Changes in nutritional status and effectiveness of the dietary intervention of multimodal prehabilitation for patients with colorectal cancer: A secondary analysis of the PREHAB randomized clinical trial.

Background & Aims: Prehabilitation is a preoperative multimodal program including exercise, nutritional, and psychological support. Little is known about changes in nutritional status during prehabilitation.

Methods: This secondary analysis of the PREHAB trial aims to assess changes in nutritional status and explore the effectiveness of a four-week nutritional intervention.

Determinants of socioemotional and behavioral well-being among First Nations children living off-reserve in Canada: A cross-sectional study.

Few studies have focused on off-reserve Indigenous children and families. This nationally representative, cross-sectional study (data collected from 2006 to 2007) examined Indigenous- and non-Indigenous-specific determinants associated with positive socioemotional and behavioral well-being among First Nations children living off-reserve in Canada. The parents or other caregivers of 2990 two-to-five-year-old children (M = 3.

A 2-Day Postpartum CBT-Based Training for Nurses.

Background: Public health nurses (PHNs) are often a first point of contact for postpartum individuals seeking mental health support, but report limited training related to mental health.

Purpose: To determine whether a two-day cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based training program focused on postpartum maternal mental health can improve PHN perceptions of their ability to deliver CBT techniques, their confidence working with distressed clients, and with managing client resistance to treatment recommendations.

Methods: A convenience sample of 45 PHNs working in the Family Health Division of Niagara Region Public Health in Ontario, Canada were assessed before and after they received a two-day CBT-based training program.

Changes in nutritional status and associations with physical and clinical outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia patients during intensive chemotherapy.

Background/objectives: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) often receive medical nutrition therapy (MNT) during intensive remission-induction treatment. Since little is known about changes in nutritional status, specifically body composition, in this patient population, these changes and their associations with physical and clinical outcomes were assessed.

Subjects/methods: In this multicenter prospective observational study, newly diagnosed AML/MDS patients who received intensive remission-induction chemotherapy, routine dietary counseling by a dietician and MNT immediately upon inadequate nutritional intake, were included.

Continuity of mental disorders in children with chronic physical illness.

Data on the chronicity of mental disorder in children with chronic physical illness (CPI) are limited. We examined the prevalence and predictors of homotypic and heterotypic continuity of mental disorder in children with CPI. A sample of 263 children aged 2-16 years with physician-diagnosed CPI were recruited from outpatient clinics (e.

Public health nurse-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for postpartum depression: Assessing the effects of maternal treatment on infant emotion regulation.

The effects of maternal postpartum depression (PPD) on offspring emotion regulation (ER) are particularly deleterious as difficulties with ER predict an increased risk of psychopathology. This study examined the impact of maternal participation in a public health nurse (PHN)-delivered group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention on infant ER. Mothers/birthing parents were ≥ 18 years old with an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥ 10, and infants were < 12 months.

One-Day Peer-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Workshops for Postpartum Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Myriad treatment barriers prevent birthing parents with postpartum depression (PPD) from receiving timely treatment. We aimed to determine whether a peer-delivered online 1-day cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based workshop added to treatment as usual (TAU) improves PPD and its comorbidities and is more cost-effective than TAU alone.

Methods: This parallel-group, randomized controlled trial took place in Ontario, Canada (June 7, 2021, to February 18, 2022).

Healthcare utilization before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among mothers and birthing parents with elevated levels of postpartum depression symptoms.

Little is known about the healthcare utilization of mothers and birthing parents experiencing elevated levels of symptoms of postpartum depression (PPD), particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined how healthcare utilization changed in these individuals during COVID-19. Individuals living in Ontario, Canada, with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale Scores ≥ 10 were recruited into two separate randomized controlled trials of a 1-day intervention for PPD before (pre-COVID-19,  = 441) and during the pandemic (COVID-19,  = 287).

Screen Time and Socioemotional and Behavioural Difficulties Among Indigenous Children in Canada: Temps d'écran et difficultés socio-émotionnelles et comportementales chez les enfants autochtones du Canada.

Objectives: To describe screen time levels and determine their association with socioemotional and behavioural difficulties among preschool-aged First Nations, Métis, and Inuit children.

Method: Data were taken from the Aboriginal Children's Survey, a nationally representative survey of 2-5-year-old Indigenous children in Canada. Socioemotional and behavioural difficulties were defined using parent/guardian reports on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

Mothers' and birthing parents' experiences with 1-day cognitive behavioural therapy-based workshops for postpartum depression: A descriptive qualitative study.

Unlabelled: WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THE SUBJECT?: One in five mothers and birthing parents are affected by postpartum depression (PPD), yet only a small proportion of those with PPD receive treatment. Given cost and accessibility barriers to treatment, brief therapies (e.g.

Children's Shyness, Frontal Brain Activity, and Anxiety in the Perioperative Context.

