Robust Impact Effect and Super-Lyophobic Reduced Galinstan on Polymers Applied for Energy Harvester.

In this paper, we present a novel reduced Galinstan-based microfluidic energy harvester, which can converse kinetic energy to electricity from an arbitrary vibration source. Firstly, the wetting behaviors of reduced Galinstan are performed, which shows a robust impact effect on polymer substrates. Moreover, the electric circuit model of the reduced Galinstan-based energy harvester is made and discussed by the use of the EDLCs (electrical double layer capacitors).

Mechanical characterization of TiO nanowires flexible scaffold by nano-indentation/scratch.

Mechanical properties of nanowires (NWs) flexible scaffold biomaterials with open pores and channels are important factors to cell reorganize in growth for tissue regeneration engineering. However, accurate test the mechanical properties of the NWs scaffold is still a challenge because of their flexible property and porous structure. Herein, we measured the mechanical characterizes of TiO nanowires (TiONWs) flexible scaffold by multi-loads, multi-displacements mixed verification method in nano-indentation/scratch.

Water-Switchable Interfacial Bonding on Tooth Enamel Surface.

Tooth enamel is a distinctive nanocomposite with a highly organized hierarchical structure made of nanometer- and micrometer-scale building blocks. This structure has an excellent mechanical function that can last for decades thanks to an effective but underexploited interfacial chemical bonding between the building blocks. In this study, the nanomechanical system test (NST), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD, including powder XRD or PXRD, small angle XRD or SAXRD, and grazing incidence small angle XRD or GISAXRD), and atomic force microscope (AFM) have been employed to analyze the water-mediated bonding on the enamel surface.

Enamel crystallite strength and wear: nanoscale responses of teeth to chewing loads.

The nanoscale responses of teeth to chewing loads are poorly understood. This has contributed to debate concerning the aetiology of enamel wear and resistance to fracture. Here we develop a new model for reactions of individual hydroxyapatite nanofibres to varying loads and directions of force.

The role of food stiffness in dental microwear feature formation.

Objective: The etiology of dental microwear is incompletely understood, despite copious documentation of wear patterns from wild and captive specimens across numerous vertebrate taxa. Among the contested issues with respect to microwear formation is the question of whether materials softer than enamel (specifically, foods themselves) can produce wear features.

Design: We examine the creation of enamel microwear features in vitro from foods that vary in hardness and toughness on a sample of mammalian lower molars (pig, bear, deer, and primate).

Technical note: An in vitro study of dental microwear formation using the BITE Master II chewing machine.

Dental microwear has been used for decades to reconstruct the diets of fossil hominins and bioarchaeological populations. The basic theory has been that hard-brittle foods (e.g.