Impact of glycemic treatment and blood glucose monitoring on outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke without prior diabetes: a longitudinal cohort study.

Objectives: To explore the short- and long-term effects of glycemic management-through glycemic treatment and blood glucose monitoring (BGM)-on stroke recurrence and mortality specifically in patients experiencing a first-ever ischemic stroke (FIS) with hyperglycemia (FISHG) who have not previously been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: We gathered data on patients who were registered on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2015. We one-fold propensity-score-matched (by sex, age, and index date) 207,054 patients into 3 cohorts: those with FIS (1) without hyperglycemia, (2) hyperglycemia without glycemic treatment, and (3) hyperglycemia with glycemic treatment.

Effects of theory-guided unsupervised exercise on depression, sleep quality, and sense of control in pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Unsupervised exercise is beneficial for pregnant women, and ongoing exercise may affect the course of pregnancy. Therefore, promoting continued exercise among women is critical.

Aims: To implement a home-based exercise program, guided by the COM-B model theory, and assess its effects on depression, sleep quality, and sense of control among pregnant women.

Enhancing medical students' understanding of end-of-life care ethics and law through video-triggered expert-led debriefing: a two-stage study.

Background: Taiwan enacted the Hospice Palliative Care Act in 2000 and the Patient Autonomy Act in 2016. However, medical education has emphasized palliative care skills over ethical and legal integration. This study developed a curriculum for pre-clinical students, focusing on applying these issues in end of life care.

Optomechanical motions of gold dimer's spin, rotation and revolution manipulated by bessel beam.

The optomechanical motion of a gold nanoparticle (GNP) dimer-a pair of optically bound GNPs-in fluid, manipulated by a Bessel beam, is theoretically studied using the multiple multipole (MMP) method. Since a Bessel beam possesses orbital angular momentum (OAM) and spin angular momentum (SAM) simultaneously, complicated rigid-body motions of the dimer can be induced. The mechanism involves the equilibrium between the optical force with the reactive drag force exerted by the fluid.

Effects of intubation and hypoxemia on intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants during the first week: An observational study.

Background: Preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are at a risk of developing neurodevelopmental disabilities. Few studies have examined the effects of oxygen saturation (SpO) changes and intubation procedures on the risk of IVH.

Objectives: We examined the effects of intubation and the rates of three thresholds of hypoxemia on the occurrence of IVH in preterm infants during their first week in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Multi-omics analysis reveals regime shifts in the gastrointestinal ecosystem in chickens following anticoccidial vaccination and challenge.

Coccidiosis, caused by parasites, significantly impacts poultry farm economics and animal welfare. Beyond its direct impact on health, infection disrupts enteric microbial populations leading to dysbiosis and increases vulnerability to secondary diseases such as necrotic enteritis, caused by . The impact of infection or anticoccidial vaccination on host gastrointestinal phenotypes and enteric microbiota remains understudied.

Interdisciplinary management of orthodontic-dental implant-restorative patients.

This article addresses the management of dental implants in joint orthodontic-restorative cases, emphasising the role of temporary skeletal anchorage devices and interdisciplinary treatment. Focused on complex malocclusions that require dental implants, the article navigates through critical aspects such as diagnosis, treatment planning, implant positioning challenges and the strategic role of temporary skeletal anchorage devices in cases with compromised anchorage. Effective communication, collaborative efforts and strategic planning are highlighted in determining optimal implant numbers, locations and timing of placement.

Active vertical control with skeletal anchorage for optimizing facial profile in a severe Class II high-angle protrusion case.

This case report describes the nonsurgical management of a patient with a Class II skeletal pattern, retrognathic mandible, steep mandibular angle, maxillary vertical excess, and lip incompetence. The treatment approach involved orthodontic mechanics supported with skeletal anchorage to achieve maximal intrusion and retraction of the dentition. A novel elastic hanging rack appliance, supported by midpalatal miniscrews, was used.

Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation-Influence of Modifiable Risk Factors and Ablation Modality on Procedural Efficacy and Safety.

Background: Modifiable lifestyle risk factors, in particular obesity and related conditions, are important drivers of atrial fibrillation (AF), impacting the severity of symptoms and influence the efficacy and safety of treatment.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the impact of modifiable lifestyle factors on the effectiveness and safety of AF ablation, and examine the procedural characteristics, efficacy, safety and cost outcomes of cryoballoon vs radiofrequency ablation, in a real-world clinical setting.

Method: Patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF (June 2017 to December 2020) were included in this retrospective analysis.

Effects of bradycardia, hypoxemia and early intubation on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants: An observational study.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common pulmonary complication in preterm infants.

Objectives: The study aimed to explore the effects of bradycardia, hypoxemia, and early intubation on BPD in very preterm infants.

Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study.

The effects of unsupervised home-based exercise training during pregnancy: A systematic review.

Background: Pregnant women may experience physical and emotional distress. Exercise is recommended for healthy pregnant women and is beneficial for their mental and physical health. Unsupervised home-based exercise is cost-effective for pregnant women as an occasional solution for their discomfort.

Laser-light cueing shoes with integrated foot pressure and inertial sensing for investigating the impact of visual cueing on gait characteristics in Parkinson's disease individuals.

Gait disorders are a fundamental challenge in Parkinson's disease (PD). The use of laser-light visual cues emitted from shoes has demonstrated effective in improving freezing of gait within less restrictive environments. However, the effectiveness of shoes-based laser-light cueing may vary among individuals with PD who have different types of impairments.

Initiation patterns of anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation among older UK adults with and without chronic kidney disease, 2010-2020.

