Reinforced High-Entropy Fluorite Oxide Ceramic Composites for Thermal Barrier Coating Application.

High-entropy ceramics hold promise for application as thermal barrier coating materials. However, a key challenge in practical applications lies in the low fracture toughness compared to that of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Herein, we designed (Hf,Zr,Ce,)O-AlO (M = Y, Ca, and Gd) ceramic composites by following a set of fundamental guidelines.

Larger perivascular space volume fraction is associated with worse post-stroke sensorimotor outcomes: An ENIGMA analysis.

Background: Perivascular Spaces (PVS) are a marker of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) that are visible on brain imaging. Larger PVS has been associated with poor quality of life and cognitive impairment post-stroke. However, the association between PVS and post-stroke sensorimotor outcomes has not been investigated.

Greater lesion damage is bidirectionally related with accelerated brain aging after stroke.

Regional neuron loss following stroke can result in remote brain changes due to diaschisis and secondary brain atrophy. Whole brain changes post-stroke can be captured by the predicted brain age difference (brain-PAD), a neuroimaging-derived biomarker of global brain health previously associated with poorer chronic stroke outcomes. We hypothesized that greater lesion damage would be longitudinally associated with worsening brain-PAD during subacute stroke, and conversely, that poorer baseline brain-PAD would be associated with enlarged lesion damage.

Ethnicity as a Risk Factor for Early Neurological Deterioration: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes Trial.

Objectives: Nearly 25% of those with a small vessel stroke will develop early neurological deterioration (END). The objectives of this study were to identify clinical risk factors for small vessel stroke-related END and its associated impact on functional outcomes in an ethnically diverse data set.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of the "Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes" trial.

Nonlinear time series analysis of state-wise COVID-19 in Malaysia using wavelet and persistent homology.

The nonlinear progression of COVID-19 positive cases, their fluctuations, the correlations in amplitudes and phases across different regions, along with seasonality or periodicity, pose challenges to thoroughly examining the data for revealing similarities or detecting anomalous trajectories. To address this, we conducted a nonlinear time series analysis combining wavelet and persistent homology to detect the qualitative properties underlying COVID-19 daily infection numbers at the state level from the pandemic's onset to June 2024 in Malaysia. The first phase involved investigating the evolution of daily confirmed cases by state in the time-frequency domain using wavelets.

Reduction of masseter muscle prominence after treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA: Primary results from a randomized phase 2 study.

Background: OnabotA is used to treat masseter muscle prominence (MMP).

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of OnabotA for MMP in a randomized study.

Methods: This 12-month, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study randomized adults (18-50 years of age) with marked/very marked bilateral MMP (≥4 on the Masseter Muscle Prominence Scale [MMPS]) to OnabotA (24, 48, 72, or 96 U) or placebo; retreatment occurred at day 180 if MMPS ≥4.

INDIVIDUAL ARTICLE: Real-World Clinical Experience With a Neuro-Peptide Serum in Combination With Botulinum Toxin Type-A Injections.

We evaluated real-life experiences of a topical neuro-peptide serum containing 2% acetyl hexapeptide-8, 2% dipeptide diaminobutyroyl, 5% polyhydroxy acids (PHA), 5% niacinamide, and 1% laminaria extract (topical neuro-peptide serum [TNP-serum]). The TNP-serum works synergistically by stimulating 9 key skin biomarkers to reduce wrinkles and produce a skin-brightening effect. Here, we highlight the real-life experiences of 5 dermatologists and 2 surgeons, using an integrated skincare regimen consisting of botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A) injection in conjunction with twice daily TNP-serum.

Intra-operative neuromonitoring in paediatric spinal deformity surgery: a retrospective single-centre experience.

Introduction: Intra-operative neuromonitoring including somatosensory evoked potentials, motor evoked potentials, and electromyography, have replaced the Stagnara wake-up test to allow early detection of neurological change during paediatric spinal deformity surgery. It is important for surgeons to recognize alerts triggered by loss of these potentials and act accordingly to prevent iatrogenic neurological damage intra-operatively. This study was conducted to determine the sensitivity and specificity of neuromonitoring alerts in paediatric spinal deformity correction surgery.

