Changes in tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels in medullary A1 and A2 neurons and locus coeruleus following castration and estrogen replacement in rats.

Temporal changes in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA levels in medullary A1 and A2 neurons and locus coeruleus (LC) cells were studied 6, 12 and 24 h following orchidectomy in rats. Brains from intact controls and sham castrated rats also were evaluated at these same time periods. In situ hybridization histochemistry and quantitative image analysis techniques were used to quantitate levels of cytoplasmic TH mRNA.

Effects of reserpine on tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels in locus coeruleus and medullary A1 and A2 neurons analyzed by in situ hybridization histochemistry and quantitative image analysis methods.

These studies examined the effects of reserpine on concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and epinephrine (EPI) and on levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA in locus coeruleus (LC) and medullary A1 and A2 neurons. Noradrenergic neurons in these regions first were identified by immunocytochemistry and, thereafter, by in situ hybridization histochemistry. Levels of TH mRNA were measured by quantitative image analysis methods.

Temporal changes in tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels in A1, A2 and locus ceruleus neurons following electrical stimulation of A1 noradrenergic neurons.

We examined the effects of electrical stimulation (ES) of right A1 noradrenergic cells on temporal changes in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA levels in A1, A2 and locus ceruleus (LC) neurons by in situ hybridization histochemistry and quantitative image analysis methods. The stimulation parameters used previously have been shown to increase hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) release. Within 1 h after beginning A1 stimulation, TH mRNA levels were significantly increased and they continued to rise to reach plateau by 6 h.

Periodate-oxidized 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate as a fluorescent affinity label for pigeon liver malic enzyme.

Treatment of 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate with sodium periodate resulted in oxidation of the ribose linked to 3-aminopyridine ring and cleavage of the dinucleotide into 3-aminopyridine and adenosine moieties. These two moieties were separated by thin layer chromatography and were synergistically bound to pigeon liver malic enzyme (EC 1.1.

Effect of electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve on respiratory-modulated facial nerve activity in cats.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the response of respiratory-modulated facial nerve to electrical activation on the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN). The experiments were performed on fifteen cats which were anesthetized with pentobarbital, vagotomized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated. The animals were maintained at different levels of carbon dioxide in hyperoxia.