Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and the Incidence of Delirium in Hospitalized Older Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background: Both low skeletal muscle mass and delirium are prevalent in older hospitalized patients, while their associations are unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the associations between low skeletal muscle mass and the incidence of delirium in hospitalized patients.

Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for relevant studies published before May 2022, and we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines.

A nomogram model based on pre-treatment and post-treatment MR imaging radiomics signatures: application to predict progression-free survival for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: To establish a novel model using radiomics analysis of pre-treatment and post-treatment magnetic resonance (MR) images for prediction of progression-free survival in the patients with stage II-IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in South China.

Methods: One hundred and twenty NPC patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy were enrolled (80 in the training cohort and 40 in the validation cohort). Acquiring data and screening features were performed successively.

Saving 80% Polypropylene in Facemasks by Laser-Assisted Melt-Blown Nanofibers.

The ongoing coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic requires enormous production of facemasks and related personal protection materials, thereby increasing the amount of nondegradable plastic waste. The core material for facemasks is melt-blown polypropylene (PP) fiber. Each disposable facemask consumes ∼0.

High-throughput production of kilogram-scale nanofibers by Kármán vortex solution blow spinning.

The interaction between gas flow and liquid flow, governed by fluid dynamic principles, is of substantial importance in both fundamental science and practical applications. For instance, a precisely designed gas shearing on liquid solution may lead to efficacious production of advanced nanomaterials. Here, we devised a needleless Kármán vortex solution blow spinning system that uses a roll-to-roll nylon thread to deliver spinning solution, coupled with vertically blowing airflow to draw high-quality nanofibers with large throughput.

Identification of histone methyltransferase NSD2 as an important oncogenic gene in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second common cause of cancer-related human mortalities. Dysregulation of histone 3 (H3) methylation could lead to transcriptional activation of multiple oncogenes, which is closely associated with CRC tumorigenesis and progression. Nuclear receptor-binding SET Domain protein 2 (NSD2) is a key histone methyltransferase catalyzing histone H3 lysine 36 dimethylation (H3K36me2).

Metabolic syndrome and the risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Observational studies have reported an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and colorectal cancer risk with inconsistent risk estimates. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with MetS.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for related studies from database inception to 21 January 2021.

Apparent diffusion coefficient for the prediction of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background: Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer generally have different response rates to preoperative neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. This study investigated the value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a predictor to forecast the response to neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: Ninety-one locally advanced rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy between 2015 and 2018 were enrolled.

Mean apparent diffusion coefficient in a single slice may predict tumor response to whole-brain radiation therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases.

Objectives: This study aimed to access the performance of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a predictor for treatment response to whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in patients with brain metastases (BMs) from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 102 NSCLC patients with BMs who underwent WBRT between 2012 and 2016. Diffusion-weighted MRI were performed pre-WBRT and within 12 weeks after WBRT started.

GDC-0349 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell growth.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related human mortality with a clear need for new therapeutic intervention. GDC-0349 is a potent and selective ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor. In A549 cells and primary human NSCLC cells, GDC-0349 inhibited cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion, while inducing significant apoptosis activation.

Prognostic Performance of Different Lymph Node Staging Systems in Patients With Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors.

The prognostic significance of the lymph node (LN) classification for small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SBNETs) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the prognostic assessment of different LN staging systems. Patients with SBNETs were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

CircRNA BIRC6 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell progression by sponging microRNA-145.

Purpose: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality world-wide. Recently, a number of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been found to be differentially expressed in human NSCLCs, correlating with clinico-pathological features. As yet, the expression and potential role of circRNA BIRC6 (circBIRC6) in NSCLC have not been studied.

Clinical Value Of Apatinib As A Salvage Treatment In Patients With Chemo-Refractory Advanced Cervical Cancer.

Purpose: Apatinib is effective and safe for several advanced or metastatic cancers, but its therapeutic value in cervical cancer is still unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the therapeutic value of apatinib in patients with chemo-refractory advanced cervical cancer.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with advanced cervical cancer treated with apatinib between April 2015 and December 2018 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Therapeutic effect of whole brain radiotherapy on advanced NSCLC between EGFR TKI-naïve and TKI-resistant.

Background: The development of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) has dramatically improved the prognosis of patients with EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical outcome with or without EGFR-TKI resistance before WBRT and the sequence between EGFT-TKIs and whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) of EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients who developed multiple brain metastases (BMs).

Patients And Methods: Three hundred forty-four EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with multiple BMs were reviewed.

Circular RNA PRKCI promotes glioma cell progression by inhibiting microRNA-545.

