A multivariate model for explaining gender differences in commitment to volunteering in the COVID-19 pandemic: The Israeli case.

This study examined gender differences in commitment to volunteering and its explanatory variables among Israeli volunteers in the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Commitment to volunteering was assessed based on tendency to continue volunteering over time, expected intensity of volunteering, and tendency to recommend volunteering to others. The sample included 173 men and 331 women.

Sources of empowerment and mental health among retired men and women: An ecological perspective.

Aims: The overarching goal of the present study was to examine the contribution of various sources of empowerment to mental health during retirement with an added emphasis on gender differences. The empowerment sources that were examined corresponded with three distinct ecological systems: (1) Chronosystem-resource gains from the pre- to post-retirement period and satisfaction with the prior working period; (2) Microsystem-marital power dynamics (measured by the division of household labor and decision-making in the marital relationship) and the presence of a confidant; (3) Ontogenetic system-a sense of meaning in one's life during the retirement period and an assessment of absolute resources.

Method: The research sample consisted of 160 Israeli retirees (78 women and 82 men) who had retired within the previous eight years.

A multi-variable model for explaining long-term commitment to volunteering among COVID-19 volunteers.

The aim of the study was to test variables that explain long-term commitment to volunteering among volunteers in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel. Long-term commitment to volunteering was tested by the participants' evaluation of the stability, consistency, and intensity of their volunteering over time. Two theoretical frameworks served for explaining commitment to volunteering: the social-structural approach and the psychological characteristics approach.

Volunteering experience during emergencies: Comparative analysis of a military operation and a pandemic.

The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the volunteering experience in two states of emergency in Israel: Operation Protective Edge (a military man-made emergency) and the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (a natural emergency). The sample included 993 volunteers, of whom 498 volunteered during Operation Protective Edge and 504 during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative research design was used to investigate three aspects of the volunteering experience: motives for volunteering, satisfaction from volunteering, and commitment to volunteer.

The contribution of role satisfaction, meaning in life and work-home conflict to explaining well-being among working grandparents.

Background And Objectives: The study aimed to examine the relationship of satisfaction with occupied roles as well as the sense of meaning in life and experience of work-home conflict to well-being among working grandparents in Israel.

Design And Methods: The research sample consisted of 316 employed grandparents aged 50-80 (153 grandfathers and 163 grandmothers), who were employed in various types of organizations. Data were collected using structured questionnaires.

Coping resources, perceived stress and adjustment to divorce among Israeli women: assessing effects.

The aim of this study was to examine how socioeconomic resources (level of education and evaluation of economic situation), cognitive resources (sense of coherence), emotional resources (the quality of relationship with the ex-spouse and the existence of a new romantic relationship), and perceived stress contribute to explaining the adjustment of Israeli women to divorce. Adjustment to divorce was examined along four dimensions: self-acceptance of divorce, disentanglement of the love relationship, symptoms of grief, and self-evaluation. The research sample consisted of 114 divorced Jewish women, all of whom had retained custody of their children.

Explaining the sense of family coherence among husbands and wives: the Israeli case.

This study examined variables belonging to the family environment that explain the sense of family coherence among husbands (n = 133) and wives (n = 133) in Israel. Specifically, the explanatory variables tested were spousal power relations (as expressed in equality in the division of household labor and decision making), and perceived family conflict. In general, the sense of family coherence among spouses was found to be high.

Equality in the division of household labor: a comparative study of Jewish women and Arab Muslim women in Israel.

In this study, the author compared perceptions of gender-based equality in the division of household labor among Jewish women (n = 60) and Arab Muslim women (n = 62) from dual-earner families in Israel. Guided by theories regarding the division of household labor, the author also explored the impact of 3 sets of variables--resources, gender-role attitudes, and job flexibility (flextime)--on perceived equality in the division of household labor. The findings revealed that the Jewish women tended to perceive the division of household labor as more egalitarian than did their Arab Muslim counterparts.

Adjustment to breast cancer: the contribution of resources and causal attributions regarding the illness.

The study examined personal resources (sense of coherence and social support) and attributions concerning the causes of illness, and their relationship to adjustment to breast cancer. The research sample included 60 Israeli women with breast cancer, who responded to questionnaires at two stages of their illness: the stage of initial discovery (after first learning of the illness) and approximately six months later (the stage of mitigation and accommodation). The overall level of adjustment to the illness was moderate.

The impact of family status on gender identity and on sex-typing of household tasks in Israel.

The author examined differences in sex-typing of household tasks (adult gender roles and children's chores) and differences in gender identity among adult Israelis. The author compared 2 groups of participants: single people without children (single-family participants; n = 62) and married people with children (full-family participants; n = 62). Regarding sex-typing of household tasks and direct assessments of masculine and feminine identity, there were no differences between single-family participants and full-family participants.