Neither saintly nor psychotic: a narrative systematic review of the evolving Western perception of voice hearing.

We present a social-historical perspective on the evolution of the voice-hearing phenomenon in Western society. Based upon a systematic search from a selection of nine databases, we trace the way hearing voices has been understood throughout the ages. Originally, hearing voices was considered a gifted talent for accessing the divine, but the progressive influence of monotheistic religion gradually condemned the practice to social marginalization.

Fertility discussions and concerns in childhood cancer survivors, a systematic review for updated practice.

Purpose: To provide ways to improve the clinical practice of fertility preservation (FP) for children, adolescents, and young adults (AYA) with cancer.

Design: A systematic research of online databases was undertaken in March 2020 following the PRISMA criteria, including Medline and Web of Science.

Results: Fifty-nine articles were included.

Low resilience in severe obesity: marker of adverse childhood experiences and current psychological disorders.

Purpose: Psychological disorders, early-age psychological traumas and eating disorders may contribute to the development of severe obesity in vulnerable individuals. Resilience may serve a protective role against binge eating disorder or depression. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACE), resilience, and current psychological disorders.

The rapid and automatic categorization of facial expression changes in highly variable natural images.

Emotional expressions are quickly and automatically read from human faces under natural viewing conditions. Yet, categorization of facial expressions is typically measured in experimental contexts with homogenous sets of face stimuli. Here we evaluated how the 6 basic facial emotions (Fear, Disgust, Happiness, Anger, Surprise or Sadness) can be rapidly and automatically categorized with faces varying in head orientation, lighting condition, identity, gender, age, ethnic origin and background context.

Episiotomy practices in France: epidemiology and risk factors in non-operative vaginal deliveries.

Episiotomy use has decreased due to the lack of evidence on its protective effects from maternal obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Indications for episiotomy vary considerably and there are a great variety of factors associated with its use. The aim of this article is to describe the episiotomy rate in France between 2013 and 2017 and the factors associated with its use in non-operative vaginal deliveries.

[ADI-R and ADOS and the differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: Interests, limits and openings].

Introduction: Current developments in international public health are leading qualified authorities to release clinical practice guidelines for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) assessment and diagnosis. Such documents incorporate procedures that rely on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) which are considered to be the "gold standard" assessment measures in the evaluation of ASD. Although these tools do prove their effectiveness in the evaluation of autistic symptomatology, they nevertheless stumble whenever the situation becomes more complex and reveal differential diagnostic issues in infantile and adult autism cases.

Time course of spatial frequency integration in face perception: An ERP study.

Face perception is based on the processing and integration of multiple spatial frequency (SF) ranges. However, the temporal dynamics of SF integration to form an early face representation in the human brain is still a matter of debate. To address this issue, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) during the presentation of spatial frequency-manipulated facial images.

Factors related to episiotomy practice: an evidence-based medicine systematic review.

Episiotomy practice is influenced by many factors studied in the scientific literature. Evidence-based medicine has isolated many factors that are linked to episiotomy practice, thus creating a need to group all these factors to create a relevant and useful database for scientific research. Based on the PRISMA methodology, the authors conducted a systematic literature review with the aim of covering this very need.

Socio-historical evolution of the episiotomy practice: A literature review.

Episiotomy is an enlargement of the vaginal orifice made by a surgical incision of the perineum. This review aimed to provide a socio-historical retrospective on the practice or episiotomy. Using the criteria from the PRISMA guidelines, the authors conducted a literature review, browsing twenty databases and several papers available in the gray literature.

The psychosocial age: a tool to reduce the institutional stigma of elderly people with mental disorders.

In line with previous studies on elderly with mental disorders discrimination, a concept called "Psychosocial age" has been methodologically formalized and mathematically modelized. Its aim is to support health providers and hinder stigmatization process which is influenced by social representations of our population. This article presents the construction of this indicator and its clinical implications.

The evolution of birth medicalisation: A systematic review.

First described at the beginning of the 1970s, the concept of birth medicalisation has experienced a theoretical and ideological evolution influenced by the lines of research that have been associated with it. This evolution has given rise to different schools of thought concerning medicalisation, but also various methodologies used in different scientific fields. It seems relevant to propose a global synthesis of the various lines of thought related to birth medicalisation.

No-go decision: A newly identified adverse event in orthopaedic surgery - causes and medico-legal implications.

