Acute Exposure to Polyethylene Microbeads and Effects on the Water Flea Moina Macrocopa.

Microplastics merit attention as they can be ingested by lower trophic organisms, transferred to the food web, and pose potential risks to higher trophic levels. This study investigated the accumulation and effects of polyethylene microbeads (PEMBs, 63-75 μm) on adult water flea Moina macrocopa (600-800 μm), an order-magnitude difference in size, as a result of acute exposure. The organisms were exposed to PEMBs in four treatments of 0 (the Control), 5, 50, and 500 mg PEMB/L for examining PEMB accumulation, survival and reproduction of the organisms after the 24- and 48-h exposures.

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Saponins Isolated from Hance.

Species belonging to the (Asteraceae), the largest genus in the tribe Vernonieae (consisting of about 1,000 species), are widely used in food and medicine. These plants are rich sources of bioactive sesquiterpene lactones and steroid saponins, likely including many as yet undiscovered chemical components. A phytochemical investigation resulted in the separation of three new stigmastane-type steroidal saponins (1 - 3), designated as vernogratiosides A-C, from whole plants of .

Cytotoxic activity of steroidal glycosides from the aerial parts of collected in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.

A phytochemical investigation of led to the isolation of eleven steroidal glycosides, including neochlorogenin 6---D-quinovopyranoside (), (22 ,23,25)-3-6,23-trihydroxy-5-spirostane 6---D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-quinovopyranoside (), neochlorogenin 6---L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-quinovopyranoside (), solagenin 6---L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-quinovopyranoside (), paniculonin A (), paniculonin B (), 6α--[-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-D-quinovopyranosyl]-(25)-5α-spirostan-3-ol (), torvoside J (), torvoside K (), torvoside L () and solagenin 6---D-quinovopyranoside (). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR data as well as comparison with the data reported in the literature. Moreover, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against SK-LU-1, HepG2, MCF-7 and T24 cancer cell lines.

Identification Of Potential Cytotoxic Inhibitors From .

A phytochemical investigation of led to the isolation of six withanolides, including withanolide E (), withaperuvin C (), 4-hydroxywithanolide E (), 28-hydroxywithaperuvin C (), physaperuvin G (), and 4-deoxywithaperuvin (). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1 D-NMR and 2 D-NMR data, as well as comparison with the data reported in the literature. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2, SK-LU-1, and MCF7 cancer cell lines.

study on α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of a new stigmastane-type steroid saponin from the leaves of .

Using various chromatographic separations, four compounds, including one new steroid saponin named vernoamyoside E (), were isolated from the leaves of the Vietnamese medicinal plant Delile (Asteraceae). Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods such as 1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and HPLC analysis. The inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and α-amylase of the isolated compounds from were reported for the first time.

Endothelial Nitric Oxide Pathways in the Pathophysiology of Dengue: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Dengue can cause increased vascular permeability that may lead to hypovolemic shock. Endothelial dysfunction may underlie this; however, the association of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) pathways with disease severity is unknown.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational study in 2 Vietnamese hospitals, assessing patients presenting early (<72 hours of fever) and patients hospitalized with warning signs or severe dengue.

root extract as a potential candidate for treatment of early graying hair.

Despite (PM) has been experiencely used as a drug to treat early graying hair phenomenon in Asian countries for a long time, there is limited study examined the real biological effects of PM on hair graying and . In this study, we investigated the effects of PM root extract (PM-RE) on melanin synthesis in human melanoma SKMEL-28 cells and embryos/larvae of wild-type strain AB zebrafish. We also preliminary revealed the molecular mechanism of early hair graying phenomenon in both and models.

Influence of phytochemicals in piper betle linn leaf extract on wound healing.

Background: Wound healing has being extensively investigated over the world. Healing impairment is caused by many reasons including increasing of free-radicals-mediated damage, delaying in granulation tissue formation, reducing in angiogenesis and decreasing in collagen reorganization. These facts consequently lead to chronic wound healing.