Efficacy Evaluation of an Inactivated Duck Tembusu Virus Vaccine.

To evaluate the potential use of an inactivated virus-based vaccine for the control and prevention of the newly emerged duck Tembusu virus infection in China, a duck Tembusu virus isolate, Tembusu-HB, was propagated in 12-day-old duck embryos and inactivated by treatment with formaldehyde. The inactivated viral antigen was emulsified with mineral oil, and five batches of the vaccine were manufactured. The immunogenicity and protection efficacy of the vaccine were evaluated in Beijing ducks and Beijing white geese.

Serum metabolomics study of polycystic ovary syndrome based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, heterogeneous disorder, which produces in 5-10% reproductive age women. In this study, a nontargeted metabolomics approach based on ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry is used to investigate serum metabolic characteristics of PCOS. PCOS women and healthy control can be clustered into two distinct groups based on multivariate statistical analysis.

[Clinical observation on Qidi Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Recipe in treating diabetic nephropathy at stage III and IV].

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Qidi Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Recipe (QYYHR) on diabetic nephropathy (DN) at stage III and IV.

Methods: One hundred type 2 DN patients of qi-yin deficiency with blood-stasis syndrome were randomly divided into two groups, all were treated with basal hypoglycemic treatment but with QYYHR given to the treatment group additionally for 3 months. The symptoms were observed, blood glucose, urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and hemorheological parameters were detected before and after treatment.

Synthesis, in vitro, reactivity, and identification of 6-phenyl-3-hexen-2-one in human urine after kava-kava (Piper methysticum) ingestion.

This study describes the synthesis of 6 -phenyl-3-hexen-2-one, a proposed metabolite of kava-kava (kava, 'Awa, Yaqona, Piper methysticum Forst.), its reactivity with glutathione in vitro, and its isolation and identification, as its mercapturic acid adduct using LC/MS/MS, in the urine of two human subjects following their ingestion of kava. A possible metabolic pathway for the formation of this metabolite and its possible role in hepatotoxicity are also discussed.

Kava does not display metabolic toxicity in a homogeneous cellular assay.

To determine whether kava (Kava kava, 'Awa, Yaqona, Piper methysticum Forst.), the popular herbal product associated recently with possible human hepatotoxicity, is bioactivated by cytochrome P450 enzymes to cytotoxic metabolites, three kava lactones (methysticin, yangonin, and desmethoxyyangonin) and an ethanolic extract of dried kava root were incubated over time in culture with MCL-5 cells, a human lymphoblastoid cell line that has been stably transfected with five human P450's (CYP 1A1, 1A2, 2A6, 2E1, and 3A4) and human epoxide hydrolase. Incubations were performed concurrently with a control cell line (cH2) that is derived from the same parental line as MCL-5, but transfected with two empty vectors.