Although preoperative anxiety affects up to 75% of children undergoing surgery each year and is associated with many adverse outcomes, we know relatively little about individual differences in how children respond to impending surgery. We examined whether patterns of anterior brain electrical activity (i.e.

Medical nutrition therapy during intensive remission-induction treatment and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia patients: Hematologists' experiences and perspectives.

Background & Aims: The European Societies for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) recommend enteral nutrition (EN) as the first-choice medical nutrition therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients undergoing intensive treatments, including high-dose remission-induction chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, parenteral nutrition (PN) remains the preferred method of nutrition support in current clinical practice. The aim of this qualitative study was to gain insight into hematologists' experiences and perspectives regarding the choice and ESPEN/EBMT recommendations on EN versus PN.

Perinatal Depression: A Guide to Detection and Management in Primary Care.

Introduction: Existing guidelines for primary care clinicians (PCCs) on the detection and management of perinatal depression (PD) contain important gaps. This review aims to provide PCCs with a summary of clinically relevant evidence in the field.

Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted by searching PubMed and PsycINFO for articles published between 2010 to 2023.

Online peer-delivered group cognitive-behavioral therapy for postpartum depression: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects up to one in five mothers and birthing parents, yet just 10% receive evidence-based care. This randomized controlled trial aimed to determine if a synchronous online 9-week group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention delivered by mothers who have recovered from postpartum depression (i.e.

Fidelity Assessment of Peer-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Postpartum Depression.

Objective: Fidelity assessment of peer-administered interventions (PAIs) by expert therapists can be costly and limit scalability. This study's objective was to determine whether peer facilitators could assess the fidelity of peer-delivered group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for postpartum depression as effectively as an expert psychiatrist or a trained graduate student.

Methods: Intervention adherence and competence were assessed by three peers (N=9 sessions) and by one expert psychiatrist and one graduate student (N=18 sessions).

Brain structure and function in the fourth decade of life after extremely low birth weight: An MRI and EEG study.

Objective: To examine potential long-term effects of extremely low birth weight (ELBW; ≤ 1000 g) on adult brain structure, brain function, and cognitive-behavioral performance.

Methods: A subset of survivors from the prospectively-followed McMaster ELBW Cohort (n = 23, M = 816 g) and their peers born at normal birth weight (NBW; ≥ 2500 g; n = 14, M = 3361 g) provided T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans, resting electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, and behavioral responses to a face-processing task in their early thirties.

Results: Visual discrimination accuracy for human faces, resting EEG alpha power, and long-distance alpha coherence were lower in ELBW survivors than NBW adults, and volumes of white matter hypointensities (WMH) were higher.

Online Public Health Nurse-Delivered Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Postpartum Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Rates of postpartum depression (PPD) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, further highlighting the need for effective, accessible treatments for PPD. While public health nurses (PHNs) can be trained to help treat PPD, it is not known if they can effectively deliver evidence-based psychotherapies online to those with PPD. Mothers (n = 159) living in Ontario, Canada, with an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥ 10 and an infant < 12 months of age were randomized to receive a 9-week group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention delivered by PHNs over Zoom, between October 2020 and November 2021.

Early neurodevelopment in the offspring of women enrolled in a randomized controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of a nutrition + exercise intervention on the cognitive development of 12-month-olds.

Experimental data on the effects of lifestyle interventions on fetal neurodevelopment in humans remain scarce. This study assessed the impact of a pregnancy nutrition+exercise intervention on offspring neurodevelopment at 12 months of age. The Be Healthy in Pregnancy (BHIP) randomized controlled trial (RCT) randomly assigned pregnant persons with stratification by site and body mass index (BMI) to bi-weekly nutrition counselling and high dairy protein diet, walking goal of 10,000 steps/day plus usual prenatal care (UPC; intervention group) or UPC alone (control group).

Dynamic changes in postnatal growth predict adolescent mental health problems in survivors of extremely low birth weight (ELBW).

Although individuals born at extremely low birth weight (ELBW; ≤1000 g) are known to be at greater risk for mental health problems than individuals born at normal birth weight (NBW; ≥2500 g), contributions of postnatal growth to these relations have not been fully explored. We compared individual differences in the Ponderal Index [(PI; weight(kg)/height(m)] and head circumference (HC) in predicting internalizing and externalizing behaviors in childhood and adolescence in a cohort of ELBW survivors ( = 137) prospectively followed since birth. Baseline models indicated that infants who were born thinner or with smaller HC showed greater PI or HC growth in the first 3 years.

The impact of peer-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for postpartum depression on infant emotion regulation.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects up to one in five and negatively affects mothers, birthing parents, and their infants. The impact of PPD exposure on infant emotion regulation (ER) may be particularly harmful given its associations with later psychiatric problems. It remains unclear if treating maternal PPD can improve infant ER.