Influence of hydroxyl substitution on the inhibition of flavonoids in advanced glycation end-products formation in glucose-lysine-arginine Maillard reaction models.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) generated from the Maillard reaction (MR) during food processing in the human physiological environment, have been proven to be significantly associated with various chronic metabolic diseases. In this study, 18 flavonoids were investigated to study their effects on AGEs formation during MR within a glucose-lysine-arginine model system. Five AGEs- N-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), N-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL), pyrraline, pentosidine, and argpyrimidine-were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, with inhibitory rates ranging between 0 % and 71.

Identification of genetic factors underlying severe retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants.

Objective: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a pathological condition characterized by abnormal proliferation of retinal vessels and it represents the primary cause of visual impairment in preterm infants. There is increasing backing for the involvement of genetic factors in the onset of ROP.

Methods: A prospective cohort study assessed the allele frequency and genotype distribution of gene polymorphisms in angiogenesis, inflammation and oxygen-sensing pathways in preterm infants with severe ROP.

Host DNA depletion assisted metagenomic sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has greatly improved our understanding of pathogens in infectious diseases such as pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, high human DNA background (> 95%) impedes the detection sensitivity of mNGS in identifying intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), posing a pressing challenge for MTB diagnosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve MTB diagnosis performance in PTB patients.

Molecular Subtyping and Therapeutic Targeting of IFNG-Driven Immunogenic Cell Death in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Immunogenic cell death (ICD) can be triggered by various therapies to induce anti-tumor immune responses, significantly enhancing treatment effectiveness, and is widely utilized in tumor immunotherapy.

Methods: LUAD data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) validated ICD-related molecular subtypes via consensus clustering. Clinical features, ICD genes, driver genes, mutations, tumor microenvironment, immune checkpoints, and drug sensitivity were compared.

Identification of increased dedifferentiation along the Prom1+ cancer cells in Müllerian adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth.

Background: Müllerian adenosarcoma (MA) is a rare tumour accounts for 5-7% of uterine sarcomas. Tumours with sarcomatous overgrowth (MASO) or high-grade tend to be aggressive. However, the tumour aetiology is elusive.

Role of plasma and blood-cell co-metagenomic sequencing in precise diagnosis and severity evaluation of sepsis, a prospective cohort study in sepsis patients.

Purposes: Sepsis caused great clinical burden all over the world. This study clarified the value of plasma metagenomic next-generation sequencing (p-mNGS) and blood cell mNGS (bc-mNGS) in sepsis diagnosis and evaluation.

Methods: One hundred and fourty-seven blood samples were collected from sepsis patients who met sepsis 3.

Fractionation of High-Yield Noncondensed Lignin and Glucan Oligomers from Lignocellulose in a Novel Biphasic System.

Effective fractionation of lignocellulose into hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin is the precondition for full-component valorization. Generally, harsh reaction conditions are used to improve fractionation efficiency, which leads to severe lignin condensation and inhibits its value-added applications. To address this issue, a novel biphasic system consisting of molten salt hydrates (MSHs) and n-butanol was developed for birch fractionation.

Critical review of the criterion of polysaccharide purity.

Natural polysaccharides attract scientists and industries' interest with diverse applications in biomaterials, immune regulation, gut microbiota regulation, food additives, and more. Nevertheless, the absence of standardized purity criteria created significant challenges in characterizing polysaccharides, leading to varied and complicated structures, and impeding progress in research and development. Consequently, it is essential to obtain samples that adhere to high-level and unified purity standards for effective polysaccharide research.

Disrupted Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Functional Connectivity in Parkinson's Disease With Constipation.

Background: Constipation is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), which could manifest during the early stage of the disease. However, the etiology of constipation in PD remains largely unknown. Previous studies supported that gastrointestinal dysfunction may be associated with functional connectivity alterations in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN).

Circulating tumour DNA in predicting and monitoring survival of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing multimodal treatment: long-term results from a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is the standard for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, distant metastasis remains the primary cause of treatment failure. Early identification of high-risk individuals for personalized treatment may offer a solution.

derived outer membrane vesicles mediated bacterial virulence, antibiotic resistance, host immune responses and clinical applications.

is a gram-negative pathogen that can cause multiple diseases including sepsis, urinary tract infections, and pneumonia. The escalating detections of hypervirulent and antibiotic-resistant isolates are giving rise to growing public concerns. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical vesicles containing bioactive substances including lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans, periplasmic and cytoplasmic proteins, and nucleic acids.

Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with unresectable or metastatic mucosal melanoma: 3-year survival update and multi-omics analysis.

Background: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has shown promising efficacy in advanced mucosal melanoma in the multi-centre phase II study. This report updates 3-year survival outcomes and multi-omics analysis to identify potential response biomarkers.

