MoS/NiS Schottky heterojunction regulating local charge distribution for efficient urea oxidation and hydrogen evolution.

Electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is a prospective method to substitute the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and solve the problem of urea-rich water pollution due to the low thermodynamic voltage, but its complex six-electron oxidation process greatly impedes the overall efficiency of electrolysis. Here, density functional theory (DFT) calculations imply that the metallic NiS and semiconductive MoS could form Mott-Schottky catalyst because of the suitable band structure. Therefore, we synthesized MoS/NiS electrocatalyst by a simple hydrothermal method, and studied its UOR and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance.

Multi-swarm UPSO algorithm based on seed strategy for atomic clusters structure optimization.

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is prone to get trapped in local optima and insufficient information exchange among particles. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a Multi-swarm Unified Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm based on Seed Strategy (SS-DMS-UPSO) to optimize the atomic clusters structure. In this algorithm, the population is divided into some sub-populations evolving randomly and evenly, and each sub-population uses UPSO algorithm with different unification factors to evolve independently in parallel.

Synergistic mechanism of Ni(OH)/NiMoS heterostructure electrocatalyst with crystalline/amorphous interfaces for efficient hydrogen evolution over all pH ranges.

Designing and fabricating efficient electrocatalysts is a practical step toward the commercial application of the efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) over all pH ranges. Herein, novel Ti@Ni(OH)-NiMoS heterostructure with interface between crystalline Ni(OH) and amorphous NiMoS was rationally designed and fabricated on Ti mesh (denoted as Ti@Ni(OH)-NiMoS). Acid etching and calcination experiments helped in accurate elucidation of the synergistic mechanism as well as the vital role on crystalline Ni(OH) and amorphous NiMoS.

Genomic damages in peripheral blood lymphocytes and association with polymorphisms of three glutathione S-transferases in workers exposed to formaldehyde.

DNA and chromosome damages in peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated in 151 workers occupationally exposed to formaldehyde (FA) and 112 non-FA exposed controls. The effects of polymorphisms in three glutathione-S-transferase (GSTs) genes on the DNA and chromosome damages were assessed as well. Alkaline comet assay and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay were used to determine DNA and chromosome damages, respectively.