A case report on POEMS syndrome with high parathyroid hormone and repeated surgery, a rare presentation of a rare disease.

Introduction: Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease that is named for its constellation which can easily be mistaken for other disorders.

Case Presentation: In present study we evaluated a 39-year-old man with hypercalcemia and parathyroid hormone. He underwent two failed surgeries for parathyroid adenoma but due to the presence of other features of the syndrome, a diagnosis of POEMS syndrome was made.

Inequalities in the prevalence, diagnosis awareness, treatment coverage and effective control of diabetes: a small area estimation analysis in Iran.

Objective: This study aims to assess geographic inequalities in the prevalence, awareness of diagnosis, treatment coverage and effective control of diabetes in 429 districts of Iran.

Methods: A modelling study by the small area estimation method, based on a nationwide cross-sectional survey, Iran STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) 2016, was performed. The modelling estimated the prevalence, awareness of diagnosis, treatment coverage, and effective control of diabetes in all 429 districts of Iran based on data from available districts.