Effect of Surgical Start Time on Length of Stay, Morbidity Rate, and Surgical Risk in Elective Total Hip Arthroplasty.

There is conflicting literature regarding the effect of surgical start time for total hip arthroplasty (THA) on morbidity. This study examined outcomes between start time groups in elective THA. A retrospective review identified patients undergoing elective cementless primary THA between 2009 and 2019.

Anterior variable angle locking neutralisation plate superiority over traditional tension band wiring for treating transverse patella fractures.

Purpose: This paper investigates the biomechanical benefits of using hybrid constructs that combine cannulated screws with tension band wiring (TBW) cerclage compared to cannulated screws with anterior Variable Angle locking neutralisation plates (VA LNP). These enhancements can bear heavier loads and maintain the repaired patella's integrity, in contrast to traditional methods.

Method: Eighteen fresh-frozen human cadaver patellae were carefully fractured transversely at their midpoints using a saw.

Precision soft tissue balancing: grid-assisted pie-crusting in total knee arthroplasty.

Introduction: The varus and valgus knee deformities result from imbalance in tension between medial and lateral soft tissue compartments. These conditions need to be addressed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there is no consensus on optimal soft-tissue release techniques for correcting varus and valgus deformities during TKA.

Predicting Metacarpal Anatomic Lengths via Adjacent Metacarpals.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to generate validated prediction rules for metacarpal lengths that can be applied without the need for computation tools to assist with restoration of anatomic length after fracture and utilizes only ipsilateral metacarpals.

Methods: The anatomic lengths of all hand bones in 50 hands (25 men, 25 women) were used along with linear regression subset analysis to determine which metacarpals are the most predictive of each other. The most predictive metacarpals were then used to generate simple addition and subtraction prediction rules via simplifying the linear equation generated with linear regression analysis.

Advising Orthopaedic Hopefuls in the Wake of a Pass/Fail US Medical Licensing Examination Step 1: A Proposed Method for Predicting US Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 Clinical Knowledge Outcomes.

Introduction: Matching into orthopaedic residency has become difficult, and the US Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 transition to pass/fail scoring has complicated the process. Advisors' ability to mentor students has decreased, and program directors may rely on Step 2 Clinical Knowledge (CK) scores in selecting which candidates to interview. This study aims to offer a method to predict Step 2 CK outcomes based on preadmission and preclinical performance.

A Type IV Extension Supracondylar Fracture With Comminuted Fracture Pattern: A Case Report.

Case: A three year, 11 month old girl sustained a right displaced extension supracondylar fracture (ESF) of the humerus with comminution of the lateral column after an indoor fall. At surgery, fracture reduction showed multidirectional instability. Adequate reduction was achieved by applying longitudinal traction of the arm with partial elbow flexion and forearm supination.

A Transplant or a Patch? A Review of the Biologic Integration of Meniscus Allograft Transplantation.

» After transplantation revascularization does occur although data are only available for animal models.» The time zero biomechanics, that is, the biomechanical properties at the time of transplant, of a meniscus allograft transplantation appear to appropriately mimic the original so long as the graft is sized correctly within 10% of the original and bone plug fixation is used.» Allograft type, that is, fresh vs.

The Effect of Metacarpal Shortening on Finger Strength and Joint Motion: A Cadaveric Biomechanical Study.

Purpose: Discrepancies exist between previous biomechanical and clinical studies when determining acceptable metacarpal shortening after metacarpal fractures. This study aimed to determine the amount of acceptable shortening after a metacarpal fracture before finger motion and strength is compromised.

Methods: We defrosted ten fresh-frozen cadaveric hands.

Microenvironmental control of hematopoietic stem cell fate via CXCL8 and protein kinase C.

Altered hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate underlies primary blood disorders but microenvironmental factors controlling this are poorly understood. Genetically barcoded genome editing of synthetic target arrays for lineage tracing (GESTALT) zebrafish were used to screen for factors expressed by the sinusoidal vascular niche that alter the phylogenetic distribution of the HSC pool under native conditions. Dysregulated expression of protein kinase C delta (PKC-δ, encoded by prkcda) increases the number of HSC clones by up to 80% and expands polyclonal populations of immature neutrophil and erythroid precursors.

Transcription factor induction of vascular blood stem cell niches in vivo.

The hematopoietic niche is a supportive microenvironment composed of distinct cell types, including specialized vascular endothelial cells that directly interact with hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). The molecular factors that specify niche endothelial cells and orchestrate HSPC homeostasis remain largely unknown. Using multi-dimensional gene expression and chromatin accessibility analyses in zebrafish, we define a conserved gene expression signature and cis-regulatory landscape that are unique to sinusoidal endothelial cells in the HSPC niche.

Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: This review investigates the role of gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations in COVID-19, particularly with regard to the prevalence of isolated gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library for COVID-19 publications from 1 December 2019 to 18 May 2020. We included any study that reported the presence of GI symptoms in a sample of >5 COVID-19 patients.

Common variants in signaling transcription-factor-binding sites drive phenotypic variability in red blood cell traits.

Genome-wide association studies identify genomic variants associated with human traits and diseases. Most trait-associated variants are located within cell-type-specific enhancers, but the molecular mechanisms governing phenotypic variation are less well understood. Here, we show that many enhancer variants associated with red blood cell (RBC) traits map to enhancers that are co-bound by lineage-specific master transcription factors (MTFs) and signaling transcription factors (STFs) responsive to extracellular signals.

RNA helicase DDX21 mediates nucleotide stress responses in neural crest and melanoma cells.

The availability of nucleotides has a direct impact on transcription. The inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) with leflunomide impacts nucleotide pools by reducing pyrimidine levels. Leflunomide abrogates the effective transcription elongation of genes required for neural crest development and melanoma growth in vivo.

CXCR1 remodels the vascular niche to promote hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell engraftment.

The microenvironment is an important regulator of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) biology. Recent advances marking fluorescent HSPCs have allowed exquisite visualization of HSPCs in the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT) of the developing zebrafish. Here, we show that the chemokine and its receptor, , are expressed by zebrafish endothelial cells, and we identify signaling as a positive regulator of HSPC colonization.