Methods: Forty-three intention-to-treat (ITT) patients received intravenous administration of atezolizumab and bevacizumab every 3 weeks.

Evaluating the efficacy of the endoscopic thyroidectomy via sternocleidomastoid muscle posteroinferior approach in identifying occult lateral cervical lymph node metastasis.

Background: Lateral cervical lymph node metastasis (LLNM) is a well-established prognostic factor influencing recurrence and survival in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the accuracy of preoperative imaging examinations is limited. We have pioneered a minimally invasive technique-endoscopic thyroidectomy via sternocleidomastoid muscle posteroinferior approach (ETSPIA).

Combining static and dynamic functional connectivity analyses to identify male patients with obstructive sleep apnea and predict clinical symptoms.

Background And Purpose: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, leading to brain ischemia and neurological dysfunction. Therefore, it is important to identify features that can differentiate patients with OSA from healthy controls (HC) and provide insights into the underlying brain alterations associated with OSA. This study aimed to distinguish patients with OSA from healthy individuals and predict clinical symptom alterations using cerebellum-whole-brain static and dynamic functional connectivity (sFC and dFC, respectively), with the cerebellum as the seed region.

Peri-operative complications following endoscopic-assisted transoral resection of parapharyngeal space tumors: retrospective analysis of 100 patients.

Purpose: A transoral surgical corridor can provide adequate exposure for extirpation of benign tumors arising from the parapharyngeal space (PPS). However, peri-operative complications following a transoral approach to the PPS have not been sufficiently described. This study retrospectively reviewed patients with PPS tumor extirpated via an endoscopic-assisted transoral approach, aiming to evaluate the safety of this approach and summarize the peri-operative complications.

Altered Density of Resting-State Long- and Short-Range Functional Connectivity in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Purpose: This study is to evaluate the altered number of functional connection (s) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by functional connectivity density (FCD), to investigate its relationship with cognitive function, and to explore whether these features could be used to distinguish OSA from healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: Seventy-six OSA patients and 72 HCs were included in the analysis. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan.

Targeting APE1: Advancements in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors.

With the emergence of the precision medicine era, targeting specific proteins has emerged as a pivotal breakthrough in tumor diagnosis and treatment. Apurinic/apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in DNA repair and cellular redox regulation. This article comprehensively explores the fundamental mechanisms of APE1 as a multifunctional enzyme in biology, with particular emphasis on its potential significance in disease diagnosis and strategies for tumor treatment.

Effect of continuous esketamine infusion on brain white matter microstructure in patients with major depression: A diffusion tensor imaging study.

Introduction: Esketamine has demonstrated acute antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study investigated whether these effects associate with reversible white matter fiber integrity recovery using diffusion imaging.

Method: Twenty patients with MDD and 20 healthy controls received 2-week esketamine treatment.

Volatile organic compounds exposure in relation to glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes in older adults from the NHANES.

The impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on type 2 diabetes (T2D) among older adults is unknown. The multiple linear regression model and the multiple binary logistic regression were used to evaluate the relationships between mVOCs and glucose homeostasis/T2D, respectively. Among the 19 mVOCs, the higher levels of urinary N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (2HPMA, compound CID:44146439) and N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (HPMMA, compound CID:107774684) were significantly associated with higher odds of T2D (OR = 1.

Failure Analysis of Girth Weld Cracking in Gas Transmission Pipelines Subjected to Ground Subsidence and Traffic Loads.

Girth welds are weak points in pipelines, and failures occur frequently. In a gas transmission pipeline, a girth weld experienced cracking, prompting a failure analysis using experimental methods and finite element analysis (FEA). Experimental results showed that X-ray non-destructive testing (NDT) revealed cracks, porosity, and lack of fusion in the girth weld.

An immune scoring system predicts prognosis and immune characteristics in lung adenocarcinoma brain metastases by RNA sequencing.

Background: Previous studies have reported that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) was associated with the prognosis of lung cancer patients and the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, given the significant challenges in obtaining specimens of brain metastases (BrMs), few studies explored the correlation between the TIME and the prognosis in patients with BrMs from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: Transcript profiling of archival formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of BrMs from 70 LUAD patients with surgically resected BrMs was carried out using RNA sequencing.

Overexpression of FBP1 enhances dendritic cell activation and maturation by inhibiting glycolysis and promoting the secretion of IL33 in lung adenocarcinoma.

Fructose 1,6-diphosphatase 1 (FBP1) is an enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis inhibition. Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells, and antigens presented to T cells activate the immune response. FBP1 inhibits the development of several tumors, and high FBP1 expression inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells.