Stable selenium nickel-iron electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline and natural seawater.

The development of efficient and stable catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in seawater presents a major challenge for hydrogen production through water electrolysis. In this work, we present a stable NiFe foam catalyst with a Se-doped Ni/Fe oxide surface prepared through a combination of chemical vapor deposition and electrochemical exfoliation. This method effectively modifies the surface of the commercial NiFe foam to a rough and stable Se-doped Ni/Fe oxide surface, displaying exceptional OER performance in both freshwater and seawater with more than 54 days stability in natural seawater.