Intraoperative hemodynamics in prediction of postoperative kidney injury after type a aortic dissection surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a severe cardiovascular condition associated with high risks for postoperative complications, particularly renal dysfunction. This study investigated whether intraoperative hypotension and venous congestion are important predictors of postoperative kidney injury and major adverse events.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 543 adults undergoing TAAD surgery (2016-2023).

Association Between Glycemic Variability and Persistent Acute Kidney Injury After Noncardiac Major Surgery: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: While the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and acute kidney injury (AKI) has been a subject of interest, the specific association of GV with persistent AKI beyond 48 hours postoperative after noncardiac surgery is not well-established.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the patterns of different GV metrics in the immediate 48 hours after noncardiac surgery, evaluate the association between GV indices and persistent AKI within the 7-day postoperative window, and compare the risk identification capabilities of various GV for persistent AKI. A total of 10,937 patients who underwent major noncardiac surgery across 3 medical centers in eastern China between January 2015 and September 2023 were enrolled.

Dorsal raphe nucleus to basolateral amygdala 5-HTergic neural circuit modulates restoration of consciousness during sevoflurane anesthesia.

The advent of general anesthesia (GA) has significant implications for clinical practice. However, the exact mechanisms underlying GA-induced transitions in consciousness remain elusive. Given some similarities between GA and sleep, the sleep-arousal neural nuclei and circuits involved in sleep-arousal, including the 5-HTergic system, could be implicated in GA.

Cognitive Training for Reduction of Delirium in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Postoperative delirium is a common and impactful neuropsychiatric complication in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Cognitive training may enhance cognitive reserve, thereby reducing postoperative delirium.

Objective: To determine whether preoperative cognitive training reduces the incidence of delirium in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Predictions of Aeroengines' Infrared Radiation Characteristics Based on HKELM Optimized by the Improved Dung Beetle Optimizer.

To solve the problems of high computational cost and the long time required by the simulation and calculation of aeroengines' exhaust systems, a method of predicting the characteristics of infrared radiation based on the hybrid kernel extreme learning machine (HKELM) optimized by the improved dung beetle optimizer (IDBO) was proposed. Firstly, the Levy flight strategy and variable spiral strategy were introduced to improve the optimization performance of the dung beetle optimizer (DBO) algorithm. Secondly, the superiority of IDBO algorithm was verified by using 23 benchmark functions.

Diagnostic value of ultrasound for predicting the occurrence of airway difficulty in patients undergoing anesthesia.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound for predicting occurrence of airway difficulty in patients undergoing anesthesia.

Methods: A total of 273 patients airway difficultyundergoing general anesthesia admitted to the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to October 2021 were selected in this prospective study. Among them, 73 suffered airway difficulty and the airway difficultyremaining 200 did not.

The efficacy of ultrasonography on learning curve and inter-subject performance variability in radial artery cannulation in standardized training for residents: a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of ultrasound (US) on learning curve and inter-subject performance variability of residents in radial artery cannulation.

Material And Methods: Twenty non-anesthesiology residents who received standardized training in an anesthesiology department were selected and divided into two groups: anatomy group or US group. After training of relevant anatomy, US recognition and puncture skill, residents selected 10 patients either under US or anatomical localization performing radial artery catheterization.

Association Between Hypernatremia and Delirium After Cardiac Surgery: A Nested Case-Control Study.

Background: The association between hypernatremia and delirium after cardiac surgery has rarely been investigated. This study aimed to determine whether hypernatremia increases the risk of delirium after exposure.

Materials And Methods: From April 2016 to June 2021, 7,831 consecutive patients receiving cardiac surgery were screened for potential enrollment.

Intraoperative venous congestion rather than hypotension is associated with acute adverse kidney events after cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The pathophysiological mechanisms by which venous congestion and hypotension lead to acute adverse kidney events after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass have not been elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that intraoperative hypotension and venous congestion are associated with acute kidney injury and acute kidney disease.

Methods: Primary exposures were venous congestion and intraoperative hypotension defined by central venous pressure ≥12, 16, or 20 mm Hg or mean arterial pressure ≤55, 65, or 75 mm Hg.

Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome Ten Knockdown Attenuates Cognitive Deficits by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder.

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a crucial regulator of neuronal development, neuronal survival, axonal regeneration, and synaptic plasticity. In this study we examined the potential role of PTEN in cognitive function in a mouse model of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND). Adult male C57BL/6J mice received intracerebroventricular injections of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against PTEN or control siRNA 3 days prior to exploratory laparotomy (n = 8 per group).

Gastrodin alleviates perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction of aged mice by suppressing neuroinflammation.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common complication of elderly patients after surgery and lacks effective prevention and treatment measures. We investigated the effect and mechanism of gastrodin (GAS), a natural plant ingredient, on postoperative cognition induced by laparotomy in aged mice. Male aged (18 months) mice were subjected to laparotomy and orally treated with GAS (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) 3 weeks before surgery and 1 week after surgery.

Chemokine CXCL13 acts via CXCR5-ERK signaling in hippocampus to induce perioperative neurocognitive disorders in surgically treated mice.

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) occur frequently after surgery and worsen patient outcome. How C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 13 and its sole receptor CXCR5 contribute to PNDs remains poorly understood.

Methods: A PND model was created in adult male C57BL/6J and CXCR5 mice by exploratory laparotomy.

Combination therapy with ropivacaine-loaded liposomes and nutrient deprivation for simultaneous cancer therapy and cancer pain relief.

Autophagy allows cancer cells to respond changes in nutrient status by degrading and recycling non-essential intracellular contents. Inhibition of autophagy combined with nutrient deprivation is an effective strategy to treat cancer. Pain is a primary determinant of poor quality of life in advanced cancer patients, but there is currently no satisfactory treatment.

Overexpression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin is correlated with poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an IL-7-like cytokine that has been reported to be associated with several malignant tumors. The present study aimed to evaluate its role in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). The mRNA levels of TSLP in human EOC samples and EOC cell lines were determined.

Dexmedetomidine Acts via the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway to Attenuate Isoflurane-Induced Neurocognitive Deficits in Senile Mice.

Background: Previous studies showed that isoflurane-induced cognitive deficits could be alleviated by dexmedetomidine in young animal subjects. In the current study, we examine whether dexmedetomidine could also alleviate isoflurane-induced cognitive deficits in senile animals.

Methods: Senile male C57BL/6 mice (20 months) received dexmedetomidine (50 μg/kg, i.

[Effects of dexmedetomidine on microcirculatory perfusion in rabbits with renal ischemia/reperfusion injury: quantitative evaluation with contrast-enhanced ultrasound].

Objective: To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on renal microcirculatory perfusion in rabbits with renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury rabbit by quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

Methods: Twenty- four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (8 in each), including a control group, renal I/R injury group and dexmedetomidine group. In the latter two groups, the right kidney of the rabbits was resected and I/R injury was induced in the left kidney.

A neurosteroid analogue photolabeling reagent labels the colchicine-binding site on tubulin: a mass spectrometric analysis.

Previous studies have shown that the neurosteroid analogue, 6-Azi-pregnanolone (6-AziP), photolabels voltage-dependent anion channels and proteins of approximately 55 kDa in rat brain membranes. The present study used two-dimensional electrophoresis and nanoelectrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry (nano-ESI-MS) to identify the 55 kDa proteins (isoelectric point 4.8) as isoforms of β-tubulin.