Background: There is a paucity of data on the initiation patterns of anticoagulants among older atrial fibrillation patients with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Setting And Methods: We used the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2010-2020) to conduct a retrospective cohort study to evaluate anticoagulant initiation patterns for older adults (≥65 years) with CKD (N=18 421) and without CKD (N=41 901), categorised by severity of CKD: stages 3a, 3b and 4, and initiation dose by respective direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC).

Results: Over the study period, warfarin initiations sharply declined and were replaced by DOACs regardless of CKD status or stage.

Nurse-led intervention to improve oral mucosal health of intubated patients in the intensive care unit: A prospective study.

Background: This prospective study aimed to explore the effectiveness of an oral care intervention with Tegaderm on the oral mucosal health of intubated patients.

Methods: A total of 70 intubated patients were included and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups, clean water brushing teeth (n = 23), brushing teeth combined with mouthwash (BTM) (n = 23), and brushing teeth combined with mouthwash and Tegaderm (BTMT) (n = 24). The Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS) was applied to evaluate the patient's oral mucosal health before and after oral care intervention.

Streamlines of the Poynting Vector and Chirality Flux around a Plasmonic Bowtie Nanoantenna.

The streamlines of the energy flux (Poynting vectors) and chirality flux as well as the intensity of the electric field around various plasmonic nanostructures (nanocube, nanocuboid, nanotriangle, hexagonal nanoplate and bowtie nanoantenna) induced by a circularly polarized (CP) or linearly polarized (LP) light were studied theoretically. The boundary element method combined with the method of moment was used to solve a set of surface integral equations, based on the Stratton-Chu formulation, for analyzing the highly distorted electromagnetic (EM) field in the proximity of these nanostructures. We discovered that the winding behavior of these streamlines exhibits versatility for various modes of the surface plasmon resonance of different nanostructures.

Orthodontic considerations in hypodivergent craniofacial patterns.

This article examines the characteristics of hypodivergent craniofacial patterns and explores treatment modalities in response to these features. It discusses the impact of robust masticatory muscles, which produce heavy occlusal forces. In addition, it examines the use of Botox or splints to reduce gonial angles in individuals with a square face.

Laser-light Visual Cueing Shoes with Foot Pressures and Inertial Sensing for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease.

Gait disorder is a core problem in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), including bradykinesia, shuffling steps, festinating gait, and freeze of gait (FOG). Laser-light visual cueing has been demonstrated to be efficient in the mediation of gaits and the reduction in number of FOG episodes. However, previous approaches commonly adopted independent controls of visual cueing on left and right sides which was prone to produce two cues while individual was not in normal walking.

Total arch extrusion with skeletal anchorage to improve inadequate maxillary incisor display in a case of vertical maxillary deficiency.

Inadequate maxillary incisor display can negatively impact facial esthetics. Various treatment options exist depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Skeletal anchorage was used to extrude the maxillary dentition and rotate the mandible backward, enhancing visibility of the maxillary incisors.

Event-related brain potentials reveal enhancing and compensatory mechanisms during dual neurocognitive and cycling tasks.

Background: Various neurocognitive tests have shown that cycling enhances cognitive performance compared to resting. Event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by an oddball or flanker task have clarified the impact of dual-task cycling on perception and attention. In this study, we investigate the effect of cycling on cognitive recruitment during tasks that involve not only stimulus identification but also semantic processing and memory retention.

Effect of Temperature on Mosquito Olfaction.

Mosquitoes use a wide range of cues to find a host to feed on, eventually leading to the transmission of pathogens. Among them, olfactory cues (e.g.

Gold-Nanoparticles-Enhanced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cells at Spread-Out Bragg Peak under Proton Beam Radiation.

This study investigates the radiobiological effects of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as radiosensitizers for proton beam therapy (PBT). Specifically, we explore the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GNP-loaded tumor cells irradiated by a 230 MeV proton beam in a spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) zone obtained by a passive scattering system. Our findings indicate that the radiosensitization enhancement factor is 1.

Effect of temperature on mosquito olfaction.

Mosquitoes use a wide range of cues to find a host to feed on, eventually leading to the transmission of pathogens. Among them, olfactory cues ( , host emitted odors, including CO , and skin volatiles) play a central role in mediating host seeking behaviors. While mosquito olfaction can be impacted by many factors, such as the physiological state of the insect ( , age, reproductive state), the impact of environmental temperature on the olfactory system remains unknown.

Oral DNA vaccine adjuvanted with cyclic peptide nanotubes induced a virus-specific antibody response in ducklings against goose parvovirus.

Background: Cyclic peptide nanotubes (cPNTs) formed from the spontaneous beta-sheet stacking of peptide rings may serve as a safe and effective oral delivery vehicle/adjuvant for DNA vaccines.

Aim: In this study, we sought to determine if a DNA vaccine expressing the VP2 protein of goose parvovirus, adjuvanted with cPNTs, may elicit virus-specific antibody response through oral vaccination.

Material And Methods: Forty 20-day-old Muscovy ducks were randomly assigned to two groups of 20 ducks each and vaccinated.

Autoincudotomy as an uncommon etiology of conductive hearing loss: Case report and review of literature.

Ossicular pathology is a recognized etiology of conductive hearing loss. Ossicular pathology includes 2 main categories, that is, ossicular chain fixation and ossicular discontinuity. Ossicular discontinuity can be congenital or acquired.

Do we still need to screen our patients?-Orthopaedic scoring based on motion tracking.

Purpose: Orthopaedic scores are essential for the clinical assessment of movement disorders but require an experienced clinician for the manual scoring. Wearable systems are taking root in the medical field and offer a possibility for the convenient collection of motion tracking data. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of automated orthopaedic scorings based on motion tracking data using the Harris Hip Score and the Knee Society Score as examples.