Community-based physical and social activity for older adults with mild frailty: a rapid qualitative study of a collaborative intervention pilot.

Background: Intervening to modify frailty trajectories may be critical to maintain health and independence in later life. The Active Ageing Programme (AAP) is a 16-week community-based intervention for older people with mild frailty that combines physical activity and social interaction. The programme aims to positively impact resilience and wellbeing, changing the physical, mental and social factors that impact on frailty trajectories.

Optimization of Potent and Selective Cyclohexyl Acid ERAP1 Inhibitors Using Structure- and Property-Based Drug Design.

Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) cleaves the -terminal amino acids of peptides, which can then bind onto major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) molecules for presentation onto the cell surface, driving the activation of adaptive immune responses. In cancer, overtrimming of mature antigenic peptides can reduce cytotoxic T-cell responses, and ERAP1 can generate self-antigenic peptides which contribute to autoimmune cellular responses. Therefore, modulation of ERAP1 activity has potential therapeutic indications for cancer immunotherapy and in autoimmune disease.

Non-exercise-based interventions to support healthy ageing in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background And Objectives: Healthy ageing is a multidimensional construct, where various factors play a role in influencing wellbeing in older age. Many studies heavily emphasise the importance of physical activity, negating other aspects such as psychosocial or cognitive influences. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-exercise-based interventions on the quality of life (QoL) and life satisfaction of community-dwelling, healthy older adults.

Proximity labeling reveals new functional relationships between meiotic recombination proteins in S. cerevisiae.

Several protein ensembles facilitate crossover recombination and the associated assembly of synaptonemal complex (SC) during meiosis. In yeast, meiosis-specific factors including the DNA helicase Mer3, the "ZZS" complex consisting of Zip4, Zip2, and Spo16, the RING-domain protein Zip3, and the MutSγ heterodimer collaborate with crossover-promoting activity of the SC component, Zip1, to generate crossover-designated recombination intermediates. These ensembles also promote SC formation - the organized assembly of Zip1 with other structural proteins between aligned chromosome axes.

Variable gain DNA nanostructure charge amplifiers for biosensing.

Electronic measurements of engineered nanostructures comprised solely of DNA (DNA origami) enable new signal conditioning modalities for use in biosensing. DNA origami, designed to take on arbitrary shapes and allow programmable motion triggered by conjugated biomolecules, have sufficient mass and charge to generate a large electrochemical signal. Here, we demonstrate the ability to electrostatically control the DNA origami conformation, and thereby the resulting signal amplification, when the structure binds a nucleic acid analyte.

DNA-PAINT Probe Modifications Support High-Resolution Imaging with Shorter Binding Domains.

DNA-based Points Accumulation for Imaging in Nanoscale Topography (DNA-PAINT) is an effective super resolution microscopy technique, and its optimization is key to improve nanoscale detection. The state-of-the-art improvements that are at the base of this optimization have been first routinely validated on DNA nanostructure devices before being tested on biological samples. This allows researchers to finely tune DNA-PAINT imaging features in a more controllable environment.

Considering occupational performance during recovery of distal radius fracture: A scoping review.

Introduction: Distal radius fracture (DRF) is one of the most common upper extremity fractures treated by hand therapists and can lead to chronic physical impairment and reduced occupational performance. This scoping review aimed to reveal what is currently known about occupational performance following DRF and to explore if and how occupational performance is defined and considered in the research.

Methods: This review was guided by the PRISMA-Scoping review and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines.

UK homecare providers' views about, and experiences of, digitalisation: A national survey.

Objective: Using digital systems to support the management and delivery of social care is a priority for UK governments. This study explored progress towards, and experiences of, digitalisation in the homecare sector and providers' views on contributing client data to a national policy/research dataset.

Methods: Over 150 UK homecare providers completed an on-line survey (October-December 2022).

Heat-induced structural and chemical changes to a computationally designed miniprotein.

The de novo design of miniprotein inhibitors has recently emerged as a new technology to create proteins that bind with high affinity to specific therapeutic targets. Their size, ease of expression, and apparent high stability makes them excellent candidates for a new class of protein drugs. However, beyond circular dichroism melts and hydrogen/deuterium exchange experiments, little is known about their dynamics, especially at the elevated temperatures they seemingly tolerate quite well.

Telehealth Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in People Living with Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Feasibility Pilot Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of telehealth-based cognitive behavior therapy for people living with cognitive impairment experiencing anxiety (Tele-CBT), and to assess whether this leads to improvements in anxiety, depression, and quality of life post-intervention.

Methods: This was a single-blind randomized feasibility pilot trial of the Tele-CBT versus usual care. People living with mild cognitive impairment or dementia experiencing anxiety were recruited and randomized to receive Tele-CBT ( = 5) or continue usual care ( = 5).

