Spatiotemporal Bayesian modeling of the risk of congenital syphilis in São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

The aim of this study is to analyze the spatiotemporal risk of congenital syphilis (CS) in high-prevalence areas in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, and to evaluate its relationship with socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental variables. An ecological study was conducted based on secondary CS data with spatiotemporal components collected from 310 areas between 2010 and 2016. The data were modeled in a Bayesian context using the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) method.

Cirrhosis regression after SVR with indirect methods of fibrosis analysis: How far is it real?

Hepatitis C virus has infected over 71 million people worldwide, and it is the main cause of cirrhosis in the western world. Currently, the treatment involves direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) and its main goal is to achieve sustained virologic response (SVR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of SVR using DAAs in the improvement of liver fibrosis using scores evaluation by indirect method, liver function, and inflammation indirect biomarkers.

Assessment of functional health literacy in Brazilian carers of older people.

Unlabelled: Individuals with low health literacy have less knowledge of their own health condition. Carers play a key role in older people's activities of daily living.

Objective: to evaluate the performance of carers of older people using the S-TOFHLA (Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults) and to identify caregiver characteristics associated with low functional health literacy.

Influence of the inflammatory response on treatment of hepatitis C with triple therapy.

Introduction: Chronic hepatitis C is a leading cause of liver disease. Infection triggers an immediate immune response in the host that is mediated by humoral/cellular mechanisms. T cells respond to infection via secretion of cytokines, which inhibit or stimulate one another, leading to cytokine imbalance and ultimately affecting treatment.

Spatial risk of death in patients with AIDS in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To analyze the spatial risk of AIDS mortality in census tracts in a large Brazilian city.

Method: We studied three retrospective cohorts of individuals with AIDS, who were residents in the city of Campinas, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The occurrence of death was analyzed from 1980 to 1990 (cohort 1), 1996 to 2000 (cohort 2), and from 2001 to 2005 (cohort 3).

Frequency of dementia among elderly admitted to a Geriatrics Inpatients Sector of a Brazilian public hospital.

Unlabelled: Patients with dementia are commonly admitted to inpatient sectors. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of dementia among elderly inpatients admitted to the Geriatrics Sector of a Brazilian Tertiary University Hospital, and to identify associations between dementia and clinical and sociodemographic factors.

Methods: All patients admitted to the Geriatrics Sector of a public Brazilian university-hospital from March 1 2014 to January 31 2015 were assessed by geriatricians.

[Spatial analysis of counting data with excess zeros applied to the study of dengue incidence in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil].

Dengue incidence occurs predominantly within city limits. Identifying spatial distribution of the disease at the local level helps formulate strategies to control and prevent the disease. Spatial analysis of counting data for small areas commonly violates the assumptions of traditional Poisson models due to the excessive amount of zeros.

Long-term outcome of severe acute kidney injury survivors followed by nephrologists in a developing country.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of patients after a severe episode of acute kidney injury (AKI) on survival and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to identify risk factors associated with these outcomes.

Methods: We performed a prospective study that evaluated the long-term outcome of 509 AKI stage 3 patients who were followed by nephrologists in a Brazilian University Hospital from 2004 to 2013.

Results: Age was 60.

The absence of the human platelet antigen polymorphism effect on fibrosis progression in human immunodeficiency virus-1/hepatitis C virus coinfected patients.

Introduction: Hepatic fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infections has been associated with viral and host factors, including genetic polymorphisms. Human platelet antigen polymorphisms are associated with the rapid development of fibrosis in HCV-monoinfected patients. This study aimed to determine whether such an association exists in human immunodeficiency virus-1/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients.

Prevalence of the hepatitis C virus among University employees in São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil: predictive factors and geoprocessing spatial analysis.

Background: There are limited studies on the prevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Objective Identify the prevalence and risk factors for HCV infection in university employees of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: Digital serological tests for anti-HCV have been performed in 3153 volunteers.

Human Platelet Polymorphism can be a genetic marker associated with HIV/HCV coinfection.

