Ectodomain shedding of PLA2R1 is mediated by the metalloproteases ADAM10 and ADAM17.

Phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1) is a 180-kDa transmembrane protein that plays a role in inflammation and cancer and is the major autoantigen in membranous nephropathy, a rare but severe autoimmune kidney disease. A soluble form of PLA2R1 has been detected in mouse and human serum. It is likely produced by proteolytic shedding of membrane-bound PLA2R1 but the mechanism is unknown.

Dialogues between popular education and food and nutritional education: reflections from the trajectories of three university professors.

This essay explores the convergences and singularities of popular education and Food and Nutrition Education based on biographical fragments of the undergraduate training program in Nutrition of three university professors who established their academic and professional trajectories at these crossroads of knowledge and actions mediated by popular education. Inspired by the autobiographical method, the narratives revealed that the initial indignations with social inequalities were mobilizing the routes in the formative path toward understanding hunger, suffering, and human care. To this end, seeking spaces and opportunities to learn about and experience social work in contexts of vulnerabilities was a decisive factor in their personal and professional constructions, revealing the contradictions of traditional training models and the starting point for the genesis of critical thinking.

Percutaneous gastrostomies in advanced cancer.

Introduction: Gastrostomies can be performed percutaneously by interventional radiology (PRG) or endoscopy (PEG).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with advanced cancer who underwent a gastrostomy in 2017 in an oncology center.

Results: In 2017, 164 patients underwent gastrostomies, and 137 (84%) were male.

Venous thoracic outlet syndrome: When exercising may be discouraged.

Thoracic outlet syndrome results from neurovascular compression at the thoracic outlet. Clinical presentation varies according to the predominantly compressed structure, determining its subtype: neurogenic, venous, or arterial. The neurogenic subtype is the most common, affecting 90% of patients, while the vascular subtype is rarely found in practice.

Weight stigma in the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.

Background: Weight stigma is a phenomenon associated with adverse behavioural and psychological consequences. Although experts suggest that its increase during the COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with worse health outcomes for people with obesity, a thorough analysis of the main findings and gaps is still needed when relating to this subject.

Objective: We aim to answer three questions: (1) How does weight stigma manifest in the COVID-19 pandemic? (2) How can weight stigma affect people with overweight or obesity in times of COVID-19? (3) What are the perceptions and experiences of weight stigma during the pandemic in individuals who experience overweight or obesity?

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of studies addressing weight stigma and the COVID-19 pandemic in electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, BVS/Lilacs, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey) published until 10th August 2021.

Miliary Brain Tuberculomas and Meningitis: Tuberculosis Beyond the Lungs.

Unlabelled: Tuberculosis remains one of the most common infectious diseases. Miliary presentation is a rare and possibly lethal form, resulting from massive lymphohaematogenous dissemination of bacilli. The authors describe the case of a 47-year-old immunocompetent woman, diagnosed with miliary tuberculosis, with both lung and central nervous system involvement, who showed total recovery after starting anti-tuberculous drugs.

Cycles of attention to fad diets and internet search trends by Google trends.

This work aimed at identifying, describing and analyzing news content associated with Google search cycles linked to eight types of diet: ketogenic; moon; protein; soup; detox; points; paleo; and Dukan. They were selected because they were pointed out by Google Trends® (GT) as the most often associated with the term "diet". The content of sites linked to the highest search peaks was pointed out by Google News®.

Dietary guidelines for Brazilian population: an analysis from the cultural and social dimensions of food.

This article analyzes the social and cultural dimensions of food addressed in the dietary guidelines of the second edition of the Dietary Guideline for the Brazilian Population (DGBP) in contrast to its first edition. This is a qualitative study. We employ the Pecheutian discourse analysis.

[A convergence of "adequate" and "healthy": an analysis of the notion of adequate and healthy diet in public policies in Brazil].

Since the turn of this century, quality of diet is no longer described only as "healthy", but also as "adequate", in the scope of Brazilian public policies for food and nutrition and for food and nutrition security. These notions have been developed and defended socially and historically and have undergone expansions and redefinitions over time. The study proposed to analyze how the expression "adequate and healthy diet" was established in Brazil.

The combined risk effect among BIN1, CLU, and APOE genes in Alzheimer's disease.

Genome-wide associations studies (GWAS) are detecting new variants associated with late-onset of Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. The variants rs744373 BIN1, rs11136000 CLU and rs3764650 ABCA7 uncovered by GWAS led to different AD pathways, such as metabolism, trafficking and endocytosis of lipids and inflammation. However, most of the association studies did not replicate these variants with significance.

Osteogenesis imperfecta in Brazilian patients.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous genetic disorder characterized by bone fragility and fracture. Mutations in 20 distinct genes can cause OI, and therefore, the genetic diagnosis of OI is frequently difficult to obtain because of the great number of genes that can be related with this disease. Studies that report the most frequently mutated genes in OI patients can help to improve molecular strategies for diagnosis of the disease.

