Brain tumor image segmentation based on improved FPN.

Purpose: Automatic segmentation of brain tumors by deep learning algorithm is one of the research hotspots in the field of medical image segmentation. An improved FPN network for brain tumor segmentation is proposed to improve the segmentation effect of brain tumor.

Materials And Methods: Aiming at the problem that the traditional full convolutional neural network (FCN) has weak processing ability, which leads to the loss of details in tumor segmentation, this paper proposes a brain tumor image segmentation method based on the improved feature pyramid networks (FPN) convolutional neural network.

Exploring the effects of lysozyme dietary supplementation on laying hens: performance, egg quality, and immune response.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the dietary supplementation with lysozyme's impacts on laying performance, egg quality, biochemical analysis, body immunity, and intestinal morphology. A total of 720 Jingfen No. 1 laying hens (53 weeks old) were randomly assigned into five groups, with six replicates in each group and 24 hens per replicate.

COVID-19 Vaccination Prior to SARS-CoV-2 Infection Reduced Risk of Subsequent Diabetes Mellitus: A Real-World Investigation Using U.S. Electronic Health Records.

Objective: Previous studies have indicated a bidirectional correlation between diabetes and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, no investigation has comprehensively explored the potential of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination to reduce the risk of new-onset diabetes in infected individuals.

Research Design And Methods: In the first of 2 cohorts, we compared the risk of new-onset diabetes between individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 and noninfected individuals (N = 1,562,606) using the TriNetX database to validate findings in prior literature.

Cancer and Atrial Fibrillation Comorbidities Among 25 Million Citizens in Shanghai, China: Medical Insurance Database Study.

Background: With population aging, the prevalence of both cancer and atrial fibrillation (AF) have increased. However, there is scarce epidemiological data concerning the comorbid state of cancer and AF in low- and middle-income countries, including China.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the site-, sex-, and age-specific profiles of cancer and AF comorbidities in Chinese populations.

The development and impact of an app for a smart drug interaction reminder system.

Background: Improved access to media and medical knowledge has elicited stronger public health awareness.

Objective: This study developed a smart drug interaction reminder system for patients to increase knowledge and reduce nurse workload.

Methods: This study used a single-group pre-test/post-test design and applied mining techniques to analyze the weight and probability of interaction among various medicines.

Diagnostic performance of microRNA-29a in active pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In recent years, more and more studies have shown that microRNA-29a (miRNA-29a) can be used as a potential biomarker for active tuberculosis, but the results of these studies are not consistent.

Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the value of miRNA-29a in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis by meta-analysis.

Methods: The databases of CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies.

Electrocatalytic Systems for NO Valorization in Organonitrogen Synthesis.

Inorganic nitrogen oxide (NO ) species, such as NO, NO , NO , NO generated from the decomposition of organic matters, volcanic eruptions and lightning activated nitrogen, play important roles in the nitrogen cycle system and exploring the origin of life. Meanwhile, excessive emission of NO gases and residues from industry and transportation causes troubling problems to the environment and human health. How to efficiently handle these wastes is a global problem.

A Layered Aluminophosphate [CHN][Al(PO)]·5HO with Fluorescent Property Derived from Carbazolyl-Modified Template.

Designing and innovating organic structure-directing agents is the key to synthesizing novel molecular sieve structures. Herein, we design a novel carbazolyl-modified template and further synthesize a two-dimensional layered aluminophosphate with [CHN][Al(PO)]·5HO (denoted as ZHKU-2). ZHKU-2 is composed of AA-stacked [AlPO16] layers constructed from alternating AlO and PO(=O) tetrahedrons to form a 4.

Application of machine learning and its effects on the development of a nursing guidance mobile app for sarcopenia.

Background: Aging leads to changes in the body system, such as sarcopenia. This can result in several health issues, particularly physical and mobility dysfunction. Asian people typically have little awareness of sarcopenia.

The safety and response of CT guided percutaneous cryoablation for lung nodules by 17-gauge needles.

Background: The safety and efficacy of 17-gauge needles used in CT-guided percutaneous cryoablation for lung nodules were explored in this study. The purpose of the study was to compare the findings with earlier research and multi-center clinical trials that used various needle sizes.

Methods: Between 2016 and 2020, a retrospective study was conducted with approval from the institutional review board.

Enhancing patient-centred care in Taiwan's dental education system: Exploring the feasibility of doctor-patient communication education and training.

Background/purpose: Improved communication can optimize treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction. Findings emphasize the need for tailored communication strategies based on patient characteristics. Implementing communication courses can enhance patient-centered care and reduce conflicts.

A chronological review of COVID-19 case fatality rate and its secular trend and investigation of all-cause mortality and hospitalization during the Delta and Omicron waves in the United States: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 690 million deaths worldwide. Different results concerning the death rates of the Delta and Omicron variants have been recorded. We aimed to assess the secular trend of case fatality rate (CFR), identify risk factors associated with mortality following COVID-19 diagnosis, and investigate the risks of mortality and hospitalization during Delta and Omicron waves in the United States.

A member of NF-Y family, OsNF-YC5 negatively regulates salt tolerance in rice.

NF-Y, a critical transcription factor, binds to the CCAAT-box in target gene promoters, playing a pivotal role in plant development and abiotic stress response. OsNF-YC5, encodes a putative subunit of the NF-Y transcription factor in rice, had an undetermined function. Our research revealed that OsNF-YC5 is induced by high salinity and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA).

3D Hierarchical TiCT@PANI-Reduced Graphene Oxide Heterostructure Hydrogel Anode and Defective Reduced Graphene Oxide Hydrogel Cathode for High-Performance Zinc Ion Capacitors.

