Bixa orellana ethyl acetate fraction and its isolated compound ellagic acid attenuate the progression of MIA-induced osteoarthritis in rat knees.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathology that is characterized by progressive erosion of articular cartilage. In this context, medicinal plants have become relevant tools regarding their potential role in the prevention and treatment of OA, being safe and effective. The aim of this work was investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the ethyl acetate fraction of Bixa orellana leaves (BoEA) and ellagic acid (ElAc) for the therapeutic treatment of OA induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rats.

Molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 variants in circulation in the state of Maranhão, Brazil.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a coronavirus belonging to the beta CoV genus, responsible for SARS in humans, which became known as COVID-19. The emergence of variants of this virus is related to the presence of cases of reinfection, reduced vaccine effectiveness and greater transmission of the virus. Objective: In this study, we evaluated the molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in the state of Maranhão.

Antimicrobial effect of quercetin against Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterium that causes serious infections, including pneumonia. The limited range of available vaccines and the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria mean that new treatments are needed. This study looked at the potential of quercetin as an antimicrobial agent against S.

Chemical Characterization and Leishmanicidal Activity In Vitro and In Silico of Natural Products Obtained from Leaves of (L.) H. Rob (Asteraceae).

(L.) H. Rob is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of several infections.

Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract of , alone and in Combination with Calcium Hydroxide, Is Effective against Mono- and Polymicrobial Biofilms of and .

Failures in endodontic treatments are mostly associated with the difficulty in eradicating microbes of the root canal system, highlighting the need to develop novel effective antimicrobials. (pomegranate) leaf hydroalcoholic extract may be a potential alternative in canal dressing, owing to its antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of (HEPg) alone or in combination with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) against and in isolation and in mono- and polymicrobial biofilms.

Ethyl Acetate Fraction of and Its Galloyl-HHDP-Glucose Compound, Alone or in Combination with Fluconazole, Have Antifungal and Antivirulence Properties against spp.

Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection among immunocompromised patients. Its treatment includes the use of antifungals, which poses limitations such as toxicity and fungal resistance. Plant-derived extracts, such as , have been reported to have antimicrobial activity, but their antifungal effects are still unknown.

The ongoing evolution of variants of concern and interest of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil revealed by convergent indels in the amino (N)-terminal domain of the spike protein.

Mutations at both the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the amino (N)-terminal domain (NTD) of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike (S) glycoprotein can alter its antigenicity and promote immune escape. We identified that SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil with mutations of concern in the RBD independently acquired convergent deletions and insertions in the NTD of the S protein, which altered the NTD antigenic-supersite and other predicted epitopes at this region. Importantly, we detected the community transmission of different P.

A Potential SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Interest (VOI) Harboring Mutation E484K in the Spike Protein Was Identified within Lineage B.1.1.33 Circulating in Brazil.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Brazil was dominated by two lineages designated as B.1.1.

Population-based seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and the herd immunity threshold in Maranhão.

Objective: To estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the state of Maranhão, Brazil.

Methods: A population-based household survey was performed, from July 27, 2020 to August 8, 2020. The estimates considered clustering, stratification and non-response.

Brazilian Consortium for the Study on Renal Diseases Associated With COVID-19: A Multicentric Effort to Understand SARS-CoV-2-Related Nephropathy.

Kidney involvement appears to be frequent in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite this, information concerning renal involvement in COVID-19 is still scarce. Several mechanisms appear to be involved in the complex relationship between the virus and the kidney.

Identification and seasonality of rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in asthmatic children in tropical climate.

Introduction: Asthma is a disease that has been associated with the presence of different genetic and socio-environmental factors.

Objective: To identify and evaluate the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (RV) in asthmatic children and adolescents in tropical climate, as well as to assess the socioeconomic and environmental factors involved.

Methods: The study was conducted in a referral hospital, where a total of 151 children were recruited with a respiratory infection.

Standardized Extract Shows Cytoprotective Effects in Zoledronic Acid-Treated Fibroblasts and Osteoblasts.