The Emergence of Different Functionally Equivalent PAH Degrading Microbial Communities from a Single Soil in Liquid PAH Enrichment Cultures and Soil Microcosms Receiving PAHs with and without Bioaugmentation.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) are common soil contaminants of concern due to their toxicity toward plants, animals and microorganisms. The use of indigenous or added microbes (bioaugmentation) is commonly used for bioremediation of PAHs. In this work, the biodegradation rates and changes in the bacterial community structure were evaluated.

Updated Meta-Analysis of BIN1, CR1, MS4A6A, CLU, and ABCA7 Variants in Alzheimer's Disease.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have associated several genetic variants with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), a neurodegenerative disease. Among those, rs3764650 ABCA7, rs6656401 CR1, and rs744373 BIN1 were associated as risk factors for LOAD, while rs11136000 CLU and rs610932 MS4A6A were protective. Recently, several case-control studies have investigated the association of these polymorphisms with AD.

Application and possible benefits of high hydrostatic pressure or high-pressure homogenization on beer processing: A review.

Beer is the most consumed beverage in the world, especially in countries such as USA, China and Brazil.It is an alcoholic beverage made from malted cereals, and the barley malt is the main ingredient, added with water, hops and yeast. High-pressure processing is a non-traditional method to preserve food and beverages.

Validating GWAS Variants from Microglial Genes Implicated in Alzheimer's Disease.

Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder that corresponds to most Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. Inflammation is frequently related to AD, whereas microglial cells are the major phagocytes in the brain and mediate the removal of Aβ peptides. Microglial cell dsyregulation might contribute to the formation of amyloid plaques, a hallmark of AD.

School meals defined from the perspective of students catered for under the National School Feeding Program, Brazil.

Based on socio-anthropological studies into food and in connection with guidance from the Public Policy on Food and Nutrition Security in Brazil, this paper sought to objectively analyze students' views of the school meals given to them as part of the National School Feeding Program (PNAE). The data was produced through ethnographic exercises that were developed where the above Program (hereafter Program) had been implemented in a semi-arid municipality in the state of Bahia. The exercises also involved the production of written material and the use of focus groups with teenagers in primary school education.

Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with upper limb functional training in children with spastic, hemiparetic cerebral palsy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The aim of the proposed study is to perform a comparative analysis of functional training effects for the paretic upper limb with and without transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex in children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

Methods: The sample will comprise 34 individuals with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy, 6 to 16 years old, classified at level I, II, or III of the Manual Ability Classification System. Participants will be randomly allocated to two groups: (1) functional training of the paretic upper limb combined with anodic transcranial stimulation; (2) functional training of the paretic upper limb combined with sham transcranial stimulation.

Ethics Requirement Score: new tool for evaluating ethics in publications.

Objective: To analyze ethical standards considered by health-related scientific journals, and to prepare the Ethics Requirement Score, a bibliometric index to be applied to scientific healthcare journals in order to evaluate criteria for ethics in scientific publication.

Methods: Journals related to healthcare selected by the Journal of Citation Reports™ 2010 database were considered as experimental units. Parameters related to publication ethics were analyzed for each journal.

[Food and nutrition education in school: a literature review].

Food and nutrition education is viewed as a key strategy for promoting healthy eating habits, and the school is an appropriate space for developing these activities. The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the scientific literature on intervention studies on food and nutrition education in Brazilian schools. A literature review was conducted, selecting articles published from 2000 to 2011.

[In-service training for pedagogical coordinators in school nutrition: the report of an experience].

This article describes the experience of in-service training for pedagogical coordinators of the Brazilian School Nutrition Program (PNAE) developed by the Cooperation Center for Student Food and Nutrition of the Federal University of Bahia (CECANE-UFBA). Participant observation and analysis of data documented in films, group discussion summaries, procedural and final evaluations and field diaries are used. The formative experiences were in 2011, in two municipalities in Bahia and Sergipe states, involving 118 pedagogical coordinators from 79 municipalities in both states.

[School: a place for studying and eating].

This study seeks to discuss the significance of school nutrition expressed by students in public schools from the state of Bahia, Brazil. The objective is to understand the symbolic aspects associated with school nutrition. The results of a survey into the significance of nutrition offered by the Brazilian School Nutrition Program (PNAE) expressed by students from six public schools in municipalities in the state of Bahia, Brazil, are presented.

Chronobiology: relevance for tuberculosis.

Despite the knowledge concerning the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, this disease remains one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. Several risk factors are well-known, such poverty, HIV infection, and poor nutrition, among others. However, some issues that may influence tuberculosis warrant further investigation.