Therapeutic Effects of Essential Oils and Their Bioactive Compounds on Prostate Cancer Treatment.

Since prostate cancer (PCa) relies on limited therapies, more effective alternatives are required. Essential oils (EOs) and their bioactive compounds are natural products that have many properties including anticancer activity. This review covers studies published between 2000 and 2023 and discusses the anti-prostate cancer mechanisms of the EOs from several plant species and their main bioactive compounds.

GMP-compliant extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells: manufacturing and pre-clinical evaluation in ARDS treatment.

Background Aims: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a new axis of intercellular communication that can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes, as cell-free therapies. The clinical application of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived EVs, however, is still in its infancy and faces many challenges. The heterogeneity inherent to MSCs, differences among donors, tissue sources, and variations in manufacturing conditions may influence the release of EVs and their cargo, thus potentially affecting the quality and consistency of the final product.

Antitumor activity of essential oils-based nanostructured lipid carriers on prostate cancer cells.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent malignancy in men worldwide. Essential oils (EOs) are natural products which can act in cancer suppression by several mechanisms. In this work, a nanotechnological approach was used to develop and evaluate the antineoplastic effects of EOs loaded by nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs).

Analysis of Key Factors for Evaluating Mucosal Adhesion Using Swine Buccal Tissue.

The assessment of the mucoadhesive properties peak mucoadhesive force (F) and work of mucoadhesion (W) with texture analyzers is a common in vitro method for analyzing formulation capabilities. Challenges arise in selecting and standardizing experimental conditions due to various variables influencing mucoadhesion. This complexity hampers direct product performance comparisons.

Lipid nanoparticles based on natural matrices with activity against multidrug resistant bacterial species.

Lately, the bacterial multidrug resistance has been a reason to public health concerning around world. The development of new pharmacology therapies against infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria is urgent. In this work, we developed 10 NLC formulations composed of essential oils (EO), vegetable butter and surfactant.

Interference with Bacterial Conjugation and Natural Alternatives to Antibiotics: Bridging a Gap.

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in food matrices has been investigated under conditions that favor gene exchange. However, the major challenge lies in determining the specific conditions pertaining to the adapted microbial pairs associated with the food matrix. HGT is primarily responsible for enhancing the microbial repertoire for the evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance and is a major target for controlling pathogens of public health concern in food ecosystems.

DoE development of ionic gradient liposomes: A successful approach to improve encapsulation, prolong anesthesia and decrease the toxicity of etidocaine.

Etidocaine (EDC) is a long-acting local anesthetic of the aminoamide family whose use was discontinued in 2008 for alleged toxicity issues. Ionic gradient liposomes (IGL) are nanostructured carriers for which an inner/outer gradient of ions increases drug upload. This work describes IGL, a formulation optimized by Design of Experiments, composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol:EDC, and characterized by DLS, NTA, TEM/Cryo-TEM, DSC and H NMR.

Docetaxel Loaded in Copaiba Oil-Nanostructured Lipid Carriers as a Promising DDS for Breast Cancer Treatment.

Breast cancer is the neoplasia of highest incidence in women worldwide. Docetaxel (DTX), a taxoid used to treat breast cancer, is a BCS-class-IV compound (low oral bioavailability, solubility and intestinal permeability). Nanotechnological strategies can improve chemotherapy effectiveness by promoting sustained release and reducing systemic toxicity.

Essential Oil-Based Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agents in the Food Industry.

The use of essential oils (EO) loaded with nanoparticles is the most promising alternative to increase food quality and safety. Interesting works describe the antimicrobial properties of EO for pathogen control in natural and processed foods for human health and animal production, also contributing to sustainability. Their association with different nanosystems allows novel developments in the micronutrition, health promotion, and pathogen control fields, preventing the aggravation of bacterial microevolution and combating antibiotic resistance.

Hybrid Nanobeads for Oral Indomethacin Delivery.

The oral administration of the anti-inflammatory indomethacin (INDO) causes severe gastrointestinal side effects, which are intensified in chronic inflammatory conditions when a continuous treatment is mandatory. The development of hybrid delivery systems associates the benefits of different (nano) carriers in a single system, designed to improve the efficacy and/or minimize the toxicity of drugs. This work describes the preparation of hybrid nanobeads composed of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loading INDO (2%; w/v) and chitosan, coated by xanthan.

Nanocarriers From Natural Lipids With Activity Against .

(CJ) is the most prevalent zoonotic pathogen of chicken meat and related products, which may lead to gastroenteritis and autoimmune diseases in humans. Although controlling this bacterium is important, CJ strains resistance against traditional antibiotic therapy has been increased. Vegetable oils and fats are natural biomaterials explored since the Ancient times, due to their therapeutic properties.

Hybrid Pectin-Liposome Formulation against Multi-Resistant Bacterial Strains.

