Platelet distribution width associated with short-term prognosis and cost in paediatrics with partial-thickness thermal burns: A retrospective comparative study.

Platelets exert important roles in burn wound healing and involving in inflammatory regulation and tissue repair. Platelet distribution width (PDW) is an indicator representing platelet morphology and activation. In this study, we try to evaluate the value of PDW in predicting short-term prognosis and cost of paediatrics with partial-thickness thermal burns.

Use of Fresh Scalp Allografts From Living Relatives for Extensive Deep Burns in Children: A Clinical Study Over 7 Years.

Conventionally, pediatric patients with major burns need frozen cadaveric allografts to save their lives. However, these allografts are insufficient in many burn units because of cultural and local governmental laws in China. This paper reported 22 pediatric patients with major burns who received fresh scalp allografts from their parents, siblings, or relatives from January 2011 to December 2017.

3,4-Methylenedioxy-β-Nitrostyrene Ameliorates Experimental Burn Wound Progression by Inhibiting the NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Background: Burn wound progression remains a challenging problem in the clinic. Secondary tissue damage caused by unlimited inflammatory response is considered to be one of the key factors contributing to this clinical problem. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has recently been found to play important roles in immune activation and the inflammatory response after burn/trauma.

[Research progress on autophagy regulating excessive inflammation].

Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular self-digestion pathway, by which intracellular damaged proteins or organelles are delivered to lysosomes for degradation, so as to protect from various dangerous stimuli and maintain cellular homeostasis. Inflammation is a defensive response to injury or pathogens, through which various inflammatory mediators coordinate host defense and repair. However, uncontrolled inflammatory responses can lead to secondary damage and pathogenesis of inflammatory disease.

Role of autophagy and apoptosis in wound tissue of deep second-degree burn in rats.

Objectives: The pathogenesis of burn wound progression is poorly understood. Contributing factors include continuous loss of blood perfusion, excessive inflammation, and elevated apoptosis levels in wound tissue. Macroautophagy (here referred to simply as "autophagy") is associated with many chronic diseases.

Rapamycin reduces burn wound progression by enhancing autophagy in deep second-degree burn in rats.

Burn wound progression is caused by many mechanisms including local tissue hypoperfusion, prolonged inflammation, free radical damage, apoptosis, and necrosis in burn wounds. Autophagy, a homeostatic process by which cells break down their own components, was found to protect against ischemic injury, inflammatory diseases, and apoptosis in some cases. We tested whether rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, could ameliorate burn wound progression and promote wound healing through autophagy enhancement.

Effect of Poloxamer 188 on deepening of deep second-degree burn wounds in the early stage.

Objective: To discuss the effect of Poloxamer 188 (P188) on deepening of deep second-degree burn wounds in the early stage after burn.

Methods: We divided Wistar rats with deep second-degree burn wounds on the backs thereof into two groups, then intravenously injected P188 for the treatment group and intravenously injecting physiological saline for the control group, detecting the activity of Na(+)-K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) in the burn wound, and showing the degree of necrosis in the wound by haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemical staining.

Results: In the control group and treatment group, the activity of SDH and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase dropped to the lowest point 24 h after the burn took place, and then increased gradually, but was still far lower than the normal level at the furthest time point.

Morphologic changes and prognosis of the respiratory tract epithelium in inhalation injury and their relationship with clinical manifestations.

Background: We set out to observe the morphologic changes and determine prognosis based on airway epithelial injury after inhalation injury of varying severity using a fiberbronchoscope and to explore the relationship between the severity of epithelial injury and its clinical manifestation.

Methods: Sixty burn patients with an inhalation injury underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Morphologic changes of the airway epithelium were observed, and the inhalation injury was divided into 3 categories based on the severity of the epithelial injury: first-degree injury, in which the airway epithelium had slight hyperemia and edema; second-degree injury, in which obvious epithelial hyperemia and edema, epithelial erosion, or petechial hemorrhage was observes; and third-degree, in which the airway epithelium had necrosis and exfoliation.

Treatment strategies for mass burn casualties.