Introduction: Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a condition associated with intraoral ulceration and bone necrosis induced by antiresorptive medications, such as zoledronic acid, a bisphosphonate. Previous data on (H&B.) Verlot wound healing activity prompted the study reported herein on standardized hydro alcoholic extract in vitro cytoprotective activity data on epithelial and osteoblastic cells exposed to zoledronic acid (ZA).

Corrigendum: GalloylHexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-Glucose Isolated From . Leaves Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Acute Lung Injury in BALB/c Mice.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.

GalloylHexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-Glucose Isolated From . Leaves Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Acute Lung Injury in BALB/c Mice.

The hydroalcoholic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of leaves have been known to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of galloyl-hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-glucose isolated from pomegranate leaves on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Male BALB/c mice were treated with different doses of galloyl-HHDP-glucose (5, 50, and 100 mg/Kg) or dexamethasone at 5 mg/Kg () 6 h after intra-tracheal instillation of LPS.

High incidence of rhinovirus infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia from a city in the Brazilian pre-Amazon region.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of child death worldwide. Viruses are the most common pathogens associated with CAP in children, but their incidence varies greatly. This study investigated the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, human rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-NL63), and influenza A virus (FluA) in children with CAP and the contributing risk factors.

Effects of Resistance Training on Immunoinflammatory Response, TNF-Alpha Gene Expression, and Body Composition in Elderly Women.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of resistance training on the immunologic response, body composition, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression obtained from blood leukocytes, and the cytokines interleukin-6, TNF-alpha, and C-reactive protein (CRP), in the elderly women (mean age 63 ± 2 y). A randomized controlled trial was performed using a bi-set training method for eight weeks in nineteen elderly women. Peripheral blood samples were collected by puncture in pretraining (Pre) and posttraining (Post) moments.

Hydroalcoholic Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Leaves Decrease the Inflammatory Response to Subsp. .

The incidence of infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), especially subsp. (), is increasing worldwide. Severe infections are associated with abscess formation and strong inflammatory response.

Identification of specific antibodies against the Ag85C-MPT51-HspX fusion protein (CMX) for serological screening of tuberculosis in endemic area.

Objectives: Development of new tools for rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is considered a strategy for controlling the disease. The recombinant CMX fusion protein is composed of immunodominant epitopes of the Ag85C (Rv0129c), MPT51 (Rv3803c) and the entire HspX (Rv2031c) proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (Mtb). The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of a test using the CMX protein in individuals suspected of TB.

Pharmacogenomics of anti-platelet therapy focused on peripheral blood cells of coronary arterial disease patients.

Background: To investigate genes differentially expressed in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) from patients with coronary arterial disease (CAD) under double anti-platelet therapy.

Methods: Twenty-six CAD patients that were submitted to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were selected to participate in this study. These patients took 100mg/day of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and 75mg/day of clopidogrel.

CD14 and IL6 polymorphisms are associated with a pro-atherogenic profile in young adults with acute myocardial infarction.

This study investigated the relationship of polymorphisms in genes encoding CD14, IL-6 and TLR4 with metabolic, inflammatory and endothelial markers in young adults with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Glucose, lipids, nitrate and inflammatory markers, flow mediated vasodilatation (FMV) and flow mediated by nitrate (FMN) were evaluated in 102 AMI and 108 non-AMI (control group) young individuals (<45 years). CD14 -260C>T (rs2569190), IL6 -174G>C (rs1800795) and TLR4 c.

Time course proteomic profiling of human myocardial infarction plasma samples: an approach to new biomarker discovery.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify novel candidate biomarker proteins differentially expressed in the plasma of patients with early stage acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using SELDI-TOF-MS as a high throughput screening technology.

Methods: Ten individuals with recent acute ischemic-type chest pain (<12 h duration) and ST-segment elevation AMI (1STEMI) and after a second AMI (2STEMI) were selected. Blood samples were drawn at six times after STEMI diagnosis.