To evaluate the associations of HPA polymorphisms -1, -3, and -5 with HIV/HCV coinfection were included in this study 60 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients from the Sao Paulo State health service centers. Data reported by Verdichio-Moraes et al. (2009: J.

Spatial distribution of dengue incidence and socio-environmental conditions in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, 2007.

This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue risk and its association with socio-environmental conditions. This was an ecological study of the counts of autochthonous dengue cases in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, in the year 2007, aggregated according to 47 coverage areas of municipal health centers. Spatial models for mapping diseases were constructed with Bayesian hierarchical models, based on Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA).

Disproportionate pregnancy-induced myocardial hypertrophy in women with essential hypertension.

Background: Pregnancy and arterial hypertension (AH) have a prohypertrophic effect on the heart. It is suspected that the 2 conditions combined cause disproportionate myocardial hypertrophy. We sought to evaluate myocardial hypertrophy (LVH) and left ventricular function in normotensive and hypertensive women in the presence or absence of pregnancy.

Dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical determinants of uric acid in free-living adults.

Background: High plasma uric acid (UA) is a prerequisite for gout and is also associated with the metabolic syndrome and its components and consequently risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Hence, the management of UA serum concentrations would be essential for the treatment and/or prevention of human diseases and, to that end, it is necessary to know what the main factors that control the uricemia increase. The aim of this study was to evaluate the main factors associated with higher uricemia values analyzing diet, body composition and biochemical markers.

Associations between bioelectrical impedance parameters and cardiovascular events in chronic dialysis patients.

Purpose: Malnutrition and fluid overload contribute to the poor cardiovascular prognosis of dialysis patients. Since bioelectrical impedance analysis is an option for the evaluation of body composition and for the monitoring of hydration state, it may assist in the identification of subjects at high cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between bioelectrical impedance parameters and cardiovascular events.

Dietary factors associated with metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults.

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is defined as the association of numerous factors that increase cardiovascular risk and diet is one of the main factors related to increase the MS in the population. This study aimed to evaluate the association of diet on the presence of MS in an adult population sample.

Methodology: 305 adults were clinically screened to participate in a lifestyle modification program.

Human platelet antigen genotype is associated with progression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C.

Although progression of fibrosis in the chronic hepatitis C depends on environmental, viral, and host factors, genetic polymorphisms have been associated recently with this progression, including the expression of integrins, adhesion proteins. Some integrins expressed on the platelet membrane show polymorphic antigenic determinants called human platelet antigens (HPA), where the major ones are HPA-1, -3, -5. The association between HCV infection and HPA-5b has been demonstrated.

Does radioiodine therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer increase the frequency of another malignant neoplasm?

Objectives. To compare the frequency of another primary malignancy in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) who received radioiodine therapy or not ((131)I). Material and Methods.

Influence of protein intake and muscle mass on survival in chronic dialysis patients.

Introduction: Some studies suggest that high body mass index (BMI) confers survival advantage in dialysis patients, but BMI does not differentiate muscle from fat mass, and the survival advantage conferred by its increase seems to be limited to patients with high muscle mass. Thus, discriminating body components when evaluating nutritional status and survival is highly important. This study evaluated the influence of nutritional parameters on survival in patients on chronic dialysis.

Association between atherosclerotic aortic plaques and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with cerebrovascular events.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this research was to evaluate whether an association exists between the presence of atherosclerotic plaque in the thoracic aorta and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with a cerebrovascular event.

Methods: We included 116 consecutive patients (79 men; mean age, 62+/-12.4 years) with previous history of stroke or transient ischemic attack in a cross-sectional study.

Logistic regression analysis of potential prognostic factors for pulmonary thromboembolism.

Objective: To identify potential prognostic factors for pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), establishing a mathematical model to predict the risk for fatal PTE and nonfatal PTE.

Method: The reports on 4,813 consecutive autopsies performed from 1979 to 1998 in a Brazilian tertiary referral medical school were reviewed for a retrospective study. From the medical records and autopsy reports of the 512 patients found with macroscopically and/or microscopically documented PTE, data on demographics, underlying diseases, and probable PTE site of origin were gathered and studied by multiple logistic regression.