Background: Mass burn casualties are always a great challenge to a medical team because a large number of seriously injured patients were sent in within a short time. Usually a high mortality is impending. Experiences gained from successful treatment of the victims may be useful in guiding the care of mass casualties in an armed conflict.

Characteristics of and strategies for patients with severe burn-blast combined injury.

Background: Severe burn-blast combined injury is a great challenge to medical teams for its high mortality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical characteristics of the injury and to present our clinical experiences on the treatment of such cases.

Methods: Five patients with severe burn-blast combined injuries were admitted to our hospital 77 hours post-injury on June 7, 2005.

[Application of carbon fiber dressing on burn wounds].

Objective: To observe the effects of carbon fiber dressing on burn wounds.

Methods: Two hundreds and seventy seven burn patients were randomly divided into treatment group (group T) and control group (group C). The burn wounds were covered with carbon fiber dressing in T group, and with povidone iodine gauze in C group, respectively.

A comparative study on the predictive value of digital subtraction angiography and B-mode ultrasonography in evaluating arterial injury in high-voltage electrical burn of the forearm.

To compare the predictive value of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with B-mode ultrasonography in evaluating the arterial injury in high-voltage electrical burn of the forearm, 19 forearms sustaining high-voltage electric burn were examined with DSA and B-mode ultrasonography. During surgery, the involved arteries were examined closely to compare their gross pathology with the results of DSA and B-mode ultrasonography. The thrombotic or necrotic arteries found during surgery were excised and examined pathologically.

[Effects of zinc supplementation on zinc and calcium levels in serum and tissue in burned rats].

Objective: To explore the effects of zinc supplementation on zinc and calcium levels in serum and tissue in burned rats.

Methods: Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into C group (control group without scald, n = 8), and N, W, H groups (each consisting of 24 rats), in which the rats were exposed to scalding resulting in partial thickness burns covering 15% of the total body surface area on the back, and then they were fed with diets containing zinc 40 microg/g in N and W groups, and 80 microg/g in H group. A cream containing zinc 761.

[Application of digital subtraction angiography and type B ultrasonography in the evaluation of vascular injury in patients with high voltage electrical injury].

Objective: To compare the difference between digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and type B ultrasonography in the evaluation of vascular injury in patients inflicted with high voltage electrical injury.

Methods: Nineteen patients with high voltage electrical injury of upper limbs were enrolled in the study as burn group, and another 12 healthy volunteers as controls. The endovascular membrane, vascular wall thickness, intra-vascular blood flow and endovascular thrombosis formation of ulnar and radial arteries at wound site and in regions 5, 10 and 15 cm proximal to the wounds were examined by DSA and type B ultrasonography and compared with imagings of healthy volunteers as control.

[The application of ultrasonography to estimate blood vessel injury of upper limbs sustaining electric burns].

Objective: To explore a new method in estimating extent and degree of arterial injury in upper limbs sustaining high tension electric burns.

Methods: Eighteen patients (twenty-four upper limbs) with high tension electricity injury were admitted from December 1998 to September 2002, The damaged limbs consisted of four parts: wrist wound part, 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm parts around wrist wound, where the radial and ulnar arteries were detected using B ultrasound and color WP Doppler examination. The changes of endangium, vessel diameter, thickness of the vessel wall and volume of blood flow were recorded respectively.

Repair and reconstruction of massively damaged burn wounds.

Objective: To report repair and reconstruction of massively damaged burn wounds under unusual condition.

Methods: One hundred forty-eight patients with deep burn tissue defects admitted from January 1993 through December 2000 were analyzed, among them 96 patients suffered from electrical injury which constituted 65.3% of all cases, 18 patients with hot press injury, 18 cases with deep burns as a result of CO poisoning or epileptic seizure, accounting for 12.

[The application of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of deep electric injury].

Objective: To explore the application of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of deep electric injury.

Methods: HP-IPHX high resolution color and pulse doppler ultrasonography was employed in the study. The hemodynamic indices were determined in the burn wound area and tissues 5 - 15 cm proximal to the wound in 12 patients with deep electric injury.