Stuck in separation: Liminality, graffiti arts and the forensic institution as a failed rite of passage.

Forensic psychiatric institutions are tasked with both containment and transformation, with securely policing the border between institution and society and readying patients for return to the community. Forensic institutions can thus be theorised as a form of 'rite of passage', engaged in a process of transformation which both navigates and demarcates social limits. This article contributes to literature on risk and control in clinical institutions by offering a novel theoretical synthesis of features of rites of passage and liminality, as facilitated by an art project in a forensic setting.

National Health and Wellness Survey exploratory cluster analysis of males 40-70 years old focused on erectile dysfunction and associated risk factors across the USA, Italy, Brazil and China.

Objectives: Prior studies of erectile dysfunction (ED) tend to narrowly focus on relationships with specific comorbidities, rather than evaluating a more comprehensive array of risk factors and assessing naturalistic patterns among them. This study identifies natural clusters of male characteristics from a general population sample per country, quantifies ED dynamics in these profiles and compares profiles across the US, Italy, Brazil and China samples.

Methods: National Health and Wellness Survey 2015 and 2016 patient-reported data on men aged 40-70 years (USA n = 15,652; Italy n = 2,521; Brazil n = 2,822; China n = 5,553) were analysed.

Health-related quality of life outcomes, economic burden, and associated costs among diagnosed and undiagnosed depression patients in Japan.

Purpose: Depression is associated with substantial health and economic burden. This study examined the impact of diagnosed and undiagnosed depression on health-related outcomes and costs among Japanese adults.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted using 2012-2014 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (N=83,504) data.

Health-related quality of life outcomes and economic burden of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan.

Purpose: Previous Japanese studies have not compared health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity and activity impairment, health care resource utilization (HRU), and costs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with non-IBD controls, leading to insufficient evidence regarding IBD's true burden. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of IBD on patient-reported outcomes and costs among Japanese adults (≥18 years).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used data from the 2012-2014 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (N=83,505).

Characteristics of patients with neuropathic pain syndromes screened by the painDETECT questionnaire and diagnosed by physician exam.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics, treatment usage, and health outcomes of US adults diagnosed with neuropathic pain (NeP) by experienced physicians.

Methods: Adults with scores exceeding the threshold for probable NeP (painDETECT ≥19) and diagnosed with NeP by a qualified physician completed a questionnaire that included comorbid conditions, pain symptoms and experiences, medication use, health status (3-level EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D-3L]: health utilities index and visual analog scale), pain severity and interference with functioning (Brief Pain Inventory), and work and activity impairment (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire). Descriptive analyses were performed for each NeP subtype.

Perceptions and self-reported competency related to testing, management and treatment of hepatitis C virus infection among physicians prescribing opioid agonist treatment: The C-SCOPE study.

Background: This study evaluated competency related to HCV testing, management and treatment among physicians practicing in clinics offering opioid agonist treatment (OAT).

Methods: C-SCOPE is a study consisting of a self-administered survey among physicians practicing at clinics providing OAT in Australia, Canada, Europe and USA between April-May 2017. A 7-point scale was used to measure < average competence (score >4 of 7) related to HCV testing, management and treatment.

Health-related quality-of-life, work productivity, and economic burden among patients with Parkinson's disease in Japan.

Aims: This study aimed to characterize the burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) by examining health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), impairments to work productivity and daily activities, healthcare resource use, and associated costs among Japanese patients with PD.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used data from the 2009-2014 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS) (n = 144,692). HRQoL (Short Form 36-Item Health Survey version 2), impairments to work productivity and daily activities (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire), healthcare resource utilization, and annual costs were compared between respondents with PD (n = 133) and controls without PD (n = 144,559).

Assessing the Effect of Adherence on Patient-reported Outcomes and Out of Pocket Costs Among Patients With Multiple Myeloma.

Background: The present study characterized the effect of multiple myeloma (MM) on work productivity, health care resource usage, and out of pocket costs (OOPCs) and examined the association of adherence with quality of life (QoL) and productivity loss.

Materials And Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 162 patients categorized by their 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4) score (4 vs. ≤ 3).

Treatment Dosing Patterns and Clinical Outcomes for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Starting or Switching to Treatment with Insulin Glargine (300 Units per Milliliter) in a Real-World Setting: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Usage patterns and effectiveness of a longer-acting formulation of insulin glargine at a strength of 300 units per milliliter (Gla-300) have not been studied in real-world clinical practice. This study evaluated differences in dosing and clinical outcomes before and after Gla-300 treatment initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes starting or switching to treatment with Gla-300 to assess whether the benefits observed in clinical trials translate into real-world settings.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study using medical record data obtained by physician survey for patients starting treatment with insulin glargine at a strength of 100 units per milliliter (Gla-100) or Gla-300, or switching to treatment with Gla-300 from treatment with another basal insulin (BI).

