PET imaging during hypoglycaemia to study adipose tissue metabolism.

Background: Disturbances in adipose tissue glucose uptake may play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, yet its examination by 2-deoxy-2-[ F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([ F]FDG) PET/CT is challenged by relatively low uptake kinetics. We tested the hypothesis that performing [ F]FDG PET/CT during a hypoglycaemic clamp would improve adipose tissue tracer uptake to allow specific comparison of adipose tissue glucose handling between people with or without type 2 diabetes.

Design: We enrolled participants with or without diabetes who were at least overweight, to undergo a hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemic clamp or a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp (n = 5 per group).

Neurolymphomatosis diagnosed by (18)F-FDG PET-CT.

Neurolymphomatosis is defined as infiltration of the nervous system by hematological malignancy and is difficult to diagnose. We report a case of a 57-year-old man, treated for small B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, presenting with sensorimotor impairment of the lower limbs, which started 6 years after diagnosis. He was treated with chemotherapy, after which, the symptoms disappeared.

Increasing importance of 18F-FDG PET in the diagnosis of neurolymphomatosis.

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is a rare clinical entity that is defined as infiltration of the nervous system by a known or unknown haematological malignancy and is difficult to diagnose. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET imaging is increasingly being used in haematological malignancies. This article focus on the role of 18F-FDG PET in the diagnosis and management of NL by presenting a review of cases described in the literature.

Validation of a high-resolution, phase contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance sequence for evaluation of flow in coronary artery bypass grafts.

The aim was to validate a magnetic resonance high-resolution, phase-contrast sequence for quantifying flow in small and large vessels and to demonstrate its feasibility to measure flow in coronary artery bypass grafts. A breathhold, echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence was developed and validated in a flow phantom using a fast field echo (FFE) sequence as reference. In 17 volunteers aortic flow was measured using both sequences.

Comprehensive assessment of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting by 16-detector-row computed tomography.

Background: Multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) is a versatile modality to evaluate stenoses in native coronary arteries and bypass grafts. Acquired MDCT data can additionally be used to assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The purpose was to use MDCT for the assessment of bypass graft and coronary artery disease combined with evaluation of LVEF.

Hemodynamic evaluation of saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafts: relative merits of Doppler flow velocity and SPECT perfusion imaging.

Background: Coronary angiography is considered the gold standard in evaluating vein graft disease; however, angiography does not allow assessment of hemodynamic consequences of lesions. In this study hemodynamic consequences of significant stenoses in vein grafts were evaluated by Doppler velocity assessment, and results were compared with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion imaging.

Methods And Results: Angiography was performed in 58 patients after coronary artery bypass grafting because of recurrent chest pain.

Evaluation of saphenous vein coronary artery bypass graft flow by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with flow velocity mapping has emerged as a noninvasive method to measure flow in saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafts. The aim of the current study was to retrospectively test two previously described analysis methods on a large CMR data set and to compare their diagnostic accuracy in detecting diseased vein grafts. In 125 vein grafts of 68 patients, volume flow parameters (volume flow, systolic and diastolic peak flow, diastolic-to-systolic flow ratio at rest and during adenosine stress, and flow reserve) were derived from the velocity maps.

Global and regional left ventricular function assessment with 16-detector row CT: comparison with echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Aims: To compare multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) global and regional left ventricular (LV) function assessment with echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).

Methods And Results: In 25 patients, who were referred for noninvasive angiography with 16-detector row CT, LV function assessment was also performed. A subsequent echocardiogram was performed, and in a subgroup of patients, CMR examination was completed to evaluate LV function.

Noninvasive coronary imaging and assessment of left ventricular function using 16-slice computed tomography.

In recent years, multislice computed tomography (MSCT) has been demonstrated to be a feasible imaging modality for noninvasive coronary angiography and left ventricular function analysis. The present study evaluated overall performance of 16-slice MSCT in the detection of significant coronary artery disease, stent, or bypass graft stenosis in combination with global left ventricular function analysis. Forty-five patients underwent 16-slice MSCT.

Noninvasive angiography and assessment of left ventricular function using multislice computed tomography in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Early identification of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with diabetes is important because these patients are at increased risk for CAD and have worse outcome than nondiabetic patients after CAD is diagnosed. Recently, noninvasive coronary angiography and assessment of left ventricular function has been demonstrated with multislice computed tomography (MSCT). The purpose of the present study was to validate this approach in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Functional significance of stenoses in coronary artery bypass grafts. Evaluation by single-photon emission computed tomography perfusion imaging, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and angiography.

Objectives: This study was designed to perform a head-to-head comparison between single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to evaluate hemodynamic significance of angiographic findings in bypass grafts.

Background: The hemodynamic significance of a bypass graft stenosis may not always accurately be determined from the coronary angiogram. A variety of diagnostic tests (invasive or noninvasive) can further characterize the hemodynamic consequence of a lesion.

Blood flow in coronary artery bypass vein grafts: volume versus velocity at cardiovascular MR imaging.

Forty-nine patients with previous bypass surgery underwent coronary angiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of single-vein bypass grafts. Volume flow and velocity analyses were performed and compared on MR velocity maps. Bland-Altman analysis showed close agreement between the two types of analysis.