Bayesian multi-exposure image fusion for robust high dynamic range ptychography.

The limited dynamic range of the detector can impede coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) schemes from achieving diffraction-limited resolution. To overcome this limitation, a straightforward approach is to utilize high dynamic range (HDR) imaging through multi-exposure image fusion (MEF). This method involves capturing measurements at different exposure times, spanning from under to overexposure and fusing them into a single HDR image.

Liver, NAFLD and COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by a wide clinical spectrum that includes abnormalities in liver function indicative of liver damage. Conversely, people with liver diseases are at higher risk of severe COVID-19. In the current review, we summarize first the epidemiologic evidence describing the bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and liver function/liver diseases.

Fluoride: changes in knowledge and prescription habits of paediatricians for 11 years in Brittany, France.

Aims: To assess via a questionnaire the changes in knowledge and prescription habits for systemic fluoride of physicians at maternal and infant protection centres (MIP) and paediatricians in private practice (PPP) in the Brittany region between 2003 and 2014.

Methods: In both 2003 and 2014, the same seven-question survey was mailed to PPP (110 in 2003 and 101 in 2014) and MIP (61 in 2003 and 71 in 2014). An eighth question was added in 2014 about French guidelines published in 2008 (AFSSAPS guidelines).

Modeling sustainable reuse of nitrogen-laden wastewater by poplar.

Numerical modeling was used to simulate the leaching of nitrogen (N) to groundwater as a consequence of irrigating food processing wastewater onto grass and poplar under various management scenarios. Under current management practices for a large food processor, a simulated annual N loading of 540 kg ha(-1) yielded 93 kg ha(-1) of N leaching for grass and no N leaching for poplar during the growing season. Increasing the annual growing season N loading to approximately 1,550 kg ha(-1) for poplar only, using "weekly", "daily" and "calculated" irrigation scenarios, yielded N leaching of 17 kg ha(-1), 6 kg ha(-1), and 4 kg ha(-1), respectively.

Enhanced vadose zone nitrogen removal by poplar during dormancy.

A pilot-scale, engineered poplar tree vadose zone system was utilized to determine effluent nitrate (NO3(-)) and ammonium concentrations resulting from intermittent dosing of a synthetic wastewater onto sandy soils at 4.5°C. The synthetic wastewater replicated that of an industrial food processor that irrigates onto sandy soils even during dormancy which can leave groundwater vulnerable to NO3(-) contamination.

Field performance of alternative landfill covers vegetated with cottonwood and eucalyptus trees.

A field study was conducted to assess the ability of landfill covers to control percolation into the waste. Performance of one conventional cover was compared to that of two evapotranspiration (ET) tree covers, using large (7 x 14 m) lined lysimeters at the Leon County Solid Waste management facility in Tallahassee, Florida. Additional unlined test sections were also constructed and monitored in order to compare soil water storage, soil temperature, and tree growth inside lysimeters and in unlined test sections.

Pathologic and hematologic responses to surgically implanted transmitters in eastern massasauga rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus).

The study of secretive snakes, such as rattlesnakes, has benefited from the use of radiotelemetry. However, the principal assumption in telemetry studies is that the transmitter has no significant effect on the study animal. To test the validity of this assumption, the physiologic and pathologic effects of intracoelomic implants were examined in a group of 24 eastern massasauga rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) in a laboratory setting over a period of 58 wk between March 2005 and April 2006.

Temperature and sperm incorporation in polyploid salamanders.

Although most animals reproduce sexually, a number of all-female groups exist. Triploid hybrid salamanders appear to maintain themselves by using a male's sperm to activate their eggs, after which the sperm nucleus is eliminated (gynogenesis). The incidence of sperm nuclear incorporation in eggs of these salamanders depends on temperature.

Reproduction and the origin of polyploids in hybrid salamanders of the genus Ambystoma.

Eggs and larvae produced by diploid, triploid, and tetraploid females collected from breeding ponds on Pelee Island in Lake Erie were studied to examine the reproductive mechanism. No instance of parthenogenesis was found as all examined females required sperm to produce viable progeny. Diploid females produced diploid and triploid larvae, triploid females produced triploid and tetraploid larvae, and tetraploid females produced triploid and tetraploid larvae.

Uptake of 14C DDT by wood frog embryos after short term exposure.

Wood frog embryos at four different developmental stages and three temperatures were subjected to 0.025 ppm 14C DDT for 24 hr. Embryos within jelly capsules at stages 13, 16 and 18 accumulated about 0.