This work describes the development of a gastroresistant antimicrobial formulation composed of two carriers, pectin and liposomes, intended to improve the efficiency of norfloxacin (NOR) against multi-resistant bacterial strains. The formulations showed physicochemical stability for 180 days (4 °C) in terms of size, polydispersity, and zeta potential of the vesicles, prolonging the in vitro release of NOR for 11 h. The hybrid nanocarriers improved the in vitro antimicrobial activity against different multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, such as sp.

Extracellular vesicles in infectious diseases caused by protozoan parasites in buffaloes.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles of growing interest in vetetinary parasitology. The aim of the present report was to provide the first isolation, quantification and protein characterization of EVs from buffalo ( sera infected with spp.

Methods: Infected animals were identified through optical microscopy and PCR.

Fusogenic Liposomes Increase the Antimicrobial Activity of Vancomycin Against Biofilm.

The aim of the present study was to encapsulate vancomycin in different liposomal formulations and compare the antimicrobial activity against biofilms. Large unilamellar vesicles of conventional (LUV VAN), fusogenic (LUV VAN), and cationic (LUV VAN) liposomes encapsulating VAN were characterized in terms of size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency (%EE) and release kinetics. The formulations were tested for their Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and inhibitory activity on biofilm formation and viability, using methicillin-susceptible ATCC 29213 and methicillin-resistant ATCC 43300 strains.

Lipid-based carriers for the delivery of local anesthetics.

Introduction: There is a clinical need for pharmaceutical dosage forms devised to prolong the acting time of local anesthetic (LA) agents or to reduce their toxicity. Encapsulation of LA in drug delivery systems (DDSs) can provide long-term anesthesia for inpatients (e.g.

Exosomes in the serum of Acute Myeloid Leukemia patients induce dendritic cell tolerance: Implications for immunotherapy.

Exosomes may represent an interesting antigenic pulse for new forms of anti-tumor immunotherapy. We evaluated exosomes from serum of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as an antigenic source for dendritic cells (DC) and the effects upon antitumor cytotoxicity, assessed by the percentage of specific lysis of K562 leukemic cells in co-cultures. Surprisingly, incubation of exosomes with DCs decreased lysis of K562, which may correspond to a mechanism of tumor evasion in vivo.

Hybrid Hydrogel Composed of Polymeric Nanocapsules Co-Loading Lidocaine and Prilocaine for Topical Intraoral Anesthesia.

This study reports the development of nanostructured hydrogels for the sustained release of the eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (both at 2.5%) for intraoral topical use. The local anesthetics, free or encapsulated in poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules, were incorporated into CARBOPOL hydrogel.

Rational design of polymer-lipid nanoparticles for docetaxel delivery.

In this work, a stable nanocarrier for the anti-cancer drug docetaxel was rational designed. The nanocarrier was developed based on the solid lipid nanoparticle preparation process aiming to minimize the total amount of excipients used in the final formulations. A particular interest was put on the effects of the polymers in the final composition.

Nanohybrid hydrogels designed for transbuccal anesthesia.

Background: Local anesthesia in dentistry is by far the most terrifying procedure for patients, causing treatment interruption. None of the commercially available topical formulations is effective in eliminating the pain and phobia associated to the needle insertion and injection.

Materials And Methods: In this work we prepared a nanostructured lipid-biopolymer hydrogel for the sustained delivery of lidocaine-prilocaine (LDC-PLC) for transbuccal pre-anesthesia.

Sustained Release from Ionic-Gradient Liposomes Significantly Decreases ETIDOCAINE Cytotoxicity.

Purpose: Etidocaine (EDC) is a long lasting local anesthetic, which alleged toxicity has restricted its clinical use. Liposomes can prolong the analgesia time and reduce the toxicity of local anesthetics. Ionic gradient liposomes (IGL) have been proposed to increase the upload and prolong the drug release, from liposomes.

Liposomal-based lidocaine formulation for the improvement of infiltrative buccal anaesthesia.

This study describes the encapsulation of the local anaesthetic lidocaine (LDC) in large unilamellar liposomes (LUV) prepared in a scalable procedure, with hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and mannitol. Structural properties of the liposomes were assessed by dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. A modified, two-compartment Franz-cell system was used to evaluate the release kinetics of LDC from the liposomes.

Carvacrol and linalool co-loaded in β-cyclodextrin-grafted chitosan nanoparticles as sustainable biopesticide aiming pest control.

Pesticides are the main tactics for pest control because they reduce the pest population very fast and their efficiency does not depend on abiotic factors. However, the indiscriminate use of these substances can speed up the development of resistant populations and causing environmental contamination. Therefore, alternative methods of pest control are sought, such as the use of botanical compounds.

Use of nanoparticle concentration as a tool to understand the structural properties of colloids.

Elucidation of the structural properties of colloids is paramount for a successful formulation. However, the intrinsic dynamism of colloidal systems makes their characterization a difficult task and, in particular, there is a lack of physicochemical techniques that can be correlated to their biological performance. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) allows measurements of size distribution and nanoparticle concentration in real time.