The practical application of supercapacitors (SCs) has been known to be restricted by low energy density, and zinc ion capacitors (ZICs) with a capacitive cathode and a battery-type anode have emerged as a unique technology that can effectively mitigate the issue. To this end, the design of electrodes with low electrochemical impedance, high specific capacitance, and outstanding reaction stability represents a critical first step. Herein, we report the synthesis of hierarchical TiCT@PANI heterostructures by uniform deposition of conductive polyaniline (PANI) polymer nanofibers on the exposed surface of the TiCT nanosheets, which are then assembled into a three-dimensional (3D) cross-linking framework by a graphene oxide (GO)-assisted self-convergence hydrothermal strategy.

Simultaneous Capture of CO Boosting Its Electroreduction in the Micropores of a Metal-organic Framework.

Integration of CO capture capability from simulated flue gas and electrochemical CO reduction reaction (eCO RR) active sites into a catalyst is a promising cost-effective strategy for carbon neutrality, but is of great difficulty. Herein, combining the mixed gas breakthrough experiments and eCO RR tests, we showed that an Ag cluster-based metal-organic framework (1-NH , aka Ag bpy-NH ), simultaneously possessing CO capture sites as "CO relays" and eCO RR active sites, can not only utilize its micropores to efficiently capture CO from simulated flue gas (CO  : N =15 : 85, at 298 K), but also catalyze eCO RR of the adsorbed CO into CO with an ultra-high CO conversion of 60 %. More importantly, its eCO RR performance (a Faradaic efficiency (CO) of 96 % with a commercial current density of 120 mA cm at a very low cell voltage of -2.

Enhanced tumor immunotherapy by polyfunctional CD19-CAR T cells engineered to secrete anti-CD47 single-chain variable fragment.

A high recurrence rate of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) following chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell treatment remains a bottleneck, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) compromising CAR T cell efficacy in NHL is the primary cause of relapse. Accordingly, modifying the structure of CAR T cells to attenuate the inhibitory effect of TME thus reducing recurrence rate is a valuable research topic. CD47 has been proved to be a promising therapeutic target and is crucial in regulating macrophage function.

Mitigating ammonia volatilization in rice cultivation: The impact of partial organic fertilizer substitution.

Optimizing water and nitrogen management to minimize NH volatilization from paddy fields has been extensively studied. However, there is limited research on the combined effect of different rates of organic fertilizer substitution (OFS) and irrigation methods in rice cultivation, exploring an effective water and nitrogen combination is beneficial to mitigate NH volatilization. To address this gap, we conducted a two-year field experiment to investigate NH volatilization under different OFS rates (0%, 25%, and 50%) combined with continuous flooding irrigation (CF) and alternate wet and dry irrigation (AWD).

Pathogenesis and novel therapeutics of regulatory T cell subsets and interleukin-2 therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous multisystem inflammatory disease with wide variability in clinical manifestations. Natural arising CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining peripheral tolerance by suppressing inflammation and preventing autoimmune responses in SLE. Additionally, CD8+ regulatory T cells, type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1), and B regulatory cells also have a less well-defined role in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Construction of nursing-sensitive quality indicators for the care of patients with prone position ventilation using the Delphi method.

Background: Prone position ventilation (PPV) has gradually become an adjuvant treatment to improve oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Scientific and comprehensive evaluation of the quality of nursing care for patients with PPV is of great significance to ensure the effectiveness of treatment and patient safety. However, there are no established objective indicators for evaluating the quality of nursing care for patients with PPV.

Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of standardized capillary refill time in dogs is high following observer training.

Objective: To assess intraobserver and interobserver reliability of capillary refill time (CRT) measurement in dogs using a standardized technique after training.

Animals: 20 dogs presented to the emergency room.

Methods: Dogs presented to the emergency room were prospectively recruited.

Dicopper(I) Sites Confined in a Single Metal-Organic Layer Boosting the Electroreduction of CO to CH in a Neutral Electrolyte.

It is challenging and important to achieve high performance for an electrochemical CO reduction reaction (eCORR) to yield CH under neutral conditions. So far, most of the reported active sites for eCORR to yield CH are single metal sites; the performances are far below the commercial requirements. Herein, we reported a nanosheet metal-organic layer in single-layer, namely, [Cu(obpy)] (, Hobpy = 1-[2,2']bipyridinyl-6-one), possessing dicopper(I) sites for eCORR to yield CH in a neutral aqueous solution.

Mitochondrial protein and organelle quality control-Lessons from budding yeast.

Mitochondria are essential for normal cellular function and have emerged as key aging determinants. Indeed, defects in mitochondrial function have been linked to cardiovascular, skeletal muscle and neurodegenerative diseases, premature aging, and age-linked diseases. Here, we describe mechanisms for mitochondrial protein and organelle quality control.

Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Pyridine Oximes using in Situ Generated NH OH from NO species on Nanofiber Membranes Derived from NH -MIL-53(Al).

Pyridine oximes produced from aldehyde or ketone with hydroxylamine (NH OH) have been widely applied in pharmaceutics, enzymatic and sterilization. However, the important raw material NH OH exhibits corrosive and unstable properties, leading to substantial energy consumption during storage and transportation. Herein, this work presents a novel method for directly synthesizing highly valuable pyridine oximes using in situ generated NH OH from electrocatalytic NO reduction with well-design nanofiber membranes (Al-NFM) derived from NH -MIL-53(Al).

Low-to-Moderate Arsenic Exposure and Urothelial Tract Cancers with a Long Latent Period of Follow-Up in an Arseniasis Area.

Background: Arsenic exposure can cause adverse health effects. The effects of long-term low-to-moderate exposure and methylations remain unclear.

Objective: This study aims to examine the association between low-to-moderate arsenic exposure and urothelial tract cancers while considering the effects of methylation capacity.