We here tested expression and potential functions of circular RNA PRKCI (circPRKCI) in human glioma. Our results show that circPRKCI is upregulated in human glioma tissues and glioma cells, correlating with downregulation of its potential target, microRNA-545 (miR-545). In A172 and primary human glioma cells, shRNA-mediated silencing of circPRKCI inhibited cancer cell growth, survival, proliferation, and migration.

Induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus induction chemotherapy plus volumetric modulated arc therapy alone in the treatment of stage II-IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a retrospective controlled study.

Background: In the era of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), the role of additional concurrent chemotherapy (CC) to radiotherapy (RT) after induction chemotherapy (IC) compared to IC followed by RT alone remains unclear for stage II-IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicities of IC/RT and IC/CCRT in the treatment of NPC with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

Methods: From January 2012 to March 2016, a total of 217 NPC patients were retrospectively assessed.

miR-1273g silences MAGEA3/6 to inhibit human colorectal cancer cell growth via activation of AMPK signaling.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic regulator that acts to limit the growth of cancer cells. AMPK is downregulated by melanoma antigens A3/6 (MAGEA3/6), which are cancer-specific proteins that enhance the activity of specific E3 ubiquitin ligases to ubiquitinate and degrade AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1). Here, using a bioinformatic approach, we identified a microRNA, miR-1273g-3p, that is predicted to target the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of MAGEA3/6.

Adjuvant Therapeutic Modalities Following Three-field Lymph Node Dissection for Stage II/III Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The rates of locoregional and distant recurrence for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients underwent radical esophagectomy remain high. The purpose of this study is to explore an optimal postoperative therapeutic modality by investigating the efficacy of various adjuvant therapies in the treatment of ESCC. We retrospectively reviewed 408 ESCC patients underwent thoracic esophagectomy and 3-field lymph node dissection from 2010 to 2015.

Treatment outcome comparisons between exons 19 and 21 EGFR mutations for non-small-cell lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion after first-line and second-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Recent studies demonstrated a significantly increased frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with malignant pleural effusions (MPEs). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of first-line and second-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of NSCLC with MPEs harboring exon 19 deletion and L858R mutation. From 2010 to 2015, 203 NSCLC patients with MPEs harboring EGFR mutation treated with EGFR-TKIs were reviewed.

Evaluation of Tumor-Derived Exosomal miRNA as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

To identify tumor-derived exosomal biomarkers that are able to discriminate between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) as a noninvasive method in the early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tumor-derived exosomes from the plasma of early-stage NSCLC patients were isolated. Exosomal miRNA profiling of 46 stage I NSCLC patients and 42 healthy individuals was performed using miRNA-seq to identify and validate adenocarcinoma- and SCC-specific miRNAs.

Efficacy of Second-line Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Metastatic Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Harboring Exon 19 and 21 EGFR Mutations.

Although superior clinical benefits of first-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) had been reported with different sensitivity, the sensitivity of second-line TKIs in NSCLC patients with different EFGR mutations was unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical outcome of second-line EGFR-TKIs in the treatment of NSCLC patients according to different EGFR genotypes. The treatment outcomes of 166 NSCLC patients with different EGFR mutations treated by second-line TKIs were retrospectively reviewed.

The efficacy and roles of combining temozolomide with whole brain radiotherapy in protection neurocognitive function and improvement quality of life of non-small-cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases.

Background: Brain metastasis (BM) is a poor prognostic factor for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy and roles of combining temozolomide (TMZ) with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in protection neurocognitive function (NCF) and improvement quality of life (QOL) were investigated and compared with WBRT alone in the treatment of NSCLC patients with BM.

Methods: A total of 238 NSCLC patients with BM were reviewed and categorized into WBRT plus TMZ (RCT) arm and WBRT alone (RT), respectively.

Profiling and bioinformatics analyses reveal differential circular RNA expression in radioresistant esophageal cancer cells.

Background: Acquired radioresistance during radiotherapy is considered as the most important reason for local tumor recurrence or treatment failure. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been identified as microRNA sponges and involve in various biological processes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of circRNAs in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer.

Concurrent paclitaxel/cisplatin chemoradiotherapy with or without consolidation chemotherapy in high-risk early-stage cervical cancer patients following radical hysterectomy: preliminary results of a phase III randomized study.

A phase III randomized study on the efficacy and safety of consolidation chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus cisplatin following radical hysterectomy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in the treatment of high risk early-stage cervical cancer were reported. 146 eligible patients were randomized to arm A receiving concurrent CRT or arm B receiving CRT plus consolidation chemotherapy, respectively. An interim analysis showed a trend of improvement on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in arm B with hazard ratios (HR) of 1.