The burden of multiple sclerosis in Japan.

Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system. Few studies have examined the effect of MS on patient outcomes in Japan. The study aim was to quantify MS burden in Japan by comparing MS respondents to matched controls on patient outcomes.

Establishment and Evaluation of an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention Program.

Background: In female high school athletes, soccer continues to be a high-risk sport for sustaining an anterior cruciate ligament injury. Literature reviews indicate the best injury prevention programs (IPPs) focus on increasing core strength and proprioception in this age group.

Purpose: An IPP was created for a small Midwestern high school girls' soccer team.

An introduction to physical therapy modalities.

Timely and appropriate rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries is the most effective way of restoring full function and decreasing the likelihood of recurrence of the same injury. Application of specific physical therapy modalities and therapeutic exercises is based on the stages of healing. A typical physical therapy protocol progresses sequentially through the following phases: pain control, restoring range of motion, restoring strength, neuromuscular retraining, and return to full activity.

The physical and psychological experience of pain: the effects of labeling and cold pressor temperature on three pain measures in college women.

Using the cold pressor test, three experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of water temperature and labeling on three dependent measures in college women: behavioral pain tolerance (BPT), a sensory rating of the pain experience (SR) and a parallel affective rating of the experience (AR). Temperature of the cold pressor was varied as the physical factor; labels (discomfort, pain, vasoconstriction pain) were varied as the psychological factor. Experiment I varied only water temperature; colder temperatures led to significantly lower BPT scores and significantly higher SR and AR scores.

Predicting three mood phenomena from factors and facets of the NEO-PI.

The relationship between transient mood phenomena and enduring personality characteristics was studied. Eighty-one women completed the NEO Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1985) and provided daily unidimensional mood ratings for 20 days. Average mood was negatively related to Neuroticism (N) and positively related to Extraversion (E).

Species-specific long range interactions between receptor/ligand pairs.

Total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM) monitors Brownian fluctuations in elevation as small as 1 nm by measuring the scattering of a single sphere illuminated by an evanescent wave when the sphere is levitated by colloidal forces such as electrostatic double-layer repulsion. From the Boltzmann distribution of elevations sampled by the sphere over time, the potential energy profile can be determined with a resolution of approximately 0.1 of the thermal energy kT.

Effect of "wet nights" on daytime behavior during concurrent treatment of enuresis and conduct problems.

The case study reported in this paper focuses on the relationship between bedwetting and misconduct after the implementation of behavior therapy for both problems. A 6 1/2-year-old girl was treated for enuresis and subsequently for conduct problems (lying, aggressiveness). After both bedwetting and misconduct displayed substantial and stable improvement, it was found that occasional nightly relapses in bedwetting were strongly associated with the occurrence of misconduct the following day.

Effects of television on children and adolescents.

The average child born today will, by age 15, have spent more time watching television than going to school. Research has shown that heavy doses of TV violence viewing are associated with the development of aggressive attitudes and behavior. TV viewing also appears to cultivate stereotypic views of gender roles and race.

Voluntary control of reversible figures.

This study was designed to demonstrate that voluntary control of the perception of reversible figures is possible. Within the context of a fully counterbalanced design, some subjects were given instructions as to which side of a reversible screen or staircase to keep closer while others served as no instruction controls. As predicted, voluntary control was clearly demonstrated over both figures.

A delivery system for the treatment of primary enuresis.

To illustrate how to deliver underutilized psychological treatments, a comprehensive, low-cost treatment for primary enuresis was developed consisting of bell-and-pad training, cleanliness training, retention control, and overlearning. Sixty primary enuretic children and their parents attended 1-hour group training sessions and implemented treatment in the home. Each case required 15 minutes of professional time, and net cost to each family was +50.

Radiocarbon dating using electrostatic accelerators: negative ions provide the key.

Mass spectrometric methods have long been suggested as ways of measuring (14)C/(12)C ratios for carbon dating. One problem has been to distinguish between (14)N and (14)C. With negative ions and a tandem electrostatic accelerator, the (14)N background is virtually absent and fewer than three (14)C atoms in 10(16) atoms of (12)C have been easily measured.