Artificial intelligence-driven volumetric CT outcome score in cystic fibrosis: longitudinal and multicenter validation with/without modulators treatment.

Objectives: Holistic segmentation of CT structural alterations with 3D deep learning has recently been described in cystic fibrosis (CF), allowing the measurement of normalized volumes of airway abnormalities (NOVAA-CT) as an automated quantitative outcome. Clinical validations are needed, including longitudinal and multicenter evaluations.

Materials And Methods: The validation study was retrospective between 2010 and 2023.

Chest tube placement incidence when using gelatin sponge torpedoes after pulmonary radiofrequency ablation.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of the gelatin torpedoes embolization technique after lung neoplastic lesions percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) to reduce chest tube placement rate and hospital length of stay, and the safety of this embolization technique.

Materials And Methods: A total of 114 PRFA of lung neoplastic lesions performed in two centers between January 2017 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Two groups were compared, with 42 PRFA with gelatin torpedoes embolization technique (gelatin group) and 72 procedures without (control group).

Pneumothorax Incidence with Normal Saline Instillation for Sealing the Needle Track After Computed Tomography-Guided Percutaneous Lung Biopsy.

Purpose: To determine whether instillation of normal saline solution for sealing the needle track reduces incidence of pneumothorax and chest tube placement after computed tomography-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 242 computed tomography-guided percutaneous lung biopsies performed at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed, including 93 biopsies in which the needle track was sealed by instillation of 3-5 ml of normal saline solution during needle withdrawal (water seal group) and 149 biopsies without sealing (control group). Patient and lesion characteristics, procedure-specific variables, pneumothorax and chest tube placement rates were recorded.

Generating High-Resolution Synthetic CT from Lung MRI with Ultrashort Echo Times: Initial Evaluation in Cystic Fibrosis.

Background Lung MRI with ultrashort echo times (UTEs) enables high-resolution and radiation-free morphologic imaging; however, its image quality is still lower than that of CT. Purpose To assess the image quality and clinical applicability of synthetic CT images generated from UTE MRI by a generative adversarial network (GAN). Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who underwent both UTE MRI and CT on the same day at one of six institutions between January 2018 and December 2022.

Detection and quantification of pulmonary embolism with artificial intelligence: The SFR 2022 artificial intelligence data challenge.

Purpose: In 2022, the French Society of Radiology together with the French Society of Thoracic Imaging and CentraleSupelec organized their 13th data challenge. The aim was to aid in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, by identifying the presence of pulmonary embolism and by estimating the ratio between right and left ventricular (RV/LV) diameters, and an arterial obstruction index (Qanadli's score) using artificial intelligence.

Materials And Methods: The data challenge was composed of three tasks: the detection of pulmonary embolism, the RV/LV diameter ratio, and Qanadli's score.

[Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in interstitial lung diseases].

In some cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD), clinical and biological findings associated with CT scan pattern during multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) fail to yield a confident diagnosis. In these cases, histology may be necessary. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is a bronchoscopic procedure that has been developed in recent years and currently contributes to diagnostic work-up in patients with ILD.

Safety of High-Frequency Jet Ventilation During Image-Guided Thermal Ablation Procedures.

Rationale And Objective: Percutaneous thermal ablative technique is a common radiological procedure for malignant lesions treatment. Controlled assisted ventilation during general anesthesia is the usual mode of ventilation, but high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) can be a helpful alternative for the operator. The objective was to evaluate the safety of HFJV during thermal ablation procedures.

[Immune-related pneumonitis: A differential diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia].

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the management of many cancers and achieved efficacy and durable response for some patients, including those with advanced cancers. However, immunotherapy is associated with side effects caused by the infiltration of immune cells into normal tissues, which can lead to disproportionate dysimmune reactions. While mostly of moderate intensity, these side effects can affect any organ, including the lung, the site of occasionally life-threatening interstitial lung disease.

