A head-to-head comparison of F-FDG PET/CT and F-FDG PET/MR in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma under different disease settings.

Objective: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are complementary in staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The combination of MRI and functional imaging from PET in PET/MR is promising in NPC management. Diagnostic performance of PET/CT and PET/MR was compared in 46 patients with histologically confirmed NPC under different disease scenarios, including primary non-metastatic cases, primary metastatic cases, recurrence and/or metastasis after treatment, and post-treatment follow-up cases.

Comparison of F-FDG PET/MR and PET/CT for pretreatment TNM staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: F-FDG PET/MR has been applied to the diagnosis and preoperative staging in various tumor types; however, reports using PET/MR in hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) are rare. We investigated the value of PET/MR for preoperative staging and compared it with PET/CT in HCCA.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with HCCA confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.

Dynamic perfusion SPECT for functional evaluation in symptomatic patients with myocardial bridging.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and diagnostic value of myocardial flow reserve (MFR) assessed by rest/stress myocardial perfusion imaging with dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the functional evaluation of myocardial bridge (MB).

Methods: From May 2017 to July 2021, patients with angiographically confirmed isolated MB on the left anterior descending artery (LAD) who underwent dynamic SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging were retrospectively included. The assessment of semiquantitative indices of myocardial perfusion (summed stress scores, SSS) and quantitative parameters (MFR) was performed.

Myocardial injury is a risk factor for 6-week mortality in liver cirrhosis associated esophagogastric variceal bleeding.

This study sought to investigate risk factors for 6-week mortality of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis associated esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) and clinical characteristics of myocardial injury in cirrhotic patients with EGVB. This retrospective cohort study included 249 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis associated EGVB in the Department of Emergency. Patients were divided into two groups including liver cirrhosis associated EGVB without myocardial injury and liver cirrhosis associated EGVB with myocardial injury.

Smart down/upconversion nanomachines integrated with "AND" logic computation and enzyme-free amplification for NIR-II fluorescence-assisted precise and enhanced photodynamic therapy.

Upconversion nanoparticles enable indirect activation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using near-infrared (NIR) light, providing an excellent alternative for treating deep tumors. However, conventional NIR light-triggered PDT systems suffered from low spatiotemporal accuracy and restricted therapeutic efficiency . In this work, DNA logic circuits were functionally modified on down/upconversion nanoparticles (D/UCNPs) to construct smart down/upconversion nanomachines (D/UCNMs) for NIR light-triggered PDT toward target tumors.

Correlation among maximum standardized F-FDG uptake and pathological differentiation, tumor size, and Ki67 in patients with moderately and poorly differentiated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the correlation among the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and tumor differentiation, size, and Ki67 in patients with moderately and poorly differentiate dintrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Materials And Methods: The F-FDG PET/CT imaging data of 116 patients with single ICC lesions confirmed by pathology were retrospectively evaluated. Pathological characteristics of the tumor such as the largest tumor diameter, differentiation, Ki67 expression, SUVmax of the primary tumor, and the tumor to normal background ratio (TNR) were recorded.

Reversible assembly-disassembly of plasmonic spherical nucleic acids enabling temperature-self-controllable and biomarker-activatable photothermal effects.

Since the photothermal heating of plasmonic spherical nucleic acids (pSNAs) depends on the self-assembly level and melting temperature (), a temperature-self-controllable and biomarker-activatable photothermal effect was thus achieved using the -dependent assembly-disassembly of pSNAs.

Role of dual-time point F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the primary diagnosis and staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of dual-time point F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the primary diagnosis and staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA).

Methods: Dual-time point FDG PET/CT findings, including early phase whole-body scanning and abdominal delayed phased performed 1 and 2 h after radiotracer injection, respectively, were retrospective reviewed in 69 patients conformed HCCA by histology. PET/CT was evaluated based on visual interpretation and the semiquantitative index of SUVmax and tumor-to-normal liver tissue ratio (TNR) for both early and delayed images.

Imaging characteristics and prognostic values of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma on F-FDG PET/CT.

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a low-to-intermediate-grade malignant mesenchymal tumor. The diagnostic and prognostic values of 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to patients with HEHE have not been fully validated. Patient survival outcomes (including overall survival [OS] and progression-free survival [PFS]), lesions characteristics and semi-quantitative parameters, in terms of maximum standardized uptake value (SUV), peak SUV (SUV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) on F-FDG PET/CT of 20 cases with HEHE were measured and analyzed.

Functional significance of intermediate coronary stenosis in patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease: A comparison of dynamic SPECT coronary flow reserve with intracoronary pressure-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR).

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of coronary flow reserve (CFR) assessed by rest/stress myocardial perfusion imaging with dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with intracoronary pressure-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) in patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: Patients with suspected or known stable CAD who were referred for invasive coronary angiography were prospectively enrolled. Both invasive FFR and SPECT were performed in subjects with single-vessel intermediate coronary stenosis.