CarFreeMe™-Dementia: Potential Benefits of a Driving Retirement Intervention Supporting Persons With Dementia and Their Families.

Background And Objectives: Driving retirement can be a necessary but challenging and emotionally complex transition, especially for people living with dementia. This pilot study evaluated the utility of CarFreeMe™-Dementia (CFM™-D), a telehealth intervention providing tailored education and social support to those living with dementia and their care partners, as they prepare for or adjust to driving retirement. Delivered by empathetic health professionals, CFM™-D is a person-centric, flexible program tailored to address challenges specific to the participants' driving retirement stage and individualized contexts.

DNA nanostructure decoration: a how-to tutorial.

DNA Nanotechnology is being applied to multiple research fields. The functionality of DNA nanostructures is significantly enhanced by decorating them with nanoscale moieties including: proteins, metallic nanoparticles, quantum dots, and chromophores. Decoration is a complex process and developing protocols for reliable attachment routinely requires extensive trial and error.

Pain/Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants.

Introduction: Preterm infants experience tremendous early life pain/stress during their neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization, which impacts their neurodevelopmental outcomes. Mitochondrial function/dysfunction may interface between perinatal stress events and neurodevelopment. Nevertheless, the specific proteins or pathways linking mitochondrial functions to pain-induced neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants remain unidentified.

Understanding family carer experiences and perceptions of engagement in delirium prevention and care for adults in hospital: Qualitative systematic review.

Aim: To identify, describe and synthesise what is known about family carers' experiences and perspectives of engagement in delirium prevention and care for adults in hospital.

Design: Systematic review and synthesis of qualitative evidence.

Data Sources: Comprehensive literature search within PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Central and PsycInfo databases to August 2022.

Creating a consumer-driven global community of practice to support action within environmental design with people living with dementia: assistive technology challenges and opportunities.

The environment, and assistive technologies as part of this, can play an important role in supporting the participation and wellbeing of people living with dementia. If not considered, environments can be overwhelming and disempowering. Disability approaches including environmental considerations and assistive technology were often not offered routinely with people living with dementia.

Experiences of living with hip osteoarthritis and of receiving advice, education and ultrasound-guided intra-articular hip injection in the hip injection trial. A qualitative study.

Objectives: The Hip Injection Trial (HIT) compared the effectiveness of adding a single ultrasound-guided intra-articular injection of either corticosteroid and local anaesthetic or local anaesthetic alone to advice and education among people with hip osteoarthritis (OA). This nested qualitative study explored participants' experiences of living with hip OA and of the trial treatment they received.

Method: Semi-structured telephone interviews were undertaken with a purposeful sample of trial participants after a 2-month trial follow-up.

A qualitative study exploring the experiences and needs of people living with young onset dementia related to driving cessation: 'It's like you get your legs cut off'.

Background: driving disruptions have significant impact on individuals living with dementia, their care partners and family members. Previous studies show that for older people with dementia, stopping driving is one of the hardest things that they cope with. To date, no studies exist that address the expressed needs and experiences of people living with young onset dementia (YOD) who are adjusting to life without driving, whose needs are not well understood and whose needs might be expected to differ from those of older people with dementia.

Kynurenine monooxygenase regulates inflammation during critical illness and recovery in experimental acute pancreatitis.

Kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO) blockade protects against multiple organ failure caused by acute pancreatitis (AP), but the link between KMO and systemic inflammation has eluded discovery until now. Here, we show that the KMO product 3-hydroxykynurenine primes innate immune signaling to exacerbate systemic inflammation during experimental AP. We find a tissue-specific role for KMO, where mice lacking Kmo solely in hepatocytes have elevated plasma 3-hydroxykynurenine levels that prime inflammatory gene transcription.

A single-blind, parallel-group randomised trial of a Technology-assisted and remotely delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy intervention (Tech-CBT) versus usual care to reduce anxiety in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: study protocol for a randomised trial.

Background: Anxiety is commonly experienced by people living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Whilst there is strong evidence for late-life anxiety treatment using cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and delivery via telehealth, there is little evidence for the remote delivery of psychological treatment for anxiety in people living with MCI and dementia. This paper reports the protocol for the Tech-CBT study which aims to investigate the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, usability and acceptability of a technology-assisted and remotely delivered CBT intervention to enhance delivery of anxiety treatment for people living with MCI and dementia of any aetiology.

Still in first gear: Exploration of barriers for implementing driving cessation support.

Objective: Driving cessation is a major life transition; lack of support in this process may lead to deleterious outcomes in terms of physical, mental and social well-being. Despite approaches to driving cessation being developed, their integration into ongoing geriatric clinical practice has been slow.

Methods: Health-care providers were surveyed about their impressions of the barriers and facilitators to implementing a driving cessation intervention as part of regular clinical services.