Summer-born struggle: The effect of school starting age on health, education, and work.

Children starting school older consistently exhibit better educational outcomes. In this paper, we underscore child development as a mechanism driving this effect. Using unique administrative data on health examinations, we study the causal effect of school starting age (SSA) on a child's probability of being diagnosed with special educational needs in early grades.

Does external medical review reduce disability insurance inflow?

This paper investigates the effects of introducing external medical review for disability insurance (DI) in a system relying on treating physician testimony for eligibility determination. Using a unique policy change and administrative data from Switzerland, I show that medical review reduces DI incidence by 23%. Incidence reductions are closely tied to difficult-to-diagnose conditions, suggesting inaccurate assessments by treating physicians.

Identification of microcystins in cyanobacteria from the Bleiloch former drinking-water reservoir (Thuringia, Germany).

The presence of microcystins in cyanobacterial samples collected from the Bleiloch reservoir, formerly an important drinking-water supply in Thuringia, Germany, was proven by application of a combination of recently developed analytical methods. The raw extracts were cleaned by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) or solid-phase extraction (SPE). The determination of microcystins was achieved by different HPLC separation followed by the application of alternative detection methods (UV, diode array detection (DAD), and mass spectrometry (MS), respectively).

[Relevance of urinary enzyme determination for the diagnosis and follow-up of kidney injuries and secondary kidney damage--results of a prospective study].

In a prospective study we examined and confirmed the suitability of urinary enzyme determinations for the diagnosis and control of kidney injuries. Overall, 186 patients were included in the study. 68 patients had blunt lumbar, thoracic and abdominal traumata.

[The problem of malabsorption after resection of the small intestine].

During the period from 1971 to 1981 in 145 patients (108 adults and 37 children) partial resections of the intestine were practiced (in the surgical clinic of the Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena). Fatality on the whole was about 25%. The surgical intervention with an extensive resection (more than 150 cm) was well tolerated by seven among 13 patients.

Investing in rare books and manuscripts.

The lecture treats the rapidly escalating values of rare books and manuscripts both as financial and as scholarly investments. The text suggests new areas for collecting which may be pursued in today's market with an eye to an increasing intellectual and monetary return.

[Radiologic diagnosis of fracture-healing disorders].

Complex radiologic examination comprises tomography and fistulography as well as arteriography and phlebography. This programme can be extended by intraarterial perfusion scintigraphy, 133Xe-muscle clearance as well as quantified bone scintigraphy using 99m-TC-diphonate.

[Intestinal haemorrhage in infants and children (author's transl)].

From 1968 to 1977 at the Paediatric Surgical Dept. of the Surgical Clinic of Jena/GDR 160 children with gastro-intestinal haemorrhage were seen. Half of them were not older than 1 year.