The value of F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing and localising deep sternal wound infection to guide surgical debridement.

Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) is a severe complication in patients after open heart surgery (OHS). But there is a lack of appropriate imaging tool to detect the infection sites, which may lead to incomplete debridement. The present study aims to investigate the value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( F-FDG PET/CT) in comparison with CT scan in diagnosing and localising DSWI.

Diagnostic accuracy of imaging modalities in differentiating xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis from gallbladder cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of radiological imaging in differentiating xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) from gallbladder cancer (GBC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the radiological imaging performed in patients who had pathologically confirmed XGC or GBC between December 2004 to April 2016 was performed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of each imaging modality, and combined imaging modalities were calculated.

Validation of MR-Based Attenuation Correction of a Newly Released Whole-Body Simultaneous PET/MR System.

The aim of this study was to validate quantitative performance of a newly released simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, by using MR-based attenuation correction (MRAC), both in phantom study and in patient study. PET/MRI image uniformities of a phantom under different hardware configurations were tested and compared. Thirty patients were examined with 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) and subsequent PET/MRI.

Impact of patient comfort on diagnostic image quality during PET/MR exam: A quantitative survey study for clinical workflow management.

Background: PET/MR is transferring from a powerful scientific research tool to an imaging modality in clinical routine practice. Whole body PET/MR screening usually takes 30-50 minutes to finish, during which a few factors might induce patient discomfort and further cause degraded image quality. The aim of this report is to investigate the patients' perception of the imaging procedure and its correlation with image quality.

Zero-Extra-Dose PET Delayed Imaging with Data-Driven Attenuation Correction Estimation.

Purpose: Delayed positron emission tomography (PET) imaging may improve sensitivity and specificity in lesion detection. We proposed a PET data-driven method to estimate the attenuation map (AM) for the delayed scan without an additional x-ray computed tomography (CT).

Procedures: An emission-attenuation-scatter joint estimation framework was developed.

Nineteen cases with synchronous multiple primary cancers studied by F-FDG PET/CT.

Objective: To evaluate the value of fluorine -18-fuoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) in evaluating synchronous multiple primary cancers (SMPC).

Methods: Nineteen patients with pathologically-confirmed SMPC were collected. Clinical and F-FDG PET/CT characteristics of these patients were reviewed and analyzed.

Detection of vulnerable atherosclerosis plaques with a dual-modal single-photon-emission computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging probe targeting apoptotic macrophages.

Atherosclerosis (AS), especially the vulnerable AS plaque rupture-induced acute obstructive vascular disease, is a leading cause of death. Accordingly, there is a need for an effective method to draw accurate predictions about AS progression and plaque vulnerability. Herein we report on an approach to constructing a hybrid nanoparticle system using a single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) multimodal probe, aiming for a comprehensive evaluation of AS progression by achieving high sensitivity along with high resolution.

Gastric cancer staging with dual energy spectral CT imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical utility of dual energy spectral CT (DEsCT) in staging and characterizing gastric cancers.

Materials And Methods: 96 patients suspected of gastric cancers underwent dual-phasic scans (arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PP)) with DEsCT mode. Three types of images were reconstructed for analysis: conventional polychromatic images, material-decomposition images, and monochromatic image sets with photon energies from 40 to 140 keV.

Using the K-nearest neighbor algorithm for the classification of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer.

Accurate tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging, especially N staging in gastric cancer or the metastasis on lymph node diagnosis, is a popular issue in clinical medical image analysis in which gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) can provide more information to doctors than conventional computed tomography (CT) does. In this paper, we apply machine learning methods on the GSI analysis of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. First, we use some feature selection or metric learning methods to reduce data dimension and feature space.

Spectral CT imaging of myocardial infarction: preliminary animal experience.

Objectives: To evaluate the capability of spectral CT imaging to detect the different stages and angiogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: MI was surgically induced in 40 rabbits that were evenly divided into four stages of MI: 6 h (6H), 3 days (3D), 7 days (7D) and 14 days (14D). Spectral CT was performed at 10 s, 1 min and 3 min after intravenous contrast medium administration.

Achieving consistent image quality with dose optimization in 64-row multidetector computed tomography prospective ECG gated coronary calcium scoring.

To evaluate the clinical value of a body mass index (BMI) based tube current (mA) selection method for obtaining consistent image quality with dose optimization in MDCT prospective ECG gated coronary calcium scoring. A formula for selecting mA to achieve desired image quality based on patient BMI was established using a control group (A) of 200 MDCT cardiac patients with a standard scan protocol. One hundred patients in Group B were scanned with this BMI-dependent mA for achieving a desired noise level of 18 HU at 2.