Background: No-go designates a decision not to perform surgery when it becomes apparent that safety and/or feasibility requirements are not met. No-go decisions can occur at any time between patient admission to a hospital department and immediately before the first incision. The primary objective of this study was to assess the causes of no-go decisions reported as healthcare-associated adverse events (HAAEs).

Factors influencing spatial frequency extraction in faces: A review.

JEANTET, C., Caharel, S., Schwan, R.

Statistical trends of episiotomy around the world: Comparative systematic review of changing practices.

The authors' purpose for this article is to identify, review and interpret all publications about the episiotomy rates worldwide. Based on the criteria from the PRISMA guidelines, twenty databases were scrutinized. All studies which include national statistics related to episiotomy were selected, as well as studies presenting estimated data.

The concept of a waiting period for preoperative patient consent: Prospective study of 51 shoulder arthroscopy cases.

Introduction: The French Code of Public Health (CSP) does not explicitly require that patients should be given a certain amount of time to think about a procedure, except for cosmetic surgery, where 15 days is required (Art. L 6322-2 CSP). We hypothesized that patients require a waiting period during their decision-making process for scheduled shoulder arthroscopy procedure.

How to facilitate the orientation of elderly subjects with psychical disabilities to a health alternative to hospitalization?

This paper is aimed to improve the socio-psycho-therapeutic support for older patients with heavy psychiatric disability. First, we review the literature to question the specific grounds reported by professionals regarding the orientation of these vulnerable subjects. Secondly, we emphasize that integration of these subjects within alternatives to hospitalization requires a type of support similar to that usually proposed, an accompaniment of psychosocial rehabilitation.

Anxious and depressive symptoms in the French Asbestos-Related Diseases Cohort: risk factors and self-perception of risk.

Background: Asbestos is known to be an independent risk factor for lung and pleural cancers. However, to date, little attention has been paid to the psychological effects of asbestos exposure among exposed subjects. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of anxious and depressive symptoms among >2000 French participants of the Asbestos-Related Diseases Cohort (ARDCO), 6 years after their inclusion, to identify the risk factors associated with those anxious and depressive symptoms and to evaluate the impact of the asbestos-risk perception.

Child Sexual Abuse, Baby Gender, and Intergenerational Psychic Transmission: An Exploratory, Projective Psychoanalytic Approach.

The aim of this article is to present a French psychoanalytic model of how and to what extent the sequellae of sexual abuse by a male during a girl's childhood are transmitted to the next generation, as a function of the gender of the abused mother's children. The authors conducted a qualitative exploratory study based on the longitudinal follow-up of a woman who had two boys and a girl. They focused on the impact of two general sequellae: separation anxiety and negativity-disqualification of the paternal and/or male figures.

[The practice of episiotomy in France 10 years after the recommendations of CNGOF: What inventory?].

Since its creation, the practice of episiotomy has evolved, being influenced by several factors. Various stances on its use were stated, until the eventual reduction of this practice, as suggested by numerous practical guides. In 2005, the National College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in France published its French Guidelines for Clinical practice in this area.

Prevalence of Sexual Abuse in Childhood: Some Critical Methodological Reflections.

This article attempts to analyze the prevalence rates of sexual abuse in childhood reported in comparative empirical studies, giving an overview of a selection of representative studies reporting high rates of abuse and comparing it to an overview of studies reporting lower rates. Extremely discrepant rates of childhood sexual abuse are reported in a number of empirical studies conducted in this field over the past 26 years, particularly those looking beyond prevalence to study the links between this type of trauma and future motherhood. To shed light on the disparities in the reported prevalence rates, the article reviews the principal methodological biases that have contaminated the findings.

An accumulation of negative life events and the construction of alexithymia: a longitudinal and clinical approach.

We began the study with a theoretical comparison of the concepts of alexithymia and operative thought in terms of etiology as well as with a specific approach to comparing the concepts using the Rorschach Inkblot Method (Rorschach, 1921) with both Exner's (1986) Comprehensive System and the Parisian School (Chabert, 1983, 1987; Rausch de Traubenburg, 2000) methods of coding and interpretation. We then present a longitudinal clinical study of a woman suffering perinatal depression starting at 8 months gestation until 34 months postpartum. The case shows how an accumulation of stressful and traumatic life events in the early perinatal period generates a reactive, structured alexithymia.