Comparison of Different Decompensation Approaches on Facial Profile in Orthodontic-Orthognathic Treatment for Skeletal Class III Patients.

Background: The objective of the present study was to assess the hard and soft tissue differences of skeletal Class III malocclusion patients treated with orthodontic-orthognathic surgery treatment between two decompensation approaches including extraction of maxillary premolars in preoperative orthodontics and clockwise rotation of the maxilla in orthognathic surgery.

Methods: 22 skeletal Class III patients with the crowding of maxillary dental arch less than 3mm were included in this study. These patients were divided into two groups: extraction group and non-extraction group.

Multifunctional DNA dendrimer nanostructures for biomedical applications.

DNA nanomaterials have attracted ever-increasing attention over the past decades due to their incomparable programmability and multifunctionality. In particular, DNA dendrimer nanostructures, as a major research focus, have been applied in the fields of biosensing, therapeutics, and protein engineering, benefiting from their highly branched configuration. With the aid of specific recognition probes and inherent signal amplification, DNA dendrimers can achieve ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids, proteins, cells, and other substances, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and exosomes.

Dopamine suppresses osteoclast differentiation via cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway.

How the nervous system regulates bone remodeling is an exciting area of emerging research in bone biology. Accumulating evidence suggest that neurotransmitter-mediated inputs from neurons may act directly on osteoclasts. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that can be released by hypothalamic neurons to regulate bone metabolism through the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

Extracellular production of recombinant N-glycosylated anti-VEGFR2 monobody in leaky Escherichia coli strain.

Objective: To improve the production yield of N-glycosylated anti-VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) monobody (FN3-Gly) in lpp knockout Escherichia coli cells harboring Campylobacter jejuni N-glycosylation pathway.

Results: The leaky CLM37-Δlpp strain efficiently secreted FN3-Gly into culture medium. The extracellular levels of glycosylated FN3-Gly in CLM37-Δlpp culture medium were approximately 11 and 15 times higher compared to those in CLM37 cells via IPTG and auto-induction, respectively.

Improving production of N-glycosylated recombinant proteins by leaky .

has been considered as a promising host for the production of N-glycosylated therapeutic proteins and glycoconjugate vaccines. In this study, we developed a simple and efficient strategy for improving the production of N-glycosylated recombinant proteins by combining auto-induction with the use of a leaky strain. A leaky strain, designated as CLM37-Δ, was engineered by deleting the Braun's lipoprotein () gene of strain CLM37.

CDDO-Me, Sulforaphane and tBHQ attenuate the RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation via activating the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response.

Metabolic bone diseases are global public health concerns and are primarily caused by uncontrolled osteoclast (OC) formation and activation. During OC differentiation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulated by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) can serve as the signaling molecules to promote osteoclastic genes expression. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2), a master mediator of cellular antioxidant response, also plays a critical role in OC differentiation through the regulation of redox homeostasis.

Increased glycosylation efficiency of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli by auto-induction.

Escherichia coli cells have been considered as promising hosts for producing N-glycosylated proteins since the successful production of N-glycosylated protein in E. coli with the pgl (N-linked protein glycosylation) locus from Campylobacter jejuni. However, one hurdle in producing N-glycosylated proteins in large scale using E.

Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Upregulation by Phenylephrine Reduces Radiation Injury in Submandibular Gland.

Purpose: Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer commonly leads to radiation sialadenitis. Emerging evidence has indicated that phenylephrine pretreatment reduces radiosensitivity in the salivary gland; however, the underlying cytoprotective mechanism remains unclear. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is not only a key enzyme for the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage pathway, but also a cytokine participating in cell survival, metabolism, and longevity, with a broad effect on cellular functions in physiology and pathology.

Effect of Phenylephrine Pretreatment on the Expressions of Aquaporin 5 and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase in Irradiated Submandibular Gland.

Radiotherapy for malignant tumors of the head and neck commonly leads to radiation-induced sialadenitis as a result of radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction. We demonstrated previously that phenylephrine could protect the irradiated submandibular gland against apoptosis, although the mechanism is unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of phenylephrine pretreatment on the expressions of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) that were presumed to have a role in radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction.

Expression of bone-related genes in bone marrow MSCs after cyclic mechanical strain: implications for distraction osteogenesis.

Aim: Understanding the response of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to mechanical strain and their consequent gene expression patterns will broaden our knowledge of the mechanobiology of distraction osteogenesis.

Methodology: In this study, a single period of cyclic mechanical stretch (0.5 Hz, 2,000 microepsilon) was performed on rat bone marrow MSCs.

[Response of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to mechanical stretch and gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta and insulin-like growth factor-II under mechanical strain].

Objective: To study the response of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to a single period of mechanical strain and expression patterns of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) after mechanical stretch.

Methods: Bone marrow MSCs were isolated from SD rats and cultured in vitro. A four-point bending apparatus were used to perform a single period of mechanical strain (2000 microepsilon, 40 min) on MSCs.

[Osteoblastic differentiation and gene expression profile change in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after a single period of mechanical strain].

Objective: To evaluate the osteoblastic differentiation and compare the difference in the gene expression of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) affected by a single period of mechanical strain.

Methods: Bone marrow MSCs were harvested from the femurs and tibiae of SD rats and cultured in vitro. A four-point bending apparatus were used to perform a single 40-minute period of 2,000 microepsilon mechanical strain on these MSCs.

Mandibular distraction osteogenesis enhanced by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats.

Objective: This study was to observe the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on new bone formation in a rat mandibular osteodistraction model.

Material And Methods: Autologous bone marrow stem cells were obtained from tibiae of 40 male rats. Two weeks after cell harvest, the rats underwent right mandibular distraction and were then randomly divided into two groups (group A=20, group B=20).

[The changes of cytoskeleton F-actin in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and calvarial osteoblasts under mechanical strain].

Objective: To explore the response of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs and calvarial osteoblasts to mechanical strain and the consequent changes of cytoskeleton F-actin.

Methods: Bone marrow MSCs and calvarial osteoblasts were isolated from SD rats and cultured in vitro. Mechanical stretch was performed on passage 3 cells at 2 000 microepsilon for 0, 2, 6 and 12 hours using four-point bending system.