Prevalence and factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in Malaysia: a population-based study comparing 2016 and 2022.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses substantial health risks to both mothers and infants. Malaysia exhibits a heightened prevalence of GDM.

Objective: This study aims to examine the changes in the prevalence of GDM between 2016 and 2022 and its determining factors.

Consensus Recommendations for Treatment of the Upper Face With LetibotulinumtoxinA.

One of the authors (K-H. Y.) convened a panel of seven aesthetic experts from South Korea and Australia to create guidelines for treating facial lines of the upper face with letibotulinumtoxinA.

Dual-Locked Enzyme-Activatable Bioorthogonal Fluorescence Turn-On Imaging of Senescent Cancer Cells.

Bioorthogonal pretargeting optical imaging shows the potential for enhanced diagnosis and prognosis. However, the bioorthogonal handles, known for being "always reactive", may engage in reactions at unintended sites with their counterparts, resulting in nonspecific fluorescence activation and diminishing detection specificity. Meanwhile, despite the importance of detecting senescent cancer cells in cancer therapy, current methods mainly rely on common single senescence-associated biomarkers, which lack specificity for differentiating between various types of senescent cells.

Evaluation of jigsaw collaborative learning strategy on students' learning of clinical pharmacokinetics of special populations.

Objectives: To evaluate the learning gain and students' perceptions towards Jigsaw collaborative learning in comparison with lectures in learning about pharmacokinetic changes in special populations.

Methods: Undergraduates learn about A-D-M-E of specific populations via Jigsaw collaborative learning and didactic lectures. Pre- and post-lesson quizzes were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching method in terms of knowledge gain.

Biomarkers and Cognition Study, Singapore (BIOCIS): Protocol, Study Design, and Preliminary Findings.

Background: The focus of medicine is shifting from treatment to preventive care. The expression of biomarkers of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) appear decades before the onset of observable symptoms, and evidence has emerged supporting pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to treat modifiable risk factors of dementia. However, there is limited research on the epidemiology, clinical phenotypes, and underlying pathobiology of cognitive diseases in Asian populations.

Targeted Isolation of Antiviral Labdane Diterpenes from the Bark of (Annonaceae) using LC-MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking.

In the search of new inhibitors for human coronavirus (HCoV), we screened extracts of endemic Annonaceae plants on an assay using a cellular model of Huh-7 cells infected with the human alphacoronavirus HCoV-229E. The EtOAc bark extract of the rare Southeast Asian plant exhibited inhibition of HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2 viruses with IC values of 3.8 and 7.

Antimony-Platinum Modulated Contact Enabling Majority Carrier Polarity Selection on a Monolayer Tungsten Diselenide Channel.

We develop a novel metal contact approach using an antimony (Sb)-platinum (Pt) bilayer to mitigate Fermi-level pinning in 2D transition metal dichalcogenide channels. This strategy allows for control over the transport polarity in monolayer WSe devices. By adjustment of the Sb interfacial layer thickness from 10 to 30 nm, the effective work function of the contact/WSe interface can be tuned from 4.

A holistic lifestyle mobile health intervention for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and common mental disorders in Asian women with a history of gestational diabetes: a randomised control trial with 3-year follow-up protocol.

Background: Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are 12-fold more likely to develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) 4-6 years after delivery than women without GDM. Similarly, GDM is associated with the development of common mental disorders (CMDs) (e.g.

Improvements in motor control are associated with improved quality of life following an at-home muscle biofeedback program for chronic stroke.

Introduction: Chronic stroke survivors with severe arm impairment have limited options for effective rehabilitation. High intensity, repetitive task practice (RTP) is known to improve upper limb function among stroke survivors who have some volitional muscle activation. However, clients without volitional movement of their arm are ineligible for RTP-based interventions and require hands-on facilitation from a clinician or robotic therapy to simulate task practice.

Modulation of the Association Between Corticospinal Tract Damage and Outcome After Stroke by White Matter Hyperintensities.

Background And Objectives: Motor outcomes after stroke relate to corticospinal tract (CST) damage. The brain leverages surviving neural pathways to compensate for CST damage and mediate motor recovery. Thus, concurrent age-related damage from white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) might affect neurologic capacity for recovery after CST injury.