Evaluation of the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) Scale in a cohort of patients recovering from hypoxemic SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Introduction: COVID-19 sequelae are numerous and multisystemic, and how to evaluate those symptomatic patients is a timely issue. Klok proposed the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) Scale as an easy tool to evaluate limitations related to persistent symptoms. Our aim was to analyse PCFS Scale ability to detect functional limitations and its correlation with quality of life in a cohort of patients, 2-9 months after hospitalisation for COVID-19 hypoxemic pneumonia.

Immune alveolitis in interstitial lung disease: an attractive cytological profile in immunocompromised patients.

Background: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a major diagnostic tool in interstitial lung disease (ILD). Its use remains largely quantitative, usually focused on cell differential ratio. However, cellular morphological features provide additional valuable information.

Percutaneous thermal ablation of lung metastases from thyroid carcinomas. A retrospective multicenter study of 107 nodules. On behalf of the TUTHYREF network.

Purpose: To determine efficacy and safety of thermal ablation (TA) for the local treatment of lung metastases of thyroid cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 47 patients from 10 centers treated by TA (radiofrequency, microwaves, and cryoablation) over 10 years. The endpoints were overall survival (OS), local efficacy, complications (CTCAE classification), and factors associated with survival.

Incidental findings suggestive of COVID-19 in asymptomatic cancer patients undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT in a low prevalence region.

Purpose: To assess the rate and pattern of incidental interstitial lung abnormalities suggestive of COVID-19 on 18F-FDG PET/CT in asymptomatic cancer patients during the period of active COVID-19 circulation between March and April 2020 in a geographic area of low prevalence of the virus.

Methods: 1396 18F-FDG PET/CT performed between January 1, 2020, and February 21, 2020, and between March 16, 2020, and April 17, 2020 for routine oncological indication were retrospectively analyzed. No patients had symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 at the time of the 18F-FDG PET/CT.

[An hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia of late revealed by a cerebral venous thrombosis: A case report].

Introduction: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by the triad of nose bleeding, telangiectasia and familial heredity.

Case Report: We report the case of a patient who had idiopathic venous cerebral thrombosis complicated by a cerebral infarction treated with warfarin. In the context of a psoas hematoma by warfarine overdose and immobilization, the patient had deep vein thrombosis of the left lower limb with pulmonary embolism revealing a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.

Pneumocystis pneumonia after lung transplantation: A retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Lung transplantation (LT) is an identified risk factor for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). However, PCP management and outcomes remain poorly described in LT recipients and PCP incidence is rarely documented in this population.

Methods: PCP episodes that occurred in 9 French LT centers between January 2010 and October 2017 were included in this analysis.

Ultrasonographic guidance for portal vein access during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to retrospectively assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous real-time ultrasound guidance for portal vein puncture during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2011 and November 2018, procedure details and outcome were retrospectively analyzed for 224 patients who underwent TIPS placement using real-time ultrasound guidance for portal vein puncture. There were 175 men and 49 women with a mean age of 52.

Bronchiectasis is highly prevalent in anti-MPO ANCA-associated vasculitis and is associated with a distinct disease presentation.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of bronchiectasis in a Western cohort with ANCA-positive granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and its correlations with disease presentation and outcome.

Methods: Retrospective study of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients followed at Nantes University Hospital (2005-2015). Clinical, biological, and follow-up data were collected through chart review.

Pulmonary nodules and masses in lung transplant recipients: clinical and CT findings.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review the clinical and CT findings of pulmonary nodules and masses in lung transplant recipients and to determine distinguishing features among the various aetiologies.

Methods: This retrospective study included 106 lung transplant recipients who had a chest CT performed over a 7-year period in a single institution.

Results: Twenty-four cases of pulmonary nodules and masses were observed on CT.

Polytetrafluoroethylene-covered nitinol stent graft for treatment of carotid artery blowout syndrome in head and neck cancer patients.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the efficacy, tolerance, and outcomes of covered stents in the treatment of carotid blowout syndrome (CBS) in head and neck cancer patients.

Study Design: Individual retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical and image files of all 20 consecutive head and neck cancer patients treated with covered stent grafts for CBS.

[Vertebrovertebral arteriovenous fistula diagnosis and treatment: report of 8 cases and review of the literature].

Vertebrovertebral Arteriovenous Fistula (V.V.A.