Structural immunology of costimualtory and coinhibitory molecules.

The T cell costimulatory pathways are central to regulating immune responses, and targeting these pathways represents one of the most promising approaches for achieving immunotherapy. The molecular structures of costimulation revealed invaluable mechanistic insights underlying costimulatory receptor/ligand specificity, affinity, oligomeric state, and valency, which provided the bases for better manipulation of these signaling pathways. The incredible growth of this field led to identification of new members and unexpected interactions, revealing a complicated regulatory network of immune responses.

[Study on the influence of maternal physiology, mentality and prenatal health care on children born with low birth weight].

Objective: To explore the role of maternal physiology, mentality and prenatal health care on low birth weight (LBW).

Methods: A LBW-small for gestation age (SGA)-control group retrospective study was conducted based upon a population of infants born from November 2004 to June 2006. 896 cases involved in this study were entirely under voluntary participation and subject could withdraw their consent at any point.

[Epidemiological study on 38 418 syphilis cases during pregnancy].

Objective: To explore the prevalence of syphilis and risk factors on pregnant women in Fujian province.

Methods: From July 1st, 2004 to June 30th, 2006, epidemiologic methods as questionnaires to fill in and rapid plasma reagent testing (RPR) were performed. Pregnant women with positive RPR test and then were confirmed by treponema pallidum test (TP).

[Study on interventional methods and the pattern of maternal-fetal transmission of syphilis during pregnancy].

Objective: To explore the maternal-fetal transmission patterns and interventional methods of syphilis during pregnancy.

Methods: A total of 847 cases of syphilis in pregnancy confirmed by rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) and treponema pallidum hemoagglutination test (TPHA) were treated with procaine benzylpenicillin intramuscular injection, and with erythrocin oral medication if hypersensitive to benzylpenicillin. Eight hundred forty seven cases of syphilis during pregnancy were followed up for pregnancy outcomes.

[An intervention study on preventing maternal-fetal transmission of syphilis during pregnancy].

Objective: To study the prevalence and principal rules of women with syphilis during pregnancy and to develop relative methods to prevent maternal-fetal transmission.

Methods: A nested case control study on epidemiologic research was used based on review and preview methods on prevention and cure. Targeting pregnant women with syphilis diagnosed during premarital or pregnancy stages and were identified through rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) but confirmed by treponema pallidum test (TP),a total number of 339 women receiving treatment, intervention and being followed throughout the pregnant and neonatal periods.