure on tissue and transcript levels in mice.

Objectives: Although cold stress-induced damage to the heart and thyroid has been reported, specific organ associations between the heart and thyroid with delayed injury mechanisms have not been investigated. In this study, we determined the damage time and transcript levels of a large number of genes in the heart and thyroid after cold exposure. Meanwhile, we analysed the relationship between heart and thyroid injury in human medical records to determine the association of delayed injury from cold exposure.

Comprehensive analysis of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network involved in spontaneous recovery of an HO-induced zebrafish cataract model.

Objective: To identify the hub miRNAs and mRNAs contributing to the spontaneous recovery of an HO-induced zebrafish cataract model.

Methods: Zebrafishes were divided into three groups, i.e.

Promising lanthanide-doped double molybdates KYb(MoO) phosphors for highly efficient upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing.

Here we report the highly efficient upconversion luminescence (UCL) and optical temperature sensing based on the novel host of KYb(MoO) doped with trivalent lanthanide (Ln) ions at 980 nm excitation. The high Yb concentration and unique ordered layer structure in KYb(MoO) host are beneficial for the enhancement of UCL efficiency by improving the absorption and the negative migration of excitation energy. Ho, Er, and Tm ions were selected to singly dope the KYb(MoO) host, achieving three primary colors of red, green, blue UCL, respectively.

Actomyosin-driven motility and coalescence of phase-separated viral inclusion bodies are required for efficient replication of a plant rhabdovirus.

Phase separation has emerged as a fundamental principle for organizing viral and cellular membraneless organelles. Although these subcellular compartments have been recognized for decades, their biogenesis and mechanisms of regulation are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the formation of membraneless inclusion bodies (IBs) induced during the infection of a plant rhabdovirus, tomato yellow mottle-associated virus (TYMaV).

Immunotherapy for HER-2 positive breast cancer.

Immunotherapy is a developing treatment for advanced breast cancer. Immunotherapy has clinical significance for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancers and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive (HER2+) breast cancers. As a proved effective passive immunotherapy, clinical application of the monoclonal antibodies trastuzumab, pertuzumab and T-DM1 (ado-trastuzumab emtansine) has significantly improved the survival of patients with HER2+ breast cancers.

Association of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with Nutrition in Patients with Various Types of Malignant Tumors: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Aim: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an index of systemic inflammation. This study is to clarify the role of NLR in body functional status, nutritional risk and nutritional status in the course of tumor.

Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional study of patients with various types of malignant tumors was accrued from the whole country.

Ubiquitination of Ku70 by Parkin promotes apoptosis of lens epithelial cells.

Oxidative damage-triggered apoptosis in lens epithelial cells is considered as a main risk factor in the pathogenesis of age-related cataracts. Ku70 is a key factor in the DNA repair process of double-strand breaks. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of Ku70 and its related E3 ubiquitin ligase in lens epithelial cell apoptosis.

Age-related cataract: GSTP1 ubiquitination and degradation by Parkin inhibits its anti-apoptosis in lens epithelial cells.

Purpose: Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related cataract (ARC). The purpose of this research is to underlie the potential mechanism of E3 ligase Parkin and its oxidative stress-associated substrate in cataractogenesis.

Methods: The central anterior capsules were obtained from patients with ARC, Emory mice, and corresponding controls.

COF-based artificial probiotic for modulation of gut microbiota and immune microenvironment in inflammatory bowel disease.

Conventional strategies for treating inflammatory bowel disease merely relieve inflammation and excessive immune response, but fail to solve the underlying causes of IBD, such as disrupted gut microbiota and intestinal barrier. Recently, natural probiotics have shown tremendous potential for the treatment of IBD. However, probiotics are not recommended for IBD patients, as they may cause bacteremia or sepsis.

CHARACTERIZATION OF MACULAR NEOVASCULARIZATION IN BIETTI CRYSTALLINE DYSTROPHY USING MULTIMODAL IMAGING MODALITIES.

Purpose: To characterize the clinical features of macular neovascularization (MNV) secondary to Bietti crystalline dystrophy.

Methods: The imaging data of 157 eyes in 79 patients with Bietti crystalline dystrophy were retrospectively reviewed. 12 individuals (19 eyes) were found to have MNVs.

Identification and expression pattern analysis of the gene family in rice.

Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) is a class of plant-specific serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinase that plays an important role in rice stress tolerance, growth and development. However, systematic bioinformatics and expression pattern analysis have not been reported. In the current study, ten genes were identified in the rice genome and located on 7 chromosomes, which can be classified into three subfamilies (I, II, and III).