What are the limitations of the non-patient-specific implant in titanium reconstruction of the orbit?

There is ongoing discussion about patient-specific implants (PSI) to reconstruct orbital defects. Although PSI offer excellent clinical outcome, they are expensive. Subsequently, their routine application is not indicated.

How Symmetrical Are Bony Orbits in Humans?

Purpose: Establishing the symmetry of intraindividual orbital volumes is crucial for radiologic assessment, preoperative planning, and postoperative outcome evaluation. However, no reliable method exists to measure orbital volume because of problems in defining the bony boundaries of the orbit. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to propose a new approach to analyze human orbits and determine its application for quantifying bony symmetry in a cohort of patients.

What Is the Incidence of Implant Malpositioning and Revision Surgery After Orbital Repair?

Purpose: Postoperative radiographic examinations are the gold standard in maxillofacial surgery, except in orbital reconstruction. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of implant malposition and revision operation after orbital repair.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a level I trauma center at the University Hospital in Bern, Switzerland.

Clinical evaluation of the iterative metal artefact reduction algorithm for post-operative CT examination after maxillofacial surgery.

Objectives: Metal artefacts present challenges to both radiologists and clinicians during post-operative imaging. Such artefacts reduce the diagnostic effectiveness of CT scans and mask findings that could be vital for patient management. Thus, a powerful artefact reduction tool is necessary when imaging patients with metal implants.

Biomechanical evaluation of different angle-stable locking plate systems for mandibular surgery.

Purpose: To compare the initial stability and stability after fatigue of three different locking systems (Synthes(®), Stryker(®) and Medartis(®)) for mandibular fixation and reconstruction.

Method: Standard mandible locking plates with identical profile height (1,5 mm), comparable length and screws with identical diameter (2,0 mm) were used. Plates were fixed with six screws according a preparation protocol.

The role of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in the treatment of facial fractures: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot clinical study. Part 3: Le Fort and zygomatic fractures in 94 patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between the effect of a 5-day and a 1-day postoperative course of antibiotics on the incidence of infection after midfacial fractures. A total of 98 patients with displaced Le Fort or zygomatic fractures that required operation were randomly assigned into 2 groups, both of which were given amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 1.2g intravenously every 8h from the time of admission until 24h postoperatively.

The role of postoperative antibiotics in facial fractures: comparing the efficacy of a 1-day versus a prolonged regimen.

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of the duration of postoperative antibiotics (1 day vs. ≥ 5 days) on wound infections following surgical treatment of facial fractures.

Methods: Three hundred thirty-nine patient case histories with a total of 498 fractures were reviewed retrospectively with regard to infections occurring within a 6-month period following surgical management.

The role of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in the treatment of facial fractures: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot clinical study. Part 2: Mandibular fractures in 59 patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between a 5-day and a 1-day postoperative course of antibiotic on the incidence of infection after mandibular fractures involving the alveolus. Sixty-two patients with fractures of the mandible involving the dentoalveolar region were randomly assigned to 2 groups, both of which were given amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 1.2 g intravenously every 8 h from admission until 24 h postoperatively.

The role of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in the treatment of facial fractures: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot clinical study. Part 1: orbital fractures in 62 patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between the effects of a 5-day and a 1-day course of antibiotics on the incidence of postoperative infection after displaced fractures of the orbit. A total of 62 patients with orbital blow-out fractures were randomly assigned to two groups, both of which were given amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 1.2g intravenously every 8h from the time of admission to 24h postoperatively.

Low-profile titanium mesh in the use of orbital reconstruction: A pilot study.

Objectives/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to share our clinical experience in the use and accuracy of a newly designed, low-profile titanium mesh (Modus OPS 1.5; Medartis, Basel, Switzerland) for primary internal orbital reconstruction.

Study Design: Observational study.

Incidence, aetiology and pattern of mandibular fractures in central Switzerland.

Purpose: The two major causative factors for mandibular fractures, as stated in the literature, are either interpersonal violence or motor vehicle accidents. The purpose of this study was to describe epidemiological trends of mandibular fractures in Switzerland. A special emphasis was directed towards the potential impact of socio-economic standards on the mechanism and pattern of mandible fractures.

Repair of orbital floor fractures using bioresorbable poly-L/DL-lactide plates.

Objective: To assess the long-term clinical and radiologic findings after insertion of a bioresorbable polylactide plates P(L/DL)LA 70/30 implant (PolyMax) in the repair of orbital floor and wall defects, with special focus on stability and clinical signs of foreign-body reaction.

Methods: Forty-six patients who had orbital blowout fractures with at least 1.5-cm(2) bone defects in 1 or 2 walls were included in this retrospective study.

Bone and cartilage wedge technique in posttraumatic enophthalmos treatment.

Objective: To evaluate a new surgical method, using calvarial bone graft combined with a wedge of irradiated homologous costal cartilage, for the revision repair of posttraumatic enophthalmos.

Methods: This retrospective study was performed from January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2007. Eight patients were diagnosed as having unilateral posttraumatic enophthalmos.

Primary tuberculosis of the TMJ: presentation of a case and literature review.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a frequent health problem. The prevalence of extrapulmonary TB has increased in the last couple of years. Head and neck tuberculosis forms nearly 10% of all extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease.

Osteoporosis and bisphosphonates-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: not just a sporadic coincidence--a multi-centre study.

Introduction: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are powerful drugs that inhibit bone metabolism. Adverse side effects are rare but potentially severe such as bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). To date, research has primarily focused on the development and progression of BRONJ in cancer patients with bone metastasis, who have received high dosages of BPs intravenously.

Computer-assisted design and manufacture of implants in the late reconstruction of extensive orbital fractures.

Objective: To evaluate the use of computer-assisted designed and manufactured (CAD/CAM) orbital wall and floor implants for late reconstruction of extensive orbital fractures.

Methods: We performed a retrospective data review on 29 patients treated for extensive orbital fractures from January 1, 1997, through December 31, 2007, at the University College London Hospitals. The use of a CAD/CAM technique based on cross-sectional computed tomographic scans, generating an accurate stereolithographic model, enabled surgeons and technicians to plan and create the best dimension and position of the implant.

Dental injuries in association with facial fractures.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between dental injuries and facial fractures.

Materials And Methods: We performed a prospective study of 273 patients examined at a level 1 trauma center in Switzerland from September 2005 until August 2006 who had facial fractures. Medical history and clinical and radiologic examination findings were recorded to evaluate demographics, etiology, presentation, and type of facial fracture, as well as its relationship to dental injury site and type.

Impact of educational posters on the lay knowledge of school teachers regarding emergency management of dental injuries.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge of school teachers about the emergency management of dental trauma, after an educational poster campaign. A total of 1000 questionnaires were sent to 100 schools in the area where the poster had been distributed. This was compared to another 100 schools (1000 questionnaires) in an area, Where the poster had not been distributed.

Predictors of swallowing outcome in patients treated with surgery and radiotherapy for advanced oral and oropharyngeal cancer.

Retaining effective swallowing is a key element when optimising outcomes in the management of head and neck cancer. We report the functional swallowing outcomes for a cohort of 31 individuals with advanced oral and oropharyngeal cancer who underwent free or pedicled flap reconstruction of surgical defects. Swallowing was assessed pre and immediately post surgery and at four months post treatment.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the tuberculum articulare of the temporomandibular joint: a case report.

A case is presented of a 14-year-old boy with aneurysmal bone cyst of the tuberculum articulare of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This disease rarely involves the skull, and involvement of temporal bone is even more rare. To our knowledge, only 22 cases have been reported in the literature.

Effects of epidermal growth factor on the invasion activity of the oral cancer cell lines HSC3 and SAS.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is excreted in a high concentration in human saliva and modulates the growth and differentiation of various cancer cells. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which EGF affects oral cancer growth and invasion, we analyzed the Matrigel invasion activity of the cultured oral cancer cell line. Cells grown under the influence of EGF were subjected to Matrigel invasion assays and cells grown in the absence of EGF were used as controls.

[Lower eyelid reconstruction of traumatically caused cicatricial entropion with amniotic membrane or mucosal membrane grafts].

Background: A retrospective evaluation was undertaken of eyelid reconstruction with amniotic membrane or oral mucosal membrane transplantation in patients with lower lid cicatricial entropion after orbital surgery.

Patients And Methods: Seven patients (four women) were treated with a scar tissue dissection and an amniotic membrane or mucosal membrane transplantation between 2003 and 2006 (Five amniotic membrane grafts and two oral mucosal membrane grafts). In selected cases additional procedures like a lateral tarsal strip operation, a tarsal fracture, or the reinsertion of the lower lid retractors were performed.

Orbital manifestation of whipple's disease: an atypical case.

Background: Whipple's disease is a systemic disorder caused by an infection with a gram-positive bacillus, Tropheryma whipplei. Almost every organ system can be affected in Whipple's disease, resulting in varying clinical symptoms.

Case Report: As far as we are aware, this report of a 61-year-old male is the first presenting with a periorbital manifestation of the disease, with severe exophthalmos and optic nerve involvement, leading to rapid visual loss.

Soft tissue profile changes following mandibular advancement and setback surgery an average of 12 years postoperatively.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess long-term changes in position of soft tissue landmarks following mandibular advancement and setback surgery.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-seven patients (14 women, 13 men; mean age, 36 years) who had undergone either mandibular advancement (15 patients) or setback surgery (12 patients), were available for a long-term follow-up an average of 12 years postoperatively. In all of these cases, lateral cephalometric radiographs taken immediately before operation, at 1 week, 14 months, and 12 years postoperatively, were studied.