Associations of Anogenital Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection With Cancer and Acquisition of HIV.

α-Mucosal human papillomavirus (HPV) types are implicated in a range of clinical conditions and categorized as "low-risk" (LR) and "high-risk" (HR) types according to their degree of association with cervical cancers. The causative role of LR HPV infection in the development of anogenital warts and in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions is well established. In addition, there is a growing body of evidence that infection with LR HPV types may be associated with an elevated risk of cancers and potentiation of coinfections.

A comparative study of oxidative DNA damage in mammalian spermatozoa.

Alkaline gel electrophoresis, pulsed field gel electrophoresis, and quantitative PCR analyses (QPCR) of the nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial (mtDNA) genomes were used to assess DNA integrity in the spermatozoa of three species exposed to oxidative stress. In human and murine spermatozoa, the mtDNA was significantly more susceptible to H2O2-mediated damage than nDNA. In both eutherian species, exposure to 250 